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单词 mush
释义

mushn.1

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/ (in sense 4 also)U.S. /mʊʃ/
Forms: 1600s– mush; English regional 1900s– moosh (Yorkshire), 1900s– mosh (midlands).
Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mash n.1
Etymology: Apparently an imitative alteration of mash n.1 Compare mush v.2With sense 1 perhaps compare Dutch moes (see moose n.1). Although not attested until the early 19th cent., sense 4a (the presumed basic sense) is probably older than the existing evidence suggests. Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. records an 18th-cent. Scots variant musk in sense 4a (see quot. below); however, Sc. National Dict. s.v. Musk n.3 explains this word as a variant of, or an error for, mask n.2, compare:1757 R. Maxwell Pract. Husbandman 153 Take as much Water as will fully cover the Quantity of Grain... Boil all these till the Grain is reduced to a Musk.
1. Chiefly North American. Porridge; spec. porridge made with maize meal boiled in water or milk until thick. Frequently in mush and milk, mush and molasses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > porridges > [noun]
polentaOE
papelotec1400
pottagea1500
crowdy-mowdy?a1513
drowsen1519
pease porridge?1548
plum pottage1574
sowens1582
grout1587
orgementa1590
plum porridge1591
loblolly1597
pease pottage1600
girt-brew1620
washbrew1620
lentil-porridge1622
hominy1630
porridgea1643
samp1643
nettle-pottage1659
nettle-porridge1661
crowdie1668
suppawn1670
mush1671
rockahominy1674
stirabouta1691
praiseach1698
sagamité1698
brochan1700
atole1716
burgoo1750
purry1751
fungee1789
pepper porridge1803
kasha1808
mamaliga1808
skilligalee1819
bean-porridge1821
skilly1839
sap porridge1842
corn-mush1846
oatmeal mush1850
pap1858
ugali1860
oatmeal1873
mealie-meal1880
mealie-pap1880
uji1889
sadza1899
nsima1907
putu papa1910
posho1927
putu1949
ogi1957
whey-porridge-
1671 J. Hardy Descr. Last Voy. Bermudas 11 Indian corn..Which being groun'd and boyl'd, Mush they make Their hungry Servants Hunger for to slake.
1676 B. Tompson New Englands Crisis 6 These times were good, Merchants car'd not a rush For other fare than Jonakin and Mush.
1746 E. Kimber Itinerant Observ. Amer. in London Mag. July 322/2 The meaner Sort you find little else but Water amongst, when their Cyder is spent. Mush and Milk, or Molasses, Homine,..and Fish, are their principal Diet.
1811 H. M. Brackenridge Jrnl. 3 Apr. in Views Louisiana (1814) 202 A pot of mush for supper, with a pound of tallow in it.
1893 K. Sanborn Truthful Woman S. Calif. 37 The old greenhorn above who had his supper of mush and milk.
1908 U. Sinclair Metropolis 162 [Common people] ate mush and molasses.
1934 W. Saroyan Daring Young Man 97 We ate mush in those days. It was cheap and we were poor, and the mush filled a lot of space.
1988 S. Bellow Theft 40 In a sophisticated boardroom Clara could be as plain as cornmeal mush.
2. English regional (west midlands and northern). A superior kind of iron ore found as concretions.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > minerals > ore > [noun] > metal ore > iron ore > others
bloodstone1504
haematite1543
yellow share1590
keel1596
brush-ore1678
mush1686
brush-iron-ore1695
iron glance1792
specular iron (also iron ore)1796
steel-ore1796
oligistc1803
black band1811
old man1811
spathose iron-ore1823
pitticite1826
siderose1834
blink klip1835
pharmacosiderite1835
sphaerosiderite1837
fossil ore1846
jacutinga1846
vignite1846
siderite1848
junckerite1865
needle iron-ore1867
xanthosiderite1868
specularite1892
pitch ore1896
minette1902
taconite1905
1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iv. 159 Mush the best of all [iron ore]..many times fill'd with a briske sweet liquor which the Workmen drink greedily.
1804 J. Parkinson Org. Remains Former World I. xxxii. 326 Dr. Plot, in his History of Staffordshire, relates, that among the best sort of iron-stones, called mush, are frequently found round, or oval, blackish and reddish stones.
1903 I. Wilkinson in Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 210/1 [N. Yorkshire] Mush [the best kind of ironstone].
3. Melting snow or ice; slush.Recorded earliest in mush ice n. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cold weather > [noun] > freezing or frosty weather > slush
slusha1642
mush1815
mush ice1815
1815 Niles' Weekly Reg. 9 201/2 You may, by digging down three feet, take a pole sixty feet long and with the strength of your hands run it down the whole length, and find no termination of what is called the mush ice.
1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words (at cited word) The streets wis aall mush.
1952 Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 33/2 The deer..milling restlessly through a yellow mush of snow.
1978 P. Matthiessen Snow Leopard ii. 111 The local people will slog extra hours through wet mush rather than break camp before sun strikes it.
1995 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Electronic ed.) 16 Apr. Spring Breakup, an almost comical event of nature, turns the roads to mush.
4.
a. gen. A pulpy or formless mass; soft pulp. Also (British regional): something reduced to or resembling powder.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > types of softness > [noun] > pulpiness or mushiness > pulp
pomace1555
mash1598
mummy1601
pulp1633
pomate1699
pulpament1699
pummy1754
mush1824
pash1825
smush1825
1824 J. Mactaggart Sc. Gallovidian Encycl. Mush, a vast of matters tossed together, such as straw, grain, hay, chaff, &c.
1841 R. W. Emerson Man the Reformer in Dial Apr. 537 A poor fungus or mushroom..that seemed nothing but a soft mush or jelly.
1850 L. H. Garrard Wah-to-Yah xxi. 286 With unbolted Mexican flour and bacon grease, a thick mush was manufactured.
1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 114 Mush, any thing decayed to a state of powder.
1878 E. W. Clark Life & Adventure Japan 76 The rice field is stirred up into a perfect mush of mud.
1914 D. H. Lawrence Widowing of Mrs. Holroyd iii. 74 One of my sons..was shot till 'is shoulder was all of a mosh.
1960 F. J. Turner & J. Verhoogen Igneous & Metamorphic Petrol. (ed. 2) xi. 292 Gravitational settling of heavy dark minerals within the layer of mush carpeting the floor..is thought to be responsible for the rhythmic layering so widely prevalent in the lower levels.
1986 C. Lassalle Breaking Rules 170 She prepared a mush of aubergines and garlic in olive oil.
1996 T. Clancy Executive Orders xx. 271 It looked like some sort of awful stew, the darkened human blood and the red-brown nephritic mush of monkey kidneys.
b. figurative (usually derogatory). A confused muddle; an incoherent jumble of thoughts and ideas; speech or writing characterized by feeble or cloying sentimentality.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > absence of meaning > nonsense, rubbish > empty, idle talk > [noun]
windc1290
trotevalea1300
follyc1300
jangle1340
jangleryc1374
tongue1382
fablec1384
clapa1420
babbling?c1430
clackc1440
pratinga1470
waste?a1475
clattera1500
trattle1513
babble?a1525
tattlea1529
tittle-tattlea1529
chatc1530
babblery1532
bibble-babble1532
slaverings1535
trittle-trattle1563
prate?1574
babblement1595
pribble-prabble1595
pribble1603
morologya1614
pibble-pabblea1616
sounda1616
spitter-spatter1619
argology1623
vaniloquence1623
vaniloquy1623
drivelling1637
jabberment1645
blateration1656
onology1670
whittie-whattiea1687
stultiloquence1721
claver1722
blether1786
havera1796
jaunder1796
havering1808
slaver1825
yatter1827
bugaboo1833
flapdoodle1834
bavardage1835
maunder1835
tattlement1837
slabber1840
gup1848
faddle1850
chatter1851
cock1851
drivel1852
maundering1853
drooling1854
windbaggery1859
blither1866
javer1869
mush1876
slobber1886
guff1888
squit1893
drool1900
macaroni1924
jive1928
natter1943
shtick1948
old talk1956
yack1958
yackety-yack1958
ole talk1964
Haigspeak1981
1840 W. G. Simms Border Beagles II. xvi. 224 Let him make a start on a sudden, and its all mush with Saxon.
1852 Gleason's Pict. Drawing Room Compan. 24 July 61/1 Uncle Tom's Cabin has had a large sale, but the book is perfect ‘mush’.
1876 W. Besant & J. Rice Golden Butterfly II. v. 97 Bringing everlasting disgrace on our town with such mush as that.
1904 Life 26 May 500/3 That sort of Bible defense is mere mush.
1928 C. Mac Arthur in Liberty 11 Aug. 8/2 Some bright baby with stars on his shoulders and mush in his head.
1957 R. Bradbury Dandelion Wine 19 I spent..hours in the theater toilet waiting for the mush to be over.
1984 J. Davis Garfield: Who's Talking? 22 Oh no! My legs are turning to jelly! My mind is turning to mush!
1994 Harper's Mag. Aug. 36/2 His answers were mush, and when they weren't his lawyer told him to shut up.
5. U.S. Ground-up fish; the refuse remaining after oil has been extracted from fish. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1890 Cent. Dict. Mush,..fish ground up; chum; pomace; stosh.
6. Radio. Distortion or noise heard as a hissing or rushing sound.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > [noun] > signal > interference
cross-talk1887
static1905
X1906
statics1912
click1914
jam1914
grinder1922
hash1923
mush1924
echo1928
image1928
radio echo1928
harmonic interference1929
second channel1932
1924 Harmsworth's Wireless Encycl. II. 1456 Mush, term used for the irregular intermediate frequencies set up by an arc transmitter which interfere with the fundamental wave-lengths.
1927 Radio Assoc. Official Handbk. 70 The purity of amplification..and the silence of the ‘background’, owing to successful elimination of atmospherics and ‘mush’, is remarkable.
1952 Electronic Engin. 24 120 Unwanted low frequency fluctuations of high frequency ‘mush’.
1993 ‘A. McNab’ Bravo Two Zero (1994) iii. 31 It was clinical and efficient, with the ambient hiss and mush of radio transmissions in the background.
7. Surfing. The foam produced when a wave breaks.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > wave > foam or surf > [noun] > white water
white water1482
woolpack1599
mush1969
1969 Surfer 9 57 Hardy rides and cuts out as the shoulder flattens to mush.
1971 Stud. in Eng. (Univ. Cape Town) Feb. 28 When a surfer is tired, he catches a wave all the way in. For the last part of the distance he will be riding the frommel; the soup; white water; the mush.
1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 16 Sept. 1/4 The trip was as bad as riding the mush.
2001 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 5 Jan. 8 c Longboards..perform better in small surf, like the mush we often see on the Gulf coast.

Compounds

mushburger n. Surfing slang a type of wave which is shapeless or poorly formed.
ΚΠ
1979 Surfing July 13/1 These kooks act like they're living in paradise when all they've got is two-foot mushburgers throughout the year.
1997 Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 28 June (Weekend section) 5 Out on the mushburger waves, the surfers are pumped up and going great.
2015 W. Finnegan Barbarian Days (2016) ix. 391 I surfed alone for an hour, catching big mushburgers outside, skiing over the ledge, and then red-lining it through the barrel section on my sturdy Owl.
mush ice n. water only partly frozen, ice mixed with water.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > water > [noun] > iced or partly frozen
ice water1669
mush ice1815
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cold weather > [noun] > freezing or frosty weather > slush
slusha1642
mush1815
mush ice1815
1815Mush ice [see sense 3].
1866 Sci. Amer. 14 228 I found the end of the pipe closed with ice in the form of wool or mush ice.
1906 J. London White Fang iv. iii. 218 The fall of the year, when the first snows were falling and mush-ice was running in the river.
1966 R. M. Patterson Trail 86 They came..poling and tracking against the slowly drifting mush ice of the fall.
mush pan n. North American a pan used for cooking maize porridge.
ΚΠ
1843 J. S. Robb Streaks Squatter Life 59 (heading) Betsy Jones' Tumble in the Mush Pan.
1940 H. H. Hatcher Buckeye Country 173 When his self-made paste~board hat fell to pieces..he covered his head with his mush pan.
mush pot n. North American = mush pan n.
ΚΠ
1840 Southern Literary Messenger Sept. 630/2 Katrina was ordered to sit by the kitchen-fire and attend to the mush-pot.
1874 Harper's Mag. July 161 In our settlement it was the pride of good housekeepin' to keep the mush-pot always hot and never empty.
1967 G. Snyder Back Country i. 22 Washing the mush pot in the lake.
mush sugar n. rare a mixture of syrup and sugar crystals.
ΚΠ
1868 14th Ann. Rep. Iowa State Agric. Soc. 1867 178 When sugar is contemplated, White Imphee is..the best, as all I have made went to thick mush sugar immediately.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

mushn.2

Brit. /mʊʃ/, U.S. /mʊʃ/
Forms: 1700s– mush, 1900s– moosh, 1900s– moush.
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: muss n.1, mug n.3
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps originally a variant of muss n.1; or perhaps an alteration of mug n.3, after mush n.1 or mush v.2
colloquial.
The face; the mouth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > [noun]
leera700
nebeOE
onseneeOE
wlitec950
anlethOE
nebshaftc1225
snouta1300
facec1300
visage1303
semblantc1315
vicea1325
cheera1350
countenance1393
front1398
fashiona1400
visurec1400
physiognomyc1425
groina1500
faxa1522
favour1525
facies1565
visor1575
complexiona1616
frontispiecea1625
mun1667
phiz1687
mug1708
mazard1725
physiog1791
dial plate1811
fizzog1811
jiba1825
dial1837
figurehead1840
Chevy Chase1859
mooey1859
snoot1861
chivvy1889
clock1899
map1899
mush1902
pan1920
kisser1938
boat1958
boat race1958
punim1965
c1790 May-bush in J. E. Walsh Sketches Irel. 90 Years Ago (1847) 90 His faulchin in one hand, his pipe in his mush.
1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 127 Mush, the mouth.
1902 C. L. Cullen More Ex-tank Tales 85 I'd often seen him in New York, and I'd seen his mush in Byrnes's mug book, too.
1906 E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands xv. 202 Er stream iv water..takes Fuzzy fair in the mush, heels him over.
1932 J. T. Farrell Young Lonigan i. i. 20 That time he had pasted Weary in the mush with an icy snowball.
1959 I. Jefferies Thirteen Days i. 18 He said if anybody opened his mush, he'd kill 'em.
1972 K. Bonfiglioli Don't point that Thing at Me iv. 34 You ought to see his moosh, where I hit him, it's a treat, honest.
2008 A. Davies Mine All Mine 172 I spin around, throwing an accidental elbow that lands squarely in the Rat Burglar's mush.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushn.3

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: mushroom n.
Etymology: Shortened < mushroom n., with reference to the similarity in shape.
slang. Now rare.
An umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > umbrella or protection against bad weather > [noun]
umbrella1634
umbrell1816
mush1821
gingham1838
mushroom1839
roof1844
Gamp1855
1821 Life D. Haggart 56 Tommy Twenty, a mush toper feeker.
1856 H. Mayhew Great World London 6 The mouth has come to be styled the ‘tater-trap’;..umbrellas, ‘mushrooms’ (or, briefly, ‘mush’);..and so on.
1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 108/2 There is a great diff[erence] between a dona and a mush. You can shut up a mush (umbrella) sometimes.
1969 H. Carvic Mrs Seeton draws Line ix. 172 That old trot slung her mush through the windscreen.

Compounds

mush-faker n. (also mush-fakir) an itinerant umbrella repairer, a tinker (see also quot. 1935).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making other clothing > [noun] > repairing umbrellas > one who
mush-faker1821
mushroom-faker1839
1821Mush toper feeker [see main sense].
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 115/2 The term [Mushroom-fakers]..has become very generally condensed among those who carry on the trade—they are now mush-fakers.
1899 ‘J. Flynt’ Tramping with Tramps 395 Mush-Fakir, an umbrella mender. The umbrellas which he collects are frequently not returned.
1931 ‘D. Stiff’ Milk & Honey Route ix. 101 Traditionally, a mush faker is a man who goes about mending umbrellas, but the term may also include a man who goes to back doors soldering pots and kettles.
1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 79/1 Mush faker, a spotter for thieves, who goes from door to door mending umbrellas..or does odd jobs for the purpose of gaining information of the home and contents.
mush-faking n. the occupation of a mush-faker; repairing umbrellas.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making other clothing > [noun] > repairing umbrellas
mush-faking1893
1893 P. H. Emerson Signor Lippo xx. 91 My old man..got his dudder by chinay-faking and mush-faking.
1931 ‘D. Stiff’ Milk & Honey Route ix. 102 These mushfaking grafts are usually distinguished in the hobo's mind from the various sidewalk grafts which are known by the simple term of fakes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushn.4

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Perhaps formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: mush n.3; mush v.3
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps < mush n.3 (either because the passenger was sheltered by an umbrella, or for the reason given in quot. 1974), or perhaps < mush v.3 (see quot. 1975 at musher n.2, and compare marche-donc n.). Compare slightly earlier musher n.2, mushing n.2
British slang (chiefly London).
An owner-driver of a cab; a cab driver who owns a small number of cabs. Cf. musher n.2
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport by vehicles plying for hire > [noun] > driving or hiring of cabs > driver of hired cab > of hackney-coach or cab > who owns a small number of cabs
musher1887
mush1892
1889 C. T. Clarkson & J. H. Richardson Police! xix. 252 A ‘mush’ man is a driver who mounts his own cab.]
1892 Labour Comm. Gloss. Little mushes, term applied to those in the cab-driving industry who drive their own vehicles.
1902 Academy 27 Dec. 706/2 A Mush is the owner of 3 or 4 cabs.
1939 H. Hodge Cab, Sir? v. 60 They say a starving mush—(that's an owner-driver buying his car on the never-never)—once thought he'd get a free car wash from these street-cleaners.
1973 Sunday Times 11 Nov. 21/8 Mick Roberts will run his cab as a ‘mush’, or owner-driver.
1974 Sunday Times Mag. 17 Mar. 66/1 A ‘mush’ (a driver who has ‘mushroomed’ from being a company driver to owner driver).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushn.5

Brit. /mʌʃ/, /mʊʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/, Canadian English /mʌʃ/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mush v.3
Etymology: < mush v.3 Compare slightly earlier musher n.3
Chiefly Canadian and U.S. regional (Alaska).
A journey; esp. one made through snow by dog sled.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > [noun] > driving a dog-sled > instance of
mush1902
1902 L. McKee Land of Nome 76 They were making ready their packs for the ‘mush’ to the auxiliary creeks.
1910 R. W. Service Trail of '98 341 I was still weak from my illness and my long mush had wearied me.
1924 J. F. Dorrance Never fire First 53 When Oliver gets back from this inconsiderate mush of his, I'll become quite useless as your handmaiden.
1926 Glasgow Herald 8 Mar. 10/7 From Hudson in northern Ontario it is a twelve-day ‘mush’ for men and dogs over the frozen sub-arctic prairie to the Red Lake district.
1990 Fairbanks (Alaska) Daily News-Miner 26 Aug. c4 in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. (1996) III. 736/2 These strips..will be nutritious trail snacks during the winter's long, cold mushes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushn.6

Brit. /mʊʃ/, U.S. /mʊʃ/
Origin: Probably formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: mush-head n.
Etymology: Probably short for mush-head n.J. E. Lighter Hist. Dict. Amer. Slang (1997) at cited word suggests a possible alternative etymology as an alteration of mug n.6, after mush n.2
U.S. slang.
A weak-minded person; a fool, an idiot.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > foolish person, fool > [noun]
dizzyc825
cang?c1225
foolc1225
apec1330
mopc1330
saddle-goosec1346
mis-feelinga1382
foltc1390
mopec1390
fona1400
buffardc1430
fopc1440
joppec1440
fonda1450
fondlinga1450
insipienta1513
plume of feathers1530
bobolynec1540
dizzard1546
Little Witham?1548
nodc1563
dawkin1565
cocknel1566
nigion1570
niddicock1577
nodcock1577
cuckoo1581
Jack with the feather1581
niddipol1582
noddyship?1589
stirkc1590
fonkin1591
Gibraltar1593
fopper1598
noddypeak1598
coxcombry1600
simple1600
gowka1605
nup1607
fooliaminy1608
silly ass1608
dosser-head1612
dor1616
glow-worm1624
liripipea1625
doodle1629
sop1637
spalt1639
fool's head1650
buffle1655
Jack Adams1656
bufflehead1659
nincompoopc1668
bavian1678
nokes1679
foolanea1681
cod1699
hulver-head1699
nigmenog1699
single ten1699
mud1703
dowf1722
foolatum1740
silly billy1749
tommy noddy1774
arsec1785
nincom1800
silly1807
slob1810
omadhaun1818
potwalloper1820
mosy1824
amadan1825
gump1825
gype1825
oonchook1825
prawn1845
suck-egg1851
goosey1852
nowmun1854
pelican1856
poppy-show1860
buggerlugs1861
damfool1881
mudhead1882
yob1886
peanut head1891
haggis bag1892
poop1893
gazob1906
mush1906
wump1908
zob1911
gorm1912
goof1916
goofus1916
gubbins1916
dumb cluck1922
twat1922
B.F.1925
goofer1925
bird brain1926
berk1929
Berkeley1929
Berkeley Hunt1929
ding1929
loogan1929
stupido1929
poop-stick1930
nelly1931
droop1932
diddy1933
slappy1937
goof ball1938
get1940
poon1940
tonk1941
clot1942
yuck1943
possum1945
gobdaw1947
momo1953
nig-nog1953
plonker1955
weenie1956
nong-nong1959
Berkshire Hunt1960
balloon1965
doofus1965
dork1965
nana1965
shit-for-brains1966
schmoll1967
tosspot1967
lunchbox1969
doof1971
tonto1973
dorkus1979
motorhead1979
mouth-breather1979
wally1980
wally brain1981
der-brain1983
langer1983
numpty1985
sotong1988
fanny1995
fannybaws2000
1906 National Police Gaz. (U.S.) 18 Aug. 6 The mush scratched checks..as he needed them.
1921 E. O'Neill Anna Christie 74 You're an old mush!
1968 A. Diment Bang Bang Birds v. 57 So this mush is running a string of..houses of ill-repute.
1993 in J. E. Lighter Hist. Dict. Amer. Slang (1997) 626/1 I was just going with my feelings, you big mush!
2010 Daily News (N.Y.) 17 Aug. ‘I watched too many movies,’ the trainer joked about the price. ‘I don't want any mushes betting on him, if you know what I mean.’
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushn.7

Brit. /mʊʃ/, /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/
Forms: 1900s– moosh, 1900s– mush.
Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mush n.1
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an extended sense of mush n.1 (compare porridge n. 4).
slang.
1. Military. A guardroom, a cell; a military prison.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > military
provo1705
provost1728
conjee-house1835
detention barrack1906
mush1917
glasshouse1925
stockade1945
1917 W. Muir Observ. Orderly xiv. 228 If one of those ‘hooks’ [sc. pilferers] were caught, he would be first ‘rammed in the mush’ (put in the guardroom).
1919 Athenæum 8 Aug. 727/2 When a man was ‘run in’ the guardroom he was in ‘clink’ or in ‘moosh’.
1943 J. L. Hunt & A. G. Pringle Service Slang 46 Mush, the glasshouse or guardroom.
2. Australian. Prison food.
ΚΠ
1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. vii. 141 Jail food is moosh.
1967 B. K. Burton Teach them no More 17 I knew an old lagger once... He made little statues out of his mush. Didn't eat breakfast for years.
1979 L. Newcombe Inside Out 25 ‘What's mush?’ I asked... ‘Breakfast, kid,’ said George. ‘A dixie full of lumpy, gluey, weevilled wheat.’
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushn.8

Brit. /mʊʃ/, U.S. /mʊʃ/
Forms: 1900s– moosh, 1900s– mush.
Origin: Probably a borrowing from Angloromani. Etymon: Angloromani mush.
Etymology: Probably < Angloromani mush man (1863 as moosh in B. C. Smart Dial. Eng. Gypsies; compare Welsh Romani mūrš ) < Romani murš , by metathesis and dissimilation (compare Greek nomadic Romani mruš ) < Sanskrit manuṣya human being, man (see monnisher n.).
British slang.
1. A man, a fellow, a ‘bloke’. Frequently as a form of address.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > [noun]
hadc900
lifesmaneOE
maneOE
world-maneOE
ghostOE
wyeOE
lifeOE
son of manOE
wightc1175
soulc1180
earthmanc1225
foodc1225
person?c1225
creaturec1300
bodyc1325
beera1382
poppetc1390
flippera1400
wat1399
corsec1400
mortal?a1425
deadly?c1450
hec1450
personagec1485
wretcha1500
human1509
mundane1509
member1525
worma1556
homo1561
piece of flesh1567
sconce1567
squirrel?1567
fellow creature1572
Adamite1581
bloat herringa1586
earthling1593
mother's child1594
stuff1598
a piece of flesh1600
wagtail1607
bosom1608
fragment1609
boots1623
tick1631
worthy1649
earthlies1651
snap1653
pippin1665
being1666
personal1678
personality1678
sooterkin1680
party1686
worldling1687
human being1694
water-wagtail1694
noddle1705
human subject1712
piece of work1713
somebody1724
terrestrial1726
anybody1733
individual1742
character1773
cuss1775
jig1781
thingy1787
bod1788
curse1790
his nabs1790
article1796
Earthite1814
critter1815
potato1815
personeityc1816
nibs1821
somebody1826
tellurian1828
case1832
tangata1840
prawn1845
nigger1848
nut1856
Snooks1860
mug1865
outfit1867
to deliver the goods1870
hairpin1879
baby1880
possum1894
hot tamale1895
babe1900
jobbie1902
virile1903
cup of tea1908
skin1914
pisser1918
number1919
job1927
apple1928
mush1936
face1944
jong1956
naked ape1965
oke1970
punter1975
the world > people > person > man > [noun]
churla800
werec900
rinkeOE
wapmanc950
heOE
wyeOE
gomeOE
ledeOE
seggeOE
shalkOE
manOE
carmanlOE
mother bairnc1225
hemea1250
mother sona1250
hind1297
buck1303
mister mana1325
piecec1325
groomc1330
man of mouldc1330
hathela1350
sire1362
malea1382
fellowa1393
guestc1394
sergeant?a1400
tailarda1400
tulka1400
harlotc1405
mother's sona1470
frekea1475
her1488
masculinea1500
gentlemana1513
horse?a1513
mutton?a1513
merchant1549
child1551
dick1553
sorrya1555
knavea1556
dandiprat1556
cove1567
rat1571
manling1573
bird1575
