nieven.

Brit.

/niːv/, U.S.

/niv/, Scottish English

/niv/, Irish English

/niːv/

Forms:

α. Middle English neeue (chiefly northern), Middle English neeve (chiefly northern), Middle English neue (chiefly northern), Middle English neve (chiefly northern); English regional (chiefly northern) 1600s 1800s– neive, 1600s– neave, 1600s– nieve, 1700s–1800s neeve, 1800s kneove, 1800s neve, 1800s– kneave, 1800s– kneive, 1800s– neeave, 1800s– neighve, 1800s– neyv, 1800s– neyve; Scottish pre-1700 neawe, pre-1700 neeue, pre-1700 neiue, pre-1700 neve, pre-1700 new, pre-1700 newe, pre-1700 nivve, pre-1700 niwe, pre-1700 1700s– neeve, pre-1700 1700s– neive, pre-1700 1700s– nive, pre-1700 1800s– neave, pre-1700 1900s– neiv, 1700s niew, 1700s– nieve, 1800s kneeve, 1800s nivv (northern), 1800s njev (Shetland), 1800s– knev (Orkney and Shetland), 1800s– knive, 1800s– nev (Orkney and Shetland), 1800s– niv (northern), 1900s– nevv (Shetland), 1900s– niev; Irish English (northern) 1800s– neeve, 1800s– nieve, 1900s– neave, 1900s– neeive, 1900s– neive.

β. Middle English neef (chiefly northern), Middle English nef (chiefly northern), Middle English nefe (chiefly northern), Middle English neffe (chiefly northern), 1600s neaf, 1600s neafe, 1600s neaffe; English regional (chiefly northern) 1600s–1700s neiffe, 1700s– neaf, 1700s– neife, 1800s kneaf, 1800s kneeaf, 1800s nefe, 1800s– neeaf, 1800s– neef, 1800s– neif, 1800s– nief; Scottish pre-1700 neefe, pre-1700 nef, pre-1700 nefe, pre-1700 neff, pre-1700 neife, pre-1700 neiff, pre-1700 newf, pre-1700 neyf, pre-1700 neyff, pre-1700 nife, pre-1700 niffe, pre-1700 nyffe, pre-1700 1800s– neef, pre-1700 1800s– neif, pre-1700 1800s– nief, pre-1700 1900s– neaf; Irish English (northern) 1900s– neaf, 1900s– neef.

γ. English regional (chiefly northern) 1700s– nave, 1800s knayve, 1800s– naive, 1900s– knave; Scottish pre-1700 naif, pre-1700 naiff, pre-1700 1800s– nave, 1800s naev (Orkney), 1800s naeve (Orkney), 1900s– knaeve (Orkney), 1900s– knave (Orkney), 1900s– naive (Orkney).

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic hnefi , Old Norwegian nefi (Norwegian neve ), Old Swedish nävi (Swedish näve ), Old Danish neuæ (Danish næve )), cognate with Middle High German neve (only in the compound nevemez fistful; unless this is a borrowing from Scandinavian); further etymology uncertain. The γ. forms may perhaps represent a separate borrowing of a Scandinavian ablaut variant of the same base (compare Norwegian regional nava, Swedish regional nåv, both in the same sense). In Orkney and Shetland use probably via the unattested Norn reflexes of the early Scandinavian words represented by the Scandinavian forms listed above.The β. forms (as also forms in -f in the γ list) show the usual devoicing of final -v (after final -e ceased to be pronounced), a process which occurred in northern Middle English and Older Scots in the 13th cent. The word was used (in sense 1) by Shakespeare (and Ben Jonson: see neufe n.²) and so sometimes by later writers as an archaism and marked regionalism. As an English regional item the word is very rarely attested south of the north midlands: Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. records only two isolated occurrences, one from Devon (neif , 1855) and the other from Gloucestershire (neive , 1868). Surv. Eng. Dial. records pronunciations indicative of α and β forms from Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire, Northumberland, Durham, and Yorkshire; compare also quot. 1995 at sense 1γ. for recent evidence from Lincolnshire.

Chiefly Scottish, English regional (northern), and Irish English (northern).

1. A clenched hand, a fist.In quot. 1949 at α. : a handful or fistful.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > extremities > hand > [noun] > fist

fista900

nievec1300

gripea1555

fistock1567

neufe1602

mauler1820

mallet1821

fives1825

duke1874

knobblies1898

α.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1917 So longe haueden he but and bet With neues under hernes set.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1537 (MED) A fust..on þe parget, purtrayed lettres..Baltazar blusched to þat neve.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 145 Gif he wald strike me..j strike him agayne with my neve.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 581 Newys that stalwart war & squar, That wont to spayn gret speris war.

a1500 (?c1450) Bone Florence (1976) 1634 (MED) The thefe..put the hafte in Florence neeve For sche schulde haue the wyte.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 13889 He nolpit on with his Neue in the necke hole.

1573 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlii. 427 The teindis will not cum in thair neuis, Sa lang as ony of vs leuis.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem ii. 2 Gif he giues ane blow with his neiue..he sall pay to the king sex kye.

1636 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (new ed.) 1552 Quhois throt..You may stop with your neive.

1684 G. Meriton York-shire Dial. 599 She'l deal her Neaves about her, I hear tell.

1685 Lintoun Green (1817) 33 He bash'd his face wi's steeked neaves.

a1758 A. Ramsay Fables xvii. 4 A greedy Callan..Shot his wee nive into the pot.

1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook xxvi, in Poems (new ed.) 63 An honest Wabster..Whase wife's twa nieves were scarce weel-bred.

1793 T. Scott Poems 352 Trade an' plenty, out an' in, Fillt the blythe neeves o'ilka.

1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd I. i. ii. 10 Her nieve was said to be worse than a battering-ram.

1863 A. Steel Poems 48 In very wrath my nieve is shaken.

1895 Chambers's Jrnl. 12 779/2 He stepped forward a pace, his eyes flashing, his nieves clenched.

1925 E. C. Smith Mang Howes 21 An auld herd wui a maud on, an a nibbie in eis neeve.

1949 ‘Lex’ But-end Ballans 23 [He] pulled twa knaeves o' girse.

1994 A. Mackie in J. Robertson Tongue in yer Heid 96 But it was the nieve haudin the pipe to your mou that took me. A quarryman's nieve banes.

β. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 6682 If..þe tane þe toþer smyte wiþ nefe or stane.c1440 (?a1400) Sir Perceval (1930) 2087 (MED) To Perceuell a dynt he ȝefe In þe nekk with his nefe.a1450 York Plays (1885) 268 (MED) Dose noddil on hym with neffes That he noght nappe.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 241 (MED) Ther is noght in thi nefe.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. viii. 106 Mesapus..in hys left neif haldis all reddy Twa sowpill casting speris.1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour 4822 in Wks. (1931) I. 342 Unoccupyit thay hald thame in thare neif.1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxii. 60 Blind Hary with hir to sport and play, With fauldit neif.1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 19 Giue me your neafe, Mounsieur Mustardseede. 1628 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1900) 2nd Ser. II. 256 With his falded niffes.1673 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 35 A Neive or Neiffe: a Fist.1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Neaf, a fist. It is retained in Scotland; and in the plural neaves.1790 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. (ed. 2) Neaf, the fist. North.1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Neif, the fist... Double-neif, the clenched fist.1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! (1889) 70/1 Come, give us thy neif, and let us part in peace.1886 T. Farrall Betty Wilson 2 Mary shak't her neef at meh.1904 ‘H. Foulis’ Erchie xxii It's hung a' roond wi' hunners o' big gless bools, the size o' yer nief.1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 86/1 ‘Gin thoo sez sike wodes to me thoo'll git a taast o' me neeaf.’1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 235/1 Nieve, neive, neeve, neef,..the fist.γ. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvi. 129 With ane trunsioune in [till] his nave, To schir colyne sic dusche he gave.1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour 4822 in Wks. (1931) I. 342 Those spirituall keis quilkis Christ to Peter gaif..Unoccupyit, thay hald thame in their naif [v.r. neif].1566–7 in W. Mackay & H. C. Boyd Rec. Inverness (1911) I. 146 Wyth his naiffis.1570 in W. Fraser Memorials Family Wemyss (1888) II. 200 With his fauld naif.a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 518 This ilk Walter..desirit for to haif That ilk falcone he buir vpoun his naif.1606 in W. Mackay & G. S. Laing Rec. Inverness (1924) II. 34 That day Thomas Squeyar..drawing of the said Murdois bluid with his steked naif..the Judges has decernit the defender to pay fourtie schilling for the bluid laitting.1740 ‘T. Bobbin’ View Lancashire Dial. 25 Seet at black swarfy tyke wi bwoth naves.1841 R. W. Hamilton Nugæ Lit. 337 A violent man threatens to have [heave] his nave.1864 B. Brierley Layrock of Langley-side vii. 93 Put your knayve in th'trough.1872 J. Hartley Yorks. Ditties 1st Ser. 130 He struck his naive o' th' table.1908 Orkney & Shetland Misc. 1 vi. 223 He waas shaffin 'is nave an' daaran ane tae try an' lay a fing-er api' 'im.1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. Nave, neiv, the fist.1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. Neive, Nave, Knave, the fist, the hand.

