nepn.¹

Brit.

/nɛp/, U.S.

/nɛp/

Forms:

α. Middle English–1600s neppe, Middle English– nep, 1600s nepp.

β. Middle English–1600s nepe, 1500s neape, 1600s neepe.

nepn.²

Brit.

/nɛp/, U.S.

/nɛp/

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps related to nap n.² Compare earlier nep v.

U.S.

A small lump or knot on cotton fibres, resulting from irregular growth or produced during ginning.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > cotton > [noun] > imperfection in

nep1881

1881 J. Butterworth Cotton 23 When the saw-gin is run too quickly the tendency is to whip or string the Cotton, and thus produce neps.

1934 Jrnl. Textile Inst. 25 A 367 Microscopic examinations of white spots in a blue plain cotton fabric and a red velveteen showed that these were due to the presence of undyed neps of dead and immature cotton.

1963 A. J. Hall Textile Sci. ii. 21 These..are liable to collect as small tangled masses (called neps) on the surface of threads and fabrics.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

NEPn.³

Brit.

/nɛp/, U.S.

/nɛp/

Forms: 1900s– NEP, 1900s– N.E.P., 1900s– Nep, 1900s– nep.

Origin: A borrowing from Russian. Etymon: Russian nèp.

Etymology: < Russian nèp, acronym < the initial letters of novaja èkonomičeskaja politika New Economic Policy. Compare French Nep, N.E.P. (1922).In forms NEP , N.E.P. also pronounced as an initialism, perhaps directly < New Economic Policy . In quot. 1922 the Russian genitive singular nèpa has been misinterpreted as a nominative singular.

Soviet History.

A programme of limited capitalism and private enterprise in the Soviet Union from 1921 until 1928, between war communism (see war n.¹ Compounds 4) and the first Five-Year Plan.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions

protection1719

co-operation1817

tariff-reform1859

monetary union1866

border protection1875

rationalization1875

tariffication1892

tariffade1904

inflationism1919

NEP1923

war communism1928

voodoo economics1930

substantivism1931

sterilization1938

deficit spending1941

deficit financing1943

tax-and-spend1956

indexation1960

stop-go1964

incomes policy1965

scala mobile1965

quantitative easing1966

jawboning1969

Nixonomics1969

developmentalism1970

degrowth1971

inflation-proofing1973

NEB1973

dollarization1982

fiscal engineering1982

Rogernomics1985

1922 tr. V. Lenin Speech 27 Mar. in Communist Rev. June 107/2 The basic task of ‘Nepa’ (New Economic Policy),..is to establish a close connection between the socialist economy..and the economy of the peasant masses.]

1923 Foreign Affairs 15 Mar. 141 Such new words as ‘nepman’, to describe the type of men who have developed under the NEP.

1927 19th Cent. Nov. 655 In 1921 the economic catastrophe threatened to bury under its ruins even the Soviet Government. It was then that Lenin proclaimed the New Economic Policy or ‘N.E.P.’

1929 Daily Tel. 22 Jan. 10/7 The Nep..is continually reasserting itself, in spite of the persecution and restrictions under which the Nepmen suffer.

1948 E. Pound Pisan Cantos lxxiv. 19 But in Russia they bungled and did not apparently Grasp the idea of work-certificate And started the N.E.P. with disaster And the immolation of men to machinery.

1971 W. H. McNeill in A. Bullock 20th Cent. 48/1 Extreme economic disruption even compelled Lenin to abandon Communist principles to the extent of allowing limited private trading (NEP or New Economic Policy, 1921).

1990 Sun (Baltimore) 7 Mar. a1/5 The NEP,..Lenin's liberalization of private enterprise to revive the stalled economy in the 1920s, was reversed by..Stalin after Lenin's death.

1993 J. N. Westwood Endurance & Endeavour (ed. 4) xii. 286 Co-operatives had become popular in tsarist times, and by the end of NEP about half the peasant households belonged to them.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† nepv.

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps related to nap v.² Compare nep n.²

U.S. Obsolete.

1. intransitive. Of cotton: to knot during ginning.

ΚΠ

1854 De Bow's Rev. June 597 The spinners think that cotton prepared by it has rather a greater tendency to ‘nep’.

2. transitive. To form knots on (cotton fibre), during ginning.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing cotton > treat or process cotton [verb (transitive)]

gin1700

lap1851

nep1875

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 961 The rough teeth of the saws do not use the fibre gently enough, but cut and ‘nep’ or knot it.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

n.¹a1475

n.²1881

n.³1923

v.1854

单词	nep
释义	nepn.¹ Brit. /nɛp/, U.S. /nɛp/ Forms: α. Middle English–1600s neppe, Middle English– nep, 1600s nepp. β. Middle English–1600s nepe, 1500s neape, 1600s neepe. See also nip n.² Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: nepte n. Etymology: Shortened < nepte n. Compare Dutch neppe (see nepte n.). Compare also nip n.²With the β. forms perhaps compare neep n. Eng. Dial. Dict. (s.v. nep n.¹) records the word from the north and East Anglia in sense ‘catmint’ and from Suffolk in sense ‘ground ivy’ ( Glechoma hederacea, formerly Nepeta Glechoma). Now English regional. 1. Catmint or catnip, Nepeta cataria. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > catnip nepteOE catminta1300 cat-worta1450 nepa1475 nepeta1633 nip1651 catnip1775 catnep1806 α. a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 48 With persoley, sauge, ysope, saveray, A litel nep. 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. bvii^v (MED) Take an herbe that is called Neppe and putt it in a small gut of a Capon. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 247/2 Neppe, an herbe, herbe de chat. 1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 18 He that hath a feruent cough, let him take Neppe [Ger. Nebten], that cattes delite in. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 23 Wild Mint, Nep, Endiue, and Peniroial. 1648 Bp. J. Hall Select Thoughts 148 The Dog when he is stomack-sick can go right to his proper Grass; the Cat to her Nep. 1757 Philos. Trans. 1756 (Royal Soc.) 49 837 Nep, or Cat-mint. On dry banks about hedges. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 6/1 There are 14 species; the most remarkable is the cataria, common nep, or catmint. 1802 A. Ranken Hist. France II. iv. ii. 292 He treats of sage, rue,..ambrosia, nep, radish, the rose. 1888 F. A. Lees Flora W. Yorks. 356 Nepeta Cataria L. Cat-mint. ‘Nep-in-a-hedge’. β. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. B.vij The thyrde kynde is called in latin Nepeta, in englishe Nepe.1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Nebeda Nepes, Nepeta.1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 307 Here grow also the Black Horehound, Spurge, Catminth or Nepe, Liverwort. †2. = calamint n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > labiate plant or plants > [noun] > wild basil calamint1322 mountain calamint1449 horse-thyme1548 corn-mint1551 wild pennyroyal1552 basil1578 fish-basil1597 mountain mint1597 stone basil1597 nep1614 nepitella1926 1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry Table Hard Words Neepe, see Calaminte. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). nepn.² Brit. /nɛp/, U.S. /nɛp/ Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps related to nap n.² Compare earlier nep v. U.S. A small lump or knot on cotton fibres, resulting from irregular growth or produced during ginning. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > cotton > [noun] > imperfection in nep1881 1881 J. Butterworth Cotton 23 When the saw-gin is run too quickly the tendency is to whip or string the Cotton, and thus produce neps. 1934 Jrnl. Textile Inst. 25 A 367 Microscopic examinations of white spots in a blue plain cotton fabric and a red velveteen showed that these were due to the presence of undyed neps of dead and immature cotton. 1963 A. J. Hall Textile Sci. ii. 21 These..are liable to collect as small tangled masses (called neps) on the surface of threads and fabrics. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). NEPn.³ Brit. /nɛp/, U.S. /nɛp/ Forms: 1900s– NEP, 1900s– N.E.P., 1900s– Nep, 1900s– nep. Origin: A borrowing from Russian. Etymon: Russian nèp. Etymology: < Russian nèp, acronym < the initial letters of novaja èkonomičeskaja politika New Economic Policy. Compare French Nep, N.E.P. (1922).In forms NEP , N.E.P. also pronounced as an initialism, perhaps directly < New Economic Policy . In quot. 1922 the Russian genitive singular nèpa has been misinterpreted as a nominative singular. Soviet History. A programme of limited capitalism and private enterprise in the Soviet Union from 1921 until 1928, between war communism (see war n.¹ Compounds 4) and the first Five-Year Plan. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions protection1719 co-operation1817 tariff-reform1859 monetary union1866 border protection1875 rationalization1875 tariffication1892 tariffade1904 inflationism1919 NEP1923 war communism1928 voodoo economics1930 substantivism1931 sterilization1938 deficit spending1941 deficit financing1943 tax-and-spend1956 indexation1960 stop-go1964 incomes policy1965 scala mobile1965 quantitative easing1966 jawboning1969 Nixonomics1969 developmentalism1970 degrowth1971 inflation-proofing1973 NEB1973 dollarization1982 fiscal engineering1982 Rogernomics1985 1922 tr. V. Lenin Speech 27 Mar. in Communist Rev. June 107/2 The basic task of ‘Nepa’ (New Economic Policy),..is to establish a close connection between the socialist economy..and the economy of the peasant masses.] 1923 Foreign Affairs 15 Mar. 141 Such new words as ‘nepman’, to describe the type of men who have developed under the NEP. 1927 19th Cent. Nov. 655 In 1921 the economic catastrophe threatened to bury under its ruins even the Soviet Government. It was then that Lenin proclaimed the New Economic Policy or ‘N.E.P.’ 1929 Daily Tel. 22 Jan. 10/7 The Nep..is continually reasserting itself, in spite of the persecution and restrictions under which the Nepmen suffer. 1948 E. Pound Pisan Cantos lxxiv. 19 But in Russia they bungled and did not apparently Grasp the idea of work-certificate And started the N.E.P. with disaster And the immolation of men to machinery. 1971 W. H. McNeill in A. Bullock 20th Cent. 48/1 Extreme economic disruption even compelled Lenin to abandon Communist principles to the extent of allowing limited private trading (NEP or New Economic Policy, 1921). 1990 Sun (Baltimore) 7 Mar. a1/5 The NEP,..Lenin's liberalization of private enterprise to revive the stalled economy in the 1920s, was reversed by..Stalin after Lenin's death. 1993 J. N. Westwood Endurance & Endeavour (ed. 4) xii. 286 Co-operatives had become popular in tsarist times, and by the end of NEP about half the peasant households belonged to them. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † nepv. Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps related to nap v.² Compare nep n.² U.S. Obsolete. 1. intransitive. Of cotton: to knot during ginning. ΚΠ 1854 De Bow's Rev. June 597 The spinners think that cotton prepared by it has rather a greater tendency to ‘nep’. 2. transitive. To form knots on (cotton fibre), during ginning. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > treating or processing cotton > treat or process cotton [verb (transitive)] gin1700 lap1851 nep1875 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 961 The rough teeth of the saws do not use the fibre gently enough, but cut and ‘nep’ or knot it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.¹a1475n.²1881n.³1923v.1854
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nepn.1

nepn.2

NEPn.3

† nepv.

nepn.¹

nepn.²

NEPn.³