stone-horse1580
loona1586
shaver1592
slave1592
copemate1593
tit1594
dog1597
hima1599
prick1598
dingle-dangle1605
jade1608
dildoa1616
Roger1631
Johnny1648
boy1651
cod1653
cully1676
son of a bitch1697
cull1698
feller1699
chap1704
buff1708
son of a gun1708
buffer1749
codger1750
Mr1753
he-man1758
fella1778
gilla1790
gloak1795
joker1811
gory1819
covey1821
chappie1822
Charley1825
hombre1832
brother-man1839
rooster1840
blokie1841
hoss1843
Joe1846
guy1847
plug1848
chal1851
rye1851
omee1859
bloke1861
guffin1862
gadgie1865
mug1865
kerel1873
stiff1882
snoozer1884
geezer1885
josser1886
dude1895
gazabo1896
jasper1896
prairie dog1897
sport1897
crow-eater1899
papa1903
gink1906
stud1909
scout1912
head1913
beezer1914
jeff1917
pisser1918
bimbo1919
bozo1920
gee1921
mush1936
rye mush1936
basher1942
okie1943
mugger1945
cat1946
ou1949
tess1952
oke1970
bra1974
muzhik1993
the mind > emotion > love > terms of endearment > [noun] > of or to a man
sonOE
brotherOE
friarc1290
lad1535
fellow1577
bubba1841
old top1856
bra1869
bro1918
mush1936
ouboet1953
coz1961
oppa1963
bruv1970
the mind > emotion > love > terms of endearment > [noun] > familiar form of address
mon amic1425
matec1500
boy1532
old lad1594
old boy1602
captaina1616
mon cher1673
old chap1823
old man1828
ou maat1838
boysie1846
old top1856
boetie1867
bra1869
cocker1888
mon vieux1888
face1891
yessir1892
George1903
old sport1905
old bean1917
segotia1917
babe1918
bro1918
tovarish1918
old egg1919
midear1921
old (tin of) fruit1923
sport1923
mush1936
cowboy1961
coz1961
wack1963
yaar1963
John1982
1936 ‘J. Curtis’ Gilt Kid v. 53 I'm a bit of a coring mush, myself.
1950 P. Tempest Lag's Lexicon 137Moosh’ is used more as a greeting: ‘Hullo, Moosh.’
1961 J. Maclaren-Ross Doomsday Bk. vii. 76 Long's you don't go laughing in the wrong place, mush.
1966 New Statesman 23 Dec. 934/3 My old woman's gone to Paris with a black moosh.
1972 J. Brown Chancer i. 12 Look, moosh, you'll strip off or I'll take them off you.
1989 Bash Street Kids No. 18. 3 Money!? How much loot, moosh?
2. spec. (Liverpool). A prostitute's client; a man who uses prostitutes.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > frequenting prostitutes > one who
whore hunter?1506
strumpetier1633
drabbera1640
chippy chaser1887
mush1972
1966 F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 29 Ee's a mush, he is a stranger.]
1972 Observer 13 Aug. 7/4 The coloured youths call the kerb-crawlers ‘mushes’.
1980 J. McClure Spike Island I. xxiv. 133 She was fed up being pestered by the mooshes every time she went out.
1993 Guardian 21 Dec. ii. 3/1 I learn from Janice that this is a lesbian act that she and Allison will be performing for a ‘mush’ (a term used to describe the men who buy sex from prostitutes).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushn.9

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: moustache n.
Etymology: Shortened < moustache n.
colloquial.
A moustache.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > hair > hair on lower part of face > [noun] > moustache
mustachio1551
mustachio beard1566
moustache1585
mustachiosa1593
bigote1622
dibble1631
umbrage1657
whisker1706
lip-wing1825
facial hair1830
mousetail1853
lip-hair1873
lip-thatch1892
hackles1894
mo1894
tash1894
zit1912
mouser1922
stash1940
taz1951
stache1963
mush1967
1967 C. Drummond Death at Furlong Post xv. 181 Take my oath it's he..with his hair parted..and the mush shaved off his lip.
1969 K. Giles Death cracks Bottle xiii. 172 He read one of these Service ads... You know, a young bloke with a mush telling troops to go plunging into the jungle.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushadj.