2. Scottish.

†a. Probably: the handgrip of a sword. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1543 MS Rec. Aberdeen XVIII, in Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1882) IV. 239/1 Ane Frence repar..gardit with blak hiltis..and the neif wewpit with blak virge thred.

b. Orkney and Shetland. The handgrip of an oar.

ΚΠ

1886 J. Burgess Shetland Sketches & Poems 93 Sometimes da foremist een wid ta' his warp ower süne, an' bung da puir eftmist sowl i' da aback wi' da nevs o' da aers.

c1896 W. R. Mackintosh Around Orkney Peat-fires 254 One heroine, seizing the boat's gunwale, laid hold of the broken ‘nave’ of an oar.

1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II. 599/2 Nev, a beak, point; esp. the handle of an oar.

1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. Nave,..the handgrip of an oar.

†3. Scottish. A measure of height or length, esp. used for horses; = handbreadth n. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1672 in C. S. Romanes Sel. Rec. Regality of Melrose (1915) II. 292 Ane..black staige..with tua neive longe of haire in the taill.

1701 J. Brand Descr. Zetland 117 They are of less Size then the Orkney Horses, for some will be but 9 other 10 Nives or Hand-breadths high.

1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. i. 55 Sir William like a Warlock, with a Beard, Five Nives in Length, and white as driven Snaw.

Compounds

† nieve stain n. Scottish Obsolete a small stone suitable for throwing with a closed fist.

ΚΠ

c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. 4508 Nief-stainnis at him fast can thay cast.

1613 in W. Mackay & G. S. Laing Rec. Inverness (1924) II. 112 And war not that sche liftit ane neif stain cuist the sam at the said Elspet.

† nieve strake n. Obsolete rare a blow with the fist.

ΚΠ

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 145 Gif a man wald geve me a nef strake.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	nieve
释义	nieven. Brit. /niːv/, U.S. /niv/, Scottish English /niv/, Irish English /niːv/ Forms: α. Middle English neeue (chiefly northern), Middle English neeve (chiefly northern), Middle English neue (chiefly northern), Middle English neve (chiefly northern); English regional (chiefly northern) 1600s 1800s– neive, 1600s– neave, 1600s– nieve, 1700s–1800s neeve, 1800s kneove, 1800s neve, 1800s– kneave, 1800s– kneive, 1800s– neeave, 1800s– neighve, 1800s– neyv, 1800s– neyve; Scottish pre-1700 neawe, pre-1700 neeue, pre-1700 neiue, pre-1700 neve, pre-1700 new, pre-1700 newe, pre-1700 nivve, pre-1700 niwe, pre-1700 1700s– neeve, pre-1700 1700s– neive, pre-1700 1700s– nive, pre-1700 1800s– neave, pre-1700 1900s– neiv, 1700s niew, 1700s– nieve, 1800s kneeve, 1800s nivv (northern), 1800s njev (Shetland), 1800s– knev (Orkney and Shetland), 1800s– knive, 1800s– nev (Orkney and Shetland), 1800s– niv (northern), 1900s– nevv (Shetland), 1900s– niev; Irish English (northern) 1800s– neeve, 1800s– nieve, 1900s– neave, 1900s– neeive, 1900s– neive. β. Middle English neef (chiefly northern), Middle English nef (chiefly northern), Middle English nefe (chiefly northern), Middle English neffe (chiefly northern), 1600s neaf, 1600s neafe, 1600s neaffe; English regional (chiefly northern) 1600s–1700s neiffe, 1700s– neaf, 1700s– neife, 1800s kneaf, 1800s kneeaf, 1800s nefe, 1800s– neeaf, 1800s– neef, 1800s– neif, 1800s– nief; Scottish pre-1700 neefe, pre-1700 nef, pre-1700 nefe, pre-1700 neff, pre-1700 neife, pre-1700 neiff, pre-1700 newf, pre-1700 neyf, pre-1700 neyff, pre-1700 nife, pre-1700 niffe, pre-1700 nyffe, pre-1700 1800s– neef, pre-1700 1800s– neif, pre-1700 1800s– nief, pre-1700 1900s– neaf; Irish English (northern) 1900s– neaf, 1900s– neef. γ. English regional (chiefly northern) 1700s– nave, 1800s knayve, 1800s– naive, 1900s– knave; Scottish pre-1700 naif, pre-1700 naiff, pre-1700 1800s– nave, 1800s naev (Orkney), 1800s naeve (Orkney), 1900s– knaeve (Orkney), 1900s– knave (Orkney), 1900s– naive (Orkney). Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic hnefi , Old Norwegian nefi (Norwegian neve ), Old Swedish nävi (Swedish näve ), Old Danish neuæ (Danish næve )), cognate with Middle High German neve (only in the compound nevemez fistful; unless this is a borrowing from Scandinavian); further etymology uncertain. The γ. forms may perhaps represent a separate borrowing of a Scandinavian ablaut variant of the same base (compare Norwegian regional nava, Swedish regional nåv, both in the same sense). In Orkney and Shetland use probably via the unattested Norn reflexes of the early Scandinavian words represented by the Scandinavian forms listed above.The β. forms (as also forms in -f in the γ list) show the usual devoicing of final -v (after final -e ceased to be pronounced), a process which occurred in northern Middle English and Older Scots in the 13th cent. The word was used (in sense 1) by Shakespeare (and Ben Jonson: see neufe n.²) and so sometimes by later writers as an archaism and marked regionalism. As an English regional item the word is very rarely attested south of the north midlands: Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. records only two isolated occurrences, one from Devon (neif , 1855) and the other from Gloucestershire (neive , 1868). Surv. Eng. Dial. records pronunciations indicative of α and β forms from Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancashire, Northumberland, Durham, and Yorkshire; compare also quot. 1995 at sense 1γ. for recent evidence from Lincolnshire. Chiefly Scottish, English regional (northern), and Irish English (northern). 1. A clenched hand, a fist.In quot. 1949 at α. : a handful or fistful. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > extremities > hand > [noun] > fist fista900 nievec1300 gripea1555 fistock1567 neufe1602 mauler1820 mallet1821 fives1825 duke1874 knobblies1898 α. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1917 So longe haueden he but and bet With neues under hernes set. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1537 (MED) A fust..on þe parget, purtrayed lettres..Baltazar blusched to þat neve. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 145 Gif he wald strike me..j strike him agayne with my neve. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 581 Newys that stalwart war & squar, That wont to spayn gret speris war. a1500 (?c1450) Bone Florence (1976) 1634 (MED) The thefe..put the hafte in Florence neeve For sche schulde haue the wyte. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 13889 He nolpit on with his Neue in the necke hole. 1573 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlii. 427 The teindis will not cum in thair neuis, Sa lang as ony of vs leuis. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem ii. 2 Gif he giues ane blow with his neiue..he sall pay to the king sex kye. 1636 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (new ed.) 1552 Quhois throt..You may stop with your neive. 1684 G. Meriton York-shire Dial. 599 She'l deal her Neaves about her, I hear tell. 1685 Lintoun Green (1817) 33 He bash'd his face wi's steeked neaves. a1758 A. Ramsay Fables xvii. 4 A greedy Callan..Shot his wee nive into the pot. 1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook xxvi, in Poems (new ed.) 63 An honest Wabster..Whase wife's twa nieves were scarce weel-bred. 1793 T. Scott Poems 352 Trade an' plenty, out an' in, Fillt the blythe neeves o'ilka. 1830 J. Galt Lawrie Todd I. i. ii. 10 Her nieve was said to be worse than a battering-ram. 1863 A. Steel Poems 48 In very wrath my nieve is shaken. 