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单词 niece
释义

niecen.

Brit. /niːs/, U.S. /nis/
Forms: Middle English neese, Middle English neis, Middle English nyce, Middle English–1500s nece, Middle English–1500s nees, Middle English–1500s nese, Middle English–1500s neysse, Middle English–1600s nice, Middle English–1700s neece, 1500s neipce, 1500s neise, 1500s neyce, 1500s niepce, 1500s nyepce, 1500s–1600s niese, 1500s– niece, 1600s neace, 1600s neec, 1600s–1800s neice; Scottish pre-1700 nece, pre-1700 neec, pre-1700 neece, pre-1700 neic, pre-1700 neice, pre-1700 neipce, pre-1700 neise, pre-1700 nepce, pre-1700 nes, pre-1700 neyce, pre-1700 nice, pre-1700 niepce, pre-1700 niepse, pre-1700 nis, pre-1700 nyce, pre-1700 1700s– niece, 1800s–1900s niesh.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French nece, niece.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman nece, nice, niece and Old French, Middle French niece daughter of a brother or sister, granddaughter (mid 12th cent.; French nièce ) < post-classical Latin neptia (in undated glosses), replacing (compare -ia suffix1) classical Latin neptis granddaughter, female descendant, in post-classical Latin also niece (4th cent.) < the Indo-European base of nift n.Compare ( < post-classical Latin neptia ) Old Occitan nepsa , nesa , nessa , netsa , neza (all 13th cent.; Occitan nèça ), Italian regional (northern) †neza , nezza , and further ( < post-classical Latin nepta niece (6th cent., replacing classical Latin neptis )) Old Occitan nepta niece, perhaps also ‘granddaughter’ (c1250; Occitan nèta niece, granddaughter), Catalan néta granddaughter (c1200), Portuguese neta , Spanish nieta granddaughter (1124). Application to a male relative in sense 2 may rather reflect Old French nies (see nephew n.), although compare the converse use of nephew for female relatives (nephew n. 2b).
1.
a. A female relative, esp. a cousin. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > female relative
moweOE
niecec1300
cousinessa1375
kinswomanc1400
c1300 Evangelie (Dulwich Coll.) 256 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1915) 30 561 (MED) Þi nece elizabeth lo here þat is in eld fele ȝere, Child nou hauis takin of hire fere.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 7252 Seint edwardes nece, þat of is fader kunde com.
c1330 Lai le Freine in Smith Coll. Stud. Mod. Langs. (1929) 10 iii. 9 ‘Leman,’ he seyd, ‘þou most lat be þe abbesse þi nece & go wiþ me.’
c1390 G. Chaucer Shipman's Tale 1315 This monk bigan upon this wyf to stare, And seyde, ‘Allas, my nece, God forbede [etc.].’
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 10891 Thyne old nyce Elizabeth hath gon with child vj moneth.
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) ii. 814 Adown the steyre anonright tho she wente Into the garden, with hire neces thre.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 98 Ioachym, thy fader, at hame, And anna, my nese and thi dame.
1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 218 Thy trew kynnismen Antenor and Eneas, Throp thy nere nece, and austerne Olibrius.
1592 (?a1425) Chester Plays (BL Add.) (1843) I. 99 (MED) Elizabeth, nece, God thee see.
b. The daughter of one's brother or sister; the daughter of one's brother- or sister-in-law.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > nephew or niece > [noun] > niece
nifteOE
brother daughterOE
niecec1325
nephewa1513
niggie1868
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 4160 (MED) Þe..geaunt..Out of þe lond of spayne come & adde ynome eleyne Þat was so vair, þe kinges nece howel of brutayne.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 4978 Þan told sche how alphouns schuld his nece wedde, & william worþi meliors.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl 233 (MED) Ho watz me nerre þen aunte or nece.
1422 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 50 (MED) I bequeth to sir Ion Skydmore my newewe a girdell of peerles..to Iane myn nece..xx li.
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) ii. 288 Good aventure, O beele nece, have ye Ful lightly founden.
1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) xvii. xix. sig. T.vi Kynge Pelles and Elyaȝar his sone, the whiche were holy men and a mayde which was his nece.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 261v What Augustus would saie when any mencion was made either of Julia his doughter, or Julia his nice.
1576 G. Gascoigne Steele Glas (1868) 71 To tire his wearie wife, His daughters and his niepces euerychone.
1584 W. Warner Pan his Syrinx xxii. 70 The Aunt dismissed but the Niece admitted, the one lacked but the other loued.
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. iii. v. §1. 48 Taking two of Cyrus Daughters, and as many of his Neeces for..wiues.
c1657 W. Mure Hist. Rowallane in Wks. (1898) II. 254 Lord Hammiltoune who had to wife his Nice or sister daughter.
1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity i. iii. 45 His neece by the sister's side.
1723 J. Gay Let. to Swift 3 Feb. Mr. Maxwell, who married a niece of Mr. Meredith's.
1749 H. Fielding Hist. Tom Jones v. 128 You might have married the aunt before this..but that you prefer the niece on account of her ready money.
1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. i. 10 Cautious in her replies to his enquiries after her niece.
1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. xiv. 171 She might by this time have been presented to her, as her future niece . View more context for this quotation
