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单词 mutable
释义

mutableadj.n.

Brit. /ˈmjuːtəbl/, U.S. /ˈmjudəb(ə)l/
Forms: late Middle English– mutable, 1500s muitable, 1500s mutabell; Scottish pre-1700 mutabil, pre-1700 mutabill, pre-1700 1700s– mutable.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin mūtābilis.
Etymology: < classical Latin mūtābilis liable to change, changeable, fickle < mūtāre to change (see mutate v.) + -bilis -ble suffix. With use as noun compare post-classical Latin mutabile thing liable to change (early 3rd cent.), use as noun of neuter of classical Latin mūtābilis . Compare Middle French mutable (1576 in an isolated attestation), French mutable (1801). Compare slightly earlier muable adj.
A. adj.
1.
a. Liable or subject to change or alteration.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > changeableness > [adjective]
slidinga900
wankleeOE
windyc1000
unsteadfastc1200
fleeting?c1225
loose?c1225
brotelc1315
unstablec1340
varyingc1340
variantc1374
motleyc1380
ungroundedc1380
muablea1393
passiblea1393
remuablea1393
changeablea1398
movablea1398
variablec1397
slidderya1400
ticklec1400
variantc1412
flitting1413
mutable?a1425
movingc1425
flaskisable1430
flickering1430
transmutablec1430
vertible1447
brittlea1450
ficklea1450
permutablec1450
unfirmc1450
uncertain1477
turnable1483
unsteadfast1483
vagrantc1522
inconstant1526
alterable?1531
stirringc1540
slippery1548
various1552
slid?1553
mutala1561
rolling1561
weathery1563
unconstant1568
interchangeable1574
fluctuant1575
stayless1575
transitive1575
voluble1575
changeling1577
queasy1579
desultory1581
huff-puff1582
unstaid1586
vagrant1586
changeful1590
floating1594
Protean1594
unstayed1594
swimming1596
anchorless1597
mobilec1600
ticklish1601
catching1603
labile1603
unrooted1604
quicksilvered1605
versatile1605
insubstantial1607
uncertain1609
brandling1611
rootless1611
squeasy1611
wind-changinga1616
insolid1618
ambulatory1625
versatilous1629
plastic1633
desultorious1637
unbottomed1641
fluid1642
fluent1648
yea-and-nay1648
versipellous1650
flexile1651
uncentred1652
variating1653
chequered1656
slideable1662
transchangeative1662
weathercock-like1663
flicketing1674
fluxa1677
lapsable1678
wanton1681
veering1684
upon the weathercock1702
contingent1703
unsettled?1726
fermentable1731
afloat1757
brickle1768
wavy1795
vagarious1798
unsettled1803
fitful1810
metamorphosical1811
undulating1815
tittupya1817
titubant1817
mutative1818
papier mâché1818
teetotum1819
vacillating1822
capricious1823
sensitive1828
quicksilvery1829
unengrafted1829
fluxionala1834
proteiform1833
liquid1835
tottlish1835
kaleidoscopic1846
versative1846
kaleidoscopical1858
tottery1861
choppy1865
variative1874
variational1879
wimbly-wambly1881
fluctuable1882
shifty1882
giveable1884
shifty1884
tippy1886
mutatory1890
upsettable1890
rocky1897
undulatory1897
streaky1898
tottly1905
tipply1906
up and down1907
inertialess1927
sometimey1946
rise-and-fall1950
switchable1961
?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. pr. vi. 174 Whiche destynal causes, whan thei passen out fro the bygynnynges of the unmoevable purveaunce, it moot nedes be that thei ne be nat mutable [L. immutabiles].
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 3642 (MED) Of worldly trust, fals & ful mutable, Who cast no pereil til þat it be-falle, In-stede of sugre he tasteth galle.
?1521 A. Barclay Bk. Codrus & Mynalcas sig. D Protheus,..Mutable of fygure, oftymes in one hour.
a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 590 With-oute whom [sc. Fortune], sithen non playnly can prosper, That in this muitable lyfe ar nowe procedyng, I am come thurgh love.