1895 Chambers's Jrnl. 12 779/2 He stepped forward a pace, his eyes flashing, his nieves clenched. 1925 E. C. Smith Mang Howes 21 An auld herd wui a maud on, an a nibbie in eis neeve. 1949 ‘Lex’ But-end Ballans 23 [He] pulled twa knaeves o' girse. 1994 A. Mackie in J. Robertson Tongue in yer Heid 96 But it was the nieve haudin the pipe to your mou that took me. A quarryman's nieve banes. β. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 6682 If..þe tane þe toþer smyte wiþ nefe or stane.c1440 (?a1400) Sir Perceval (1930) 2087 (MED) To Perceuell a dynt he ȝefe In þe nekk with his nefe.a1450 York Plays (1885) 268 (MED) Dose noddil on hym with neffes That he noght nappe.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 241 (MED) Ther is noght in thi nefe.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1960) xii. viii. 106 Mesapus..in hys left neif haldis all reddy Twa sowpill casting speris.1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour 4822 in Wks. (1931) I. 342 Unoccupyit thay hald thame in thare neif.1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxii. 60 Blind Hary with hir to sport and play, With fauldit neif.1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 19 Giue me your neafe, Mounsieur Mustardseede. View more context for this quotation1628 in P. H. Brown Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1900) 2nd Ser. II. 256 With his falded niffes.1673 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 35 A Neive or Neiffe: a Fist.1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Neaf, a fist. It is retained in Scotland; and in the plural neaves.1790 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. (ed. 2) Neaf, the fist. North.1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Neif, the fist... Double-neif, the clenched fist.1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! (1889) 70/1 Come, give us thy neif, and let us part in peace.1886 T. Farrall Betty Wilson 2 Mary shak't her neef at meh.1904 ‘H. Foulis’ Erchie xxii It's hung a' roond wi' hunners o' big gless bools, the size o' yer nief.1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 86/1 ‘Gin thoo sez sike wodes to me thoo'll git a taast o' me neeaf.’1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 235/1 Nieve, neive, neeve, neef,..the fist.γ. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvi. 129 With ane trunsioune in [till] his nave, To schir colyne sic dusche he gave.1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour 4822 in Wks. (1931) I. 342 Those spirituall keis quilkis Christ to Peter gaif..Unoccupyit, thay hald thame in their naif [v.r. neif].1566–7 in W. Mackay & H. C. Boyd Rec. Inverness (1911) I. 146 Wyth his naiffis.1570 in W. Fraser Memorials Family Wemyss (1888) II. 200 With his fauld naif.a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 518 This ilk Walter..desirit for to haif That ilk falcone he buir vpoun his naif.1606 in W. Mackay & G. S. Laing Rec. Inverness (1924) II. 34 That day Thomas Squeyar..drawing of the said Murdois bluid with his steked naif..the Judges has decernit the defender to pay fourtie schilling for the bluid laitting.1740 ‘T. Bobbin’ View Lancashire Dial. 25 Seet at black swarfy tyke wi bwoth naves.1841 R. W. Hamilton Nugæ Lit. 337 A violent man threatens to have [heave] his nave.1864 B. Brierley Layrock of Langley-side vii. 93 Put your knayve in th'trough.1872 J. Hartley Yorks. Ditties 1st Ser. 130 He struck his naive o' th' table.1908 Orkney & Shetland Misc. 1 vi. 223 He waas shaffin 'is nave an' daaran ane tae try an' lay a fing-er api' 'im.1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. Nave, neiv, the fist.1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. Neive, Nave, Knave, the fist, the hand. 2. Scottish. †a. Probably: the handgrip of a sword. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1543 MS Rec. Aberdeen XVIII, in Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (1882) IV. 239/1 Ane Frence repar..gardit with blak hiltis..and the neif wewpit with blak virge thred. b. Orkney and Shetland. The handgrip of an oar. ΚΠ 1886 J. Burgess Shetland Sketches & Poems 93 Sometimes da foremist een wid ta' his warp ower süne, an' bung da puir eftmist sowl i' da aback wi' da nevs o' da aers. c1896 W. R. Mackintosh Around Orkney Peat-fires 254 One heroine, seizing the boat's gunwale, laid hold of the broken ‘nave’ of an oar. 1932 A. Horsbøl tr. J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland II. 599/2 Nev, a beak, point; esp. the handle of an oar. 1988 G. Lamb Orkney Wordbk. Nave,..the handgrip of an oar. †3. Scottish. A measure of height or length, esp. used for horses; = handbreadth n. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1672 in C. S. Romanes Sel. Rec. Regality of Melrose (1915) II. 292 Ane..black staige..with tua neive longe of haire in the taill. 1701 J. Brand Descr. Zetland 117 They are of less Size then the Orkney Horses, for some will be but 9 other 10 Nives or Hand-breadths high. 1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. i. 55 Sir William like a Warlock, with a Beard, Five Nives in Length, and white as driven Snaw. Compounds † nieve stain n. Scottish Obsolete a small stone suitable for throwing with a closed fist. ΚΠ c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1921) II. ii. 4508 Nief-stainnis at him fast can thay cast. 1613 in W. Mackay & G. S. Laing Rec. Inverness (1924) II. 112 And war not that sche liftit ane neif stain cuist the sam at the said Elspet. † nieve strake n. Obsolete rare a blow with the fist. ΚΠ c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 145 Gif a man wald geve me a nef strake. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1300
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