Forms: 1500s musche.
Origin: Probably formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: mushed adj.1
Etymology: Probably shortened < mushed adj.1
Scottish. Obsolete.
Of taffeta: patterned with spots; = mushed adj.1
ΚΠ
1578 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 228 Ane [doublet]..of blak musche taffetie.
1580 Edinb. Test. IX. f. 28, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Musche taffetie Half ane eln half ane quarter of musche taffetie.
1587 Edinb. Test. XVIII. f. 52v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Musche taffetie Of musche taffattie xxiiij elnes..price of the elne iiij li. vj s. viij d.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

mushv.1

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/, Scottish English /mʌʃ/
Forms: pre-1700 musche, pre-1700 1700s– mush.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French moucher.
Etymology: < Middle French, French moucher to cut, trim (1530 in Palsgrave; now archaic), to take off the end of a candle (1380; 11th cent. in Old French in sense ‘to blow the nose’: see mouchoir n.); compare the derivative verb moucheter to pink, cut with small cuts (1611 in Cotgrave; now archaic).
Scottish. Now rare.
transitive. To cut or stamp ornamental nicks or notches in (fabric); to cut with pinking shears. Also: to pad or puff out (part of a garment) into flounces, etc. Sc. National Dict. s.v. records the sense as still in use in Aberdeenshire and Edinburgh in 1963.
ΚΠ
1600 [implied in: Tailors' Acct. Bk. f. 5v To the broudster for musching of ȝour..black sating dowblit. (at mushing n.1)].
1615 in C. Innes Bk. Thanes Cawdor (1859) 240 Item 3 quarteris of reid bukkram to musche out the sleivis xv s.
1681 in A. W. C. Hallen Acct. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 97 To pay for mushing Grissies coat 0, 18, 0.
1701 in Sc. Antiquary (1898) 12 66 Which chire is to be lyned with fyne grey cloath musht about it.
1705 in A. W. C. Hallen Acct. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 369 To pay for 2 ell and a quarter grein cloath to be musht in stead of fringes to the chariot..the broad thereof being 8 ell, at 6 sh. the ell, mushing the narrow, being 17 ell, at 1 sh. the ell.
1711 Tatler 13 Jan. That Captain James Cavaille Merchant at Couper in Fife, sells all sorts of dead Woollens, ready made after the newest Fashion, Sued and Mushed for Men, and Women, and Children.
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Mush, to cut out with a stamp, to nick or notch, to make into flounces. It is commonly applied to grave-clothes.
1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. Mush, to scallop or plait the edges of a woman's cap, &c.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushv.2

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /mʊʃ/, /məʃ/
Forms: 1700s– mush, 1800s– mosh (English regional (midlands)), 1900s– moosh (U.S. regional).
Origin: Apparently either (i) a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Or perhaps (ii) formed within English, by conversion. Etymons: mash v.1; mush n.1
Etymology: Apparently an imitative alteration of mash v.1, or perhaps directly < mush n.1 (although this is first attested slightly later in this sense).
1. transitive. To crush, to crumble, to pulverize; to mash or reduce to a pulp. Also figurative.
ΚΠ
1781 J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 93/1 Mush, to crush, or crumble.
1848 A. B. Evans Leicestershire Words 58 I thought that she would have moshed her children then and there.
1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Silas Marner vii. 111 ‘Folks as had the devil to back 'em were not likely to be so mushed’ as poor Silas was.
1893 Cumberland Pacquet 29 June 6/3 T'sour leaven hed t'top pared off't; than it was mushed away amang t'barley meal.
1949 ‘J. Tey’ Brat Farrar i. 10 ‘I don't like rhubarb in inches, Aunt Bee, I like it in mush.’ ‘Well, mush it more carefully.’
1980 S. Trott When your Lover Leaves (1981) 193 I..grabbed pulpy tomatoes from cans and mushed them in my hands.
2. intransitive. To become mush; (English regional (midlands and northern)) to crumble or decay.
ΚΠ
1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 114 To Mush, to crumble, to moulder.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (at cited word) Messingham gravil isn't worth much; it mushes to muck th' fost time a heavy load goes ower it.
1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. Mush, to perish or to fall to powder.
1988 M. Atwood Cat's Eye xiv. 70 The apples mush under my feet.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

