Napier's bonesn.

Brit.

/ˌneɪpɪəz ˈbəʊnz/, U.S.

/ˈneɪpi(ə)rz ˌboʊnz/

Forms:

α. 1600s Napers bones, 1600s Napiers bones, 1600s Nepiers bones, 1600s– Napier's bones, 1700s Neper's bones.

β. 1800s Napier bones.

Origin: From proper names, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Napier , bone n.¹

Etymology: < the genitive of the name of John Napier (also Neper ), Scottish mathematician (1550–1617) + the plural of bone n.¹ In β. forms < Napier + the plural of bone n.¹

Mathematics.

Several narrow rods or strips of bone, ivory, wood, or other solid material, divided into compartments marked with certain digits, and formerly used to facilitate the operations of multiplication, division, and the extraction of roots according to a method invented by John Napier.The method was described by Napier in his book Rabdologiæ seu Numerationis per Virgulas Libri Duo (1617).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical instruments > [noun] > arithmetical instrument

mesograph1579

mesolabe1579

quipu1581

rods1618

Napier's bones1647

Napier's rods1678

reckoner1757

counter1803

adding machine1822

operameter1830

virgulaa1831

adder1856

computer1869

arithmometer1876

perforation gauge1882

Cuisenaire rod1954

number line1964

number cruncher1966

cruncher1971

1647 J. Hall Poems 31 That crockt &c's were wrinkles, and Five Napers bones glued to a wrest, an hand.

1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 209 A Moon-Dial, with Napiers bones, And severall Constellation-stones.

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Nepiers Bones or Rods.

1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2202/1 Neper's Rods or bones, an instrument invented by J. Neper, baron of Merchiston, in Scotland, whereby the multiplication and division of large numbers are much facilitated.

1834 Edinb. Rev. July 320 The method of calculation invented by Baron Napier,..since called Napier's bones.

1876 Appletons' Jrnl. 22 Apr. 734 There also will be seen the original Napier Bones, the measuring-instruments of Sir Joseph Whitworth, [etc.].

1933 Amer. Math. Monthly 40 174 Among the questions answered were: ‘What are Napier's Bones?’ ‘Why are logarithmic tables made with base e?’ ‘What is Pascal's triangle?’

1960 F. Land Lang. of Math. i. 5 His last work included a description of what are known as Napier's Rods or Napier's Bones. They consist of ten rods, each nine times as long as it is wide, the face of the rod being divided into nine squares.

1999 Sphaera No. 9. 5/4 The instruments themselves include..a set of Napier's bones and two Gunter chains.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	napiers bones
释义	Napier's bonesn. Brit. /ˌneɪpɪəz ˈbəʊnz/, U.S. /ˈneɪpi(ə)rz ˌboʊnz/ Forms: α. 1600s Napers bones, 1600s Napiers bones, 1600s Nepiers bones, 1600s– Napier's bones, 1700s Neper's bones. β. 1800s Napier bones. Origin: From proper names, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Napier , bone n.¹ Etymology: < the genitive of the name of John Napier (also Neper ), Scottish mathematician (1550–1617) + the plural of bone n.¹ In β. forms < Napier + the plural of bone n.¹ Mathematics. Several narrow rods or strips of bone, ivory, wood, or other solid material, divided into compartments marked with certain digits, and formerly used to facilitate the operations of multiplication, division, and the extraction of roots according to a method invented by John Napier.The method was described by Napier in his book Rabdologiæ seu Numerationis per Virgulas Libri Duo (1617). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical instruments > [noun] > arithmetical instrument mesograph1579 mesolabe1579 quipu1581 rods1618 Napier's bones1647 Napier's rods1678 reckoner1757 counter1803 adding machine1822 operameter1830 virgulaa1831 adder1856 computer1869 arithmometer1876 perforation gauge1882 Cuisenaire rod1954 number line1964 number cruncher1966 cruncher1971 1647 J. Hall Poems 31 That crockt &c's were wrinkles, and Five Napers bones glued to a wrest, an hand. 1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. iii. 209 A Moon-Dial, with Napiers bones, And severall Constellation-stones. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Nepiers Bones or Rods. 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2202/1 Neper's Rods or bones, an instrument invented by J. Neper, baron of Merchiston, in Scotland, whereby the multiplication and division of large numbers are much facilitated. 1834 Edinb. Rev. July 320 The method of calculation invented by Baron Napier,..since called Napier's bones. 1876 Appletons' Jrnl. 22 Apr. 734 There also will be seen the original Napier Bones, the measuring-instruments of Sir Joseph Whitworth, [etc.]. 1933 Amer. Math. Monthly 40 174 Among the questions answered were: ‘What are Napier's Bones?’ ‘Why are logarithmic tables made with base e?’ ‘What is Pascal's triangle?’ 1960 F. Land Lang. of Math. i. 5 His last work included a description of what are known as Napier's Rods or Napier's Bones. They consist of ten rods, each nine times as long as it is wide, the face of the rod being divided into nine squares. 1999 Sphaera No. 9. 5/4 The instruments themselves include..a set of Napier's bones and two Gunter chains. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1647
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