1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. xv. 89 Although no lawes but positiue be mutable, yet all are not mutable which be positiue.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi. vii. 306 There is no East and West in Nature; nor are those absolute and invariable, but respective and mutable points. View more context for this quotation
1675 R. Vaughan Disc. Coin & Coinage Ep. Ded. sig. A5 I shall not undertake to say, but that in the Tables of values, in these mutable times, some variation may happen.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 39. ⁋15 The Use of Clothes continues, though the Fashion of them has been mutable.
1783 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds II. ii. i. 347 Mutable Flycatcher. Muscicapa mutata.
1824 S. E. Ferrier Inheritance xc Her mutable countenance had now all the fixedness and paleness of marble.
1902 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. II. xvi. 428 Like all other laws those of the Kirk proved to be mutable.
1940 E. Hemingway For whom Bell Tolls xiii. 164 When you committed either fornication or adultery you recognized your own personal fallibility of that so mutable substitute for the apostles' creed, the party line.
1978 C. James Flying Visits (1984) 47 The city is infinitely mutable. Looking back on it from the Staten Island ferry on a rainy day, you can see it dissolving in the clouds.
b. Grammar and Phonetics. Of a consonant sound: subject to mutation (see mutation n. 5). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [adjective] > mutation
mutable1707
1707 E. Lhuyd Archæologia Britannica 300 The Consonants are divided into Mutable and Immutable. The Mutable are such as by the Addition of an h, or else by a full point (.) above them, either alter or lose their Pronunciation, as b, c [etc.].
1808 W. Neilson Introd. Irish Gram. i. 5 The sounds of the mutable consonants, when aspirated, differ materially from those which they receive, when simple.
1837 G. Phillips Elem. Syriac Gram. 28 Nouns of many syllables, the last of which is mutable, are exemplified in the following Table.
1876 Atlantic Monthly 37 306/1 The mutable consonants are nine; namely, c, p, t, b, d, g, ii, m, rh.
1913 J. M. Jones Welsh Gram. 164 The mutable consonants..normally underwent the soft mutation between a vowel and a sonant.
2. Inconstant in mind, will, or disposition; fickle; variable. Now chiefly literary and poetic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > changeableness > [adjective] > of persons
ficklea1275
mutablec1425
fleeting1553
rolling1561
unbottomed?1674
motley1755
mobile1778
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [adjective]
unfastc888
unstathelfasteOE
unsteadfasta1200
fleeting?c1225
changeablea1275
ficklea1275
unstablec1290
waveringc1315
flickerc1325
loose in the haftc1325
motleyc1380
unsadc1384
variablea1387
variantc1386
ticklec1400
inconstant1402
flitting1413
brittle1420
plianta1425
mutablec1425
shittle1440
shittle-witted1448
moonishc1450
unconstant1483
unfirm1483
varying?a1500
pliablea1513
fluctuant1575
changeling1577
shittle-headed1580
cheverel1583
off and on1583
chameleon-like1589
changeful1590
limber1602
unsteady1604
ticklish1606
skittish1609
startling1619
labile1623
uncertaina1625
cheverelized1625
remuant1625
fluctuate1631
fluctuary1632
various1636
contrarious1643
epileptical1646
fluxilea1654
shittle-braineda1655
multivolent1656
totter-headed1662
on and off1668
self-inconsistent1678
weathercocka1680
whifflinga1680
versatile1682
veering1684
fast and loose1697
inconsistent1709
insteadfast1728
unfixing1810
unsteadied1814
chameleonic1821
labefact1874
ballastless1884
weathercocky1886
whiffle-minded1902
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 1856 Her hertes ben..so mevynge and mutable.
a1500 in R. H. Robbins Secular Lyrics 14th & 15th Cent. (1952) 220 (MED) To you, dere herte, variant and mutable.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. cxcjv Least the sight..might..also wyn the hartes of the mutable commonaltie.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xlviij The mutable mynde of quene Elyzabeth.
1625 K. Long tr. J. Barclay Argenis iv. vii. 260 They call Fortune whatsoeuer is doubtfull... And for this cause they feigne her a mutable and blinde goddesse.