mushv.3

Brit. /mʌʃ/, /mʊʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/, Canadian English /mʌʃ/
Forms: 1800s mouche, 1800s– mush.
Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymons: French marche; French marchons, marcher.
Etymology: Apparently either < French marche or < French marchons, respectively 2nd singular and 1st plural imperative of marcher (see march v.2); compare French marche donc! , a common command to horses to walk on (see marche-donc n.). Compare mush n.5Compare the following:1940 Amer. Speech 15 326 Mush,..Etymology usually given as abbr. from ‘mush on’ from Fr. ‘marchons’... Nobody mentions the imperative singular form ‘marche’, which, however, is supported by the following: ‘The French voyageur was in evidence in the early days, with his dog train. He would talk to his dogs in his own language and say “Marsh, marsh, marsh dog”.’ Superior [Winnipeg] Telegram, July 23, 1910.
Chiefly Canadian and U.S. regional (Alaska).
1.
a. intransitive. To travel, esp. through snow, on foot or by dog sled. Of a team of dogs: to pull a sled. Also with on. Frequently in imperative, as a command given to urge on the dogs pulling a sled.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > go on foot [verb (intransitive)] > through snow with a sledge
mush1897
1862 R. Kennicott Jrnl. Jan. in J. A. James First Sci. Explor. Russian Amer. (1942) 113 One sees only a large cloud moving along the track, out of which come queer cries of..Marche! Yeu! Chah! etc... The voyageur, be he English, Gaelic, Norwegian, or French, always addresses his dogs in a rubbaboo sort of a language they call French here.]
1862 R. Kennicott Jrnl. 24 Jan. in J. A. James First Sci. Explor. Russian Amer. (1942) 130 My dogs are dogs! and we will mouche very likely, after all.
1897 Medicine Hat (Alberta) News 30 Sept. 7/4 It is laughable to hear the driver yell, ‘Mush, Mush,’ at them.
1903 Sun (N.Y.) 22 Nov. His little boat was cut out, and then he started to ‘mush’ back over the ice.
1913 F. Williams Wilderness Trail 163 He [sc. a dog] crushed back all the battle-fury in his pounding heart, and mushed as he had never mushed before.
1927 Brit. Weekly 13 Jan. 409/2 They were mushing on to a new strike.
1934 Beaver Sept. 26 Constable Lee and his Indian interpreter, Albert, came mushing up with a jingle of bells from Fort Providence.
1966 Whig-Standard (Kingston, Ont.) 25 Feb. 12/1 There hasn't been so much excitement over sled-dogs in the north since Leonard Sepala mushed through the land of the midnight sun.
1998 G. Vidal Smithsonian Inst. viii. 216 As the lights faded, they got into the sleigh and mushed over the ice and snow.
b. transitive. To urge on or drive (a team of dogs) through snow.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > drive a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > drive a dog-sled
mush1899
1899 J. London White Silence in Overland Monthly Feb. 142/2 She took the gee-pole and whip, and ‘mushed’ the dogs out on the trail.
1932 Sun (Baltimore) 15 Jan. 1/5 Through a raging blizzard McDowell mushed a dog team the eighty miles to Aklavik.
1947 Mazama Dec. 6/2 Norris left Mt. McKinley Park station on 11 April and mushed his dog team to Base Camp arriving 15 April.
1994 Good Times Dec. 49/1 Right here in Canada, you can soak in a spa, learn to ski, mush a dogsled, [etc.].
c. transitive. To convey by dog sled.
ΚΠ
1976 A. Hobbs Tisha xii. 173 There were always people..who wanted to be mushed into the interior for one reason or another.
2. intransitive. colloquial. In extended use: to set off or make one's way, esp. with some effort or under difficult conditions.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] > travel through snow and ice
mush1898
1898 W. N. Robertson Yukon Mem. 210 You think all the while you are nearing the top, and ‘mush on’, like viewing a ship at sea.
1906 ‘O. Henry’ Four Million 106 I never got off the train since I mushed out of Seattle, and I'm hungry.
1958 P. Berton Klondike Fever Prelude 19 He thought nothing of making a present of his trousers to a pantless native and mushing home in his red flannels.
1966 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 24 Jan. 17/8 I then struck out to mush to the nearest bus stop.
1978 B. Ford Times of my Life (1979) xxxviii. 291 Another picture came into my head: Betty Bloomer, all those years ago, mushing out to teach dancing on the wrong side of the tracks.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushv.4

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/, /mʊʃ/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mush n.1
Etymology: < mush n.1
colloquial.
1. intransitive. Chiefly U.S. To become sentimental over a person; to kiss, to cuddle. Also transitive and in to mush it up.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > action of caressing > caress or make a show of affection [verb (intransitive)]
ingle1599
bill1609
smug1813
canoodle1864
mush1919
goo1941
1919 M. Mitchell Let. 12 Oct. in Dynamo going to Waste (1985) 38 I told you I'd never mush over any man till the man I was going to marry came along, and I haven't.
1928 J. M. March Wild Party ii. iii. 52 He's mushin' it up with your angel-face!
1939 Airman's Gaz. Dec. 24/2 Last night I was mushing one of the birds from the canteen in my back parlour.
1953 S. Bellow Adventures of Augie March vi. 86 If you got to have a girlfriend..there's plenty of honest kids to choose from, the kind who'd never..let you stick around till one a.m. mushing with them on the steps.
1994 Newsday 29 Apr. a 14/1 The two were spotted mushing it up on West 20th Street shortly after 2 a.m.
2. intransitive. To sink in or into a soft surface.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > move downwards [verb (intransitive)] > sink > sink into a soft surface
sinka1450
mush1948
1948 ‘N. Shute’ No Highway ii. 41 The landing was a hazardous one because of the alternate thaw and freeze: the skis [of the aircraft] mushed in beneath the icy crust.
1962 J. Glenn in J. Glenn et al. Into Orbit 13 I..skimmed right over the top of a rice paddy—almost mushing into it.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

mushv.5

Brit. /mʌʃ/, U.S. /məʃ/
Origin: Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: mush v.2
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a specific sense development of mush v.2
slang (originally U.S.).
intransitive. Of an aircraft: to lose airspeed or altitude, esp. with the engine stalling repeatedly. Frequently with down. Also in extended use.J. E. Lighter Hist. Dict. Amer. Slang cites an occurrence from the 1935 film Ceiling Zero, but the term has not been found in the script.
ΚΠ
1941 H. J. Knerr Student Pilot's Training Primer i. 17 Drag..and the loss of lift due to decreased speed will cause the airplane to ‘mush’ and eventually stall.
1947 A. C. Douglas Gliding & Advanced Soaring ii. 39 If the launch is too slow, the pilot will feel that the machine is ‘mushing’ through the air.
1975 B. Garfield Hopscotch xvi. 161 They mushed down through heavy cloud... She made one low pass over the runway.
1978 H. Wouk War & Remembrance x. 105 The submarine mushed downward, slowing and turning.
1992 FlyPast Oct. 26 I hauled back the wheel and the plane mushed down and hit the water.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11671n.2c1790n.31821n.41892n.51902n.61906n.71917n.81936n.91967adj.1578v.11600v.21781v.31862v.41919v.51941
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