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单词 neuroleptic
释义

neurolepticadj.n.

Brit. /njʊərə(ʊ)ˈlɛptɪk/, U.S. /ˌn(j)ʊrəˈlɛptɪk/
Origin: A borrowing from French; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: French neuroleptique.
Etymology: < French neuroleptique (J. Delay and P. Deniker 1955, in Bull. de l'Acad. Nat. de Méd. 139 145) < neuro- neuro- comb. form + -leptique -leptic comb. form, after psycholeptique psycholeptic adj.
Pharmacology.
A. adj.
Designating drugs that reduce agitation and confusion in psychotic patients.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > sedatives, antispasmodics, etc. > [adjective] > tranquillizing
nepenthean1650
tranquillizing1801
ataractic1955
neuroleptic1958
psycholeptic1959
1958 Science 10 Jan. 59/1 Other [terms for psychopharmacologic drugs] are ataraxic.., and neuroleptic and neuroplegic, indicating diminutions in the intensity of nerve functions.
1965 J. Pollitt Depression & its Treatm. v. 67 This drug [sc. chlorpromazine] is neuroleptic, producing Parkinsonism.
1971 Nature 26 Nov. 224/2 All patients remained on their previous neuroleptic medication throughout the study.
1985 Listener 31 Jan. 28/3 The drugs, powerful neuroleptic tranquillisers, often have side-effects, and lead to convulsion.
1995 Guardian 26 Sept. i. 1/5 Without more resources the measures offer little more than a method of compelling patients to take potentially harmful neuroleptic medication.
B. n.
A neuroleptic drug; an antipsychotic drug.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > sedatives, antispasmodics, etc. > [noun] > tranquillizer
settle-brain1629
tranquillizer1800
quietener1856
calmative1870
quietant1874
ataractic1955
neuroleptic1959
downer1966
trank1967
1959 Jrnl. Clin. & Exper. Psychopath. 19 286 We believe..the higher dosage of neuroleptics, combination of neuroleptics with other medications, or combinations of neuroleptics is frequently responsible for the unfavorable reactions.
1968 New Scientist 21 Nov. 417/1 Schizophrenics treated over long periods with neuroleptics have sometimes shown symptoms typical of endogenous depression.
1972 Encycl. Psychol. II. 310/2 After acute application in healthy subjects, even in low doses, neuroleptics only seldom induce motor relaxation and emotional stabilization.
1989 Adverse Drug Reactions 8 31 Hepatic enzyme inducers, particularly barbiturates, increase the rate of metabolism, while neuroleptics inhibit the metabolism of some tricyclics, leading to a rise in plasma concentration.
1995 Independent on Sunday 25 June (Review Suppl.) 79/3 She firmly believes neuroleptics made her son more depressed, and that they may even have contributed to his suicide.

Compounds

neuroleptic anaesthesia n. = neuroleptanaesthesia n.
ΚΠ
1985 Canad. Anaesthetists' Soc. Jrnl. 32 268 Another is the failure of dantrolene pretreatment and neuroleptic anaesthesia to prevent the MHS.
1998 Mirror (Nexis) 19 Nov. 12 It took three hours, under neuroleptic anaesthesia, which is better than general anaesthetic because there's no pain or nausea later.
neuroleptic analgesia n. = neuroleptanalgesia n.
ΚΠ
1978 Jrnl. Internal Med. Res. 6 452 When used for the induction of neuroleptic analgesia, etomidate offers certain benefits.
1991 Jrnl. Neurosurg. 75 694 Treatment involved pretreatment evaluation of cerebral blood flow followed by a preliminary parent vessel test occlusion under neuroleptic analgesia with vigilant neurological monitoring.
neuroleptic malignant syndrome n. a rare, sometimes fatal, complication of neuroleptic drug treatment, characterized by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, and altered autonomic function and consciousness.
ΚΠ
1968 J. Delay & P. Deniker in P. J. Vinken & G. W. Bruyn Dis. Basal Ganglia 258/2 The neuroleptic ‘malignant’ syndrome. It is important to remind ourselves of the most serious but also the rarest and least known of the complications of neuroleptic chemotherapy, that is, the ‘malignant’ syndrome of pallor and hyperthermia.
1989 Western Jrnl. Med. (Nexis) 151 326 Although the pathogenesis of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome remains unclear, it has been proposed that a rapid blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors by large doses of neuroleptic drugs and a hypothalamic disease may underlie this disorder.
1996 Pulse 20 Apr. 42 (advt.) C-I, warnings, etc... Extrapyramidal symptoms and the neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) may occur with both monotherapy and concurrent neuroleptics.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1958
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