1653 R. Saunders Physiognomie ii. 194 A mutable, wavering, unconstant minded person.
1703 T. Baker Tunbridge-walks iii. sig. F2 - F2v Your Minds are so very mutable, that whatever you think at present, you're of a quite different Opinion before you can utter it.
1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc iii. 85 Paris with her servile sons, A headstrong, mutable, ferocious race, Bow'd to the invader's yoke.
1816 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto III cvi. 58 A child Most mutable in wishes, but in mind, A wit as various.
1860 J. L. Motley Hist. Netherlands (1868) I. vii. 468 Ever variable and mutable as woman, Elizabeth was perplexing and baffling to her counsellors.
a1918 I. Rosenberg Poems (1922) 103 Ten immutable rules, a moon For mutable lampless men.
1978 H. Carpenter Inklings (1981) ii. i. 89 She is mutable: in fact she is faithless, is dallying with Diomedes.
3. Biology. Capable of undergoing genetic mutation; liable to mutate frequently.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > [adjective] > changes or actions of genes or chromosomes > mutation > capable of
mutable1905
1905 F. E. Clements Res. Methods Ecol. 319 Mutable, able to produce mutants.
1908 J. A. Thomson Heredity iii. 91 There he [sc. de Vries] found his long-looked-for mutable plant, an evening primrose.
1928 Genetics 13 360 To designate a character showing frequent heritable changes, the terms ‘mutable’, or ‘frequently mutating’ will be used.
1972 Molecular & Gen. Genetics 114 144 (heading) The genetics of a new mutable allele at the white locus in Drosophila melanogaster.
1990 Mutagenesis 5 529/1 Some sites within a gene are more mutable by acridines than others.
4. Astrology. Designating or relating to all or any of four signs of the zodiac, Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius, and Pisces, which are regarded as bestowing certain qualities (usually including intelligence, adaptability, and skill in communication) on people born under them. Contrasted with fixed, cardinal.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > [adjective] > type of sign
obedienta1393
tortuousc1400
ruminant1633
mute1658
masculine1696
mutable1928
1928 E. Adams Astrol. 25 Gemini is an airy, mutable sign, so lacking in stability that it..will nearly always be influenced by some other planet.
1962 J. Lynch Coffee Table Bk. Astrol. iv. 48 In the half-title page introducing each zodiac sign, the sign is denoted as being Fixed, Cardinal, or Mutable.
1973 F. Sakoian & L. S. Acker Astrologer's Handbk. i. 19 The mutable quadruplicity is composed of Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius, and Pisces.
1991 C. Mansall Discover Astrol. 52/1 In common with the four mutable signs of the zodiac, the cadent houses are concerned with the intellect.
B. n.
1. In plural. Things capable of change. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > changeableness > [noun] > changeable person or thing
weathercocka1300
wind?a1513
Proteus1528
chameleon1586
moon's man1598
vane1598
mooncalf1607
remover1609
tarand1641
inconstant1647
mutables1652
changeablea1711
kaleidoscope1819
phantasmagoria1822
palimpsest1845
variable1846
1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 150 Having its inherance in movables or mutables.
2. Grammar and Phonetics. A mutable consonant (see sense A. 1b). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > consonant > [noun]
consonant1603
mutable1767
articulation1849
supradental1881
contoid1943
non-vocoid1943
1767 J. Parsons Remains of Japhet 417 Among the letters which are called mutables, there are two ways by which those are silenced in speaking.
1808 W. Neilson Introd. Irish Lang. i. 4 [Letters] capable of aspiration, or mutables.
1821 E. O'Reilly Irish Dict. Introd. 2 The division of the consonants into mutables and immutables.
3. With the: that which is liable to change.
ΚΠ
1850 R. W. Emerson Montaigne in Representative Men iv. 184 Let a man learn to look for the permanent in the mutable and fleeting.
1882 W. Whitman Leaves of Grass (new ed.) 12 Ever the mutable, Ever materials, changing, crumbling, re-cohering.
1955 A. C. Rich Diamond Cutters 96 What lends us anchor but the mutable?
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.?a1425
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