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess ii. 37 O by the bright head of my little niece, You were that Psyche.
1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch IV. 361 Ben and Letty Garth, who were uncle and aunt before they were well in their teens, disputed much as to whether nephews or nieces were more desirable.
1935 J. O'Hara Appointment in Samarra (U.K. ed.) i. 14 Elizabeth Gorman, the fat niece of Harry Reilly,..had embarrassed her uncle by belching loud and unashamed.
1960 C. Day Lewis Buried Day ii. 30 It would take them weeks to get through the doings of brothers, sisters, cousins, nephews and nieces, friends.
2000 N.Y. Times 9 Apr. v26/1 Some days the surf was calm enough for my 5-year-old niece, Anna, to swim on her own.
c. A granddaughter, or more remote female descendant. Chiefly Scottish in later use. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > grandchild > [noun] > grand-daughter
daughter daughtera1382
niecea1387
granddaughter1608
grandgirl1872
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 141 Þat ȝere deide Hilda, abbesse of Whitby..Sche was kyng Edwyn his nese [?a1475 anon. tr. doȝhter of the doȝhter of kynge Edwinus].
c1400 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) Lev. xviii. 10 Gloss. Neece, that is, the douȝtir of thi douȝtir.
c1455 Regiam Majestatem c. 61 Gif than he has cosingis or than nesis of sone or of dochter.
?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 85 A Neysse, Neptis.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) ii. xii. 47 I, the neyce of mychty Dardanus And gude douchtyr onto the blyssit Venus.
1564 in J. Beveridge & G. Donaldson Reg. Secreti Sigilli Regum Scotorum (1957) V. i. 483/2 Margaret Murray, dochter to umquhile Johnne Murray, and nece and apperand air of umquhile James Murray.
1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione s.v., Eneya Ane neipce or maa of ane sonne or dauchter succeedis to their gud-schir or guddame..as thair father or mother suld have done gif that were ȝit living.
a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) I. 12 Alexander the third left no issue behind him, except the daughter of Norway, his neice, by his daughter Margaret.
1782 Will of William Slater (Derbyshire Rec. Office: D3772/E46/6/1) To my Neece Sarah Devil The Daughter of Arter Devil The Som of Five Pound.
d. euphemistic. An illegitimate daughter. Cf. nephew n. 1b. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > daughter > [noun] > illegitimate daughter > of an ecclesiastic
niece1858
1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table in Atlantic Monthly May 877/1 Many a Holy Father's ‘niece’ Has softly smoothed the papal chair.
2. A male relative, esp. a nephew. Now U.S. (in African-American usage).
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > nephew or niece > [noun] > nephew
gadlingeOE
neveeOE
nephewc1325
niecea1382
nea1387
sisterc1390
nepote1519
neposa1600
Welsh nephew1799
nevvy1819
neef1838
nefie1951
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. xxxi. 43 What may I do to my sonns, and to my necez [a1425 L.V. sones of sones, L. nepotibus]?
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 341 Giraldus seiþ þat Casera, Noes nece [ Hrl. son of the douȝhter of Noe], dradde þe flood.
c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 7168 (MED) Alle the gret blod of Grece Ben some his Emes, and some his nece.
a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 2200 The king..said, ‘Sir gawan, nece, why dois yow so?’
c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1927) III. ii. 6994 Said Clarus, Nece, of that seiknes I sall be wareist weill at eis.
a1592 R. Greene Comicall Hist. Alphonsus (1599) ii. sig. B4v Seeking about the troups of Aragon, For to encounter with his traiterous Neece.
c1626 H. Bisset Rolment Courtis (1922) II. 370 Sanct Fruce oy or nice to King Ewgenius..wes patrone of Piron.
1671 in Amer. Speech (1965) 50 236 My loving neece, Charles Williams, son to my well-loved brother.
1950 Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xiv. 48 Niece,..a niece or a nephew. Coastal Negro usage.
1981 L. A. Pederson et al. Ling. Atlas Gulf States 0553/096 Niece, used by Blacks to mean..nephew.
3. Used as a form of address to a woman. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > woman > [noun] > as form of address
womanc1225
madamc1300
sisterc1450
niece1488
girl1562
Madonna1584
young woman1683
princess1709
Sitt1838
babe1911
modom1920
mama1979
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 275 ‘Der nece’, he said,..‘Is my Eyme dede, or hou the cace befell?’

Compounds

niece-elect n. Obsolete rare a person chosen or intended to become one's niece.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > nephew or niece > [noun] > niece > niece-in-law
niece-in-law1536
niece-elect1748
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. xxiv. 208 How I long to see my niece-elect! cries one—For they are told, that we are not married.
niece-in-law n. the wife of one's nephew.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > nephew or niece > [noun] > niece > niece-in-law
niece-in-law1536
niece-elect1748
1536 T. Cranmer Let. 7 Sept. in J. Strype Mem. Cranmer (1694) i. xii. 46 Sister and Sister-in-Law, Aunt & Aunt-in-Law, Niece and Niece-in-Law.
1844 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. May 486/2 The wife of Dr. Johnson's old rival, the niece-in-law of Swift's friend, and the mother of Richard Brinsley.
1908 Daily Chron. 5 Nov. 5/3 £1,000 to his niece-in-law.
1987 Amer. Lit. 59 624 At the end of her story, she reveals her fondