单词 | muscarine |
释义 | muscarinen. Chemistry and Physiology. A quaternary ammonium base, C9H21NO3, found in the fly agaric ( Amanita muscaria) and certain other fungi, which is a poisonous alkaloid which mimicks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine causing nausea and vomiting, bradycardia, and copious secretion by the mucous and sweat glands. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > poison > [noun] > from fungus or bacterium > from specific fungus muscarine1869 helvellic acid1906 the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > poisons > [noun] > others oxalic acid1788 nicotine1817 alkarsin1838 tetanine1857 muscarine1869 cinnoline1883 saprine1887 isocyanic acid1891 mescaline1896 toxicodendrol1898 tube curare1898 tulipine1900 fluoroacetamide1909 thalassin1909 yperite1917 protoanemonin1920 Lewisite1921 organochloride1966 1869 Nature 2 Dec. 144/1 Schmiedeberg and Koppe have published an account of the pharmacy and physiological action of muscarin, the active constituent of agaricus muscarius. 1878 tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. XVII. 936 Muscarine contracts the pupils. 1910 Practitioner June 824 Putrefactive organisms split up proteins into..ptomaines—neurin, cholin, muscarin, cadaverin, [etc.]. 1940 H. A. McGuigan Appl. Pharmacol. 576 The action of pilocarpine and muscarine..seems to be on the parasympathetic nerve endings and not directly on the gland cell. 1951 J. Steinbeck & E. F. Ricketts Log from ‘Sea of Cortez’ xii. 124 Muscarine, the active poisonous principle of Amanita muscaria and other fungi. 1961 Q. Rev. Chem. Soc. 15 154 The story of muscarine revolves round the presentation of three formulae, two erroneous ones C5H14O2N+ and C8H18O2N+, and the correct one C9H20O2N+. 1989 E. Lawrence Guide Mod. Biol. ix. 259 Another group of ACh receptors..are blocked by muscarine and related alkaloids. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1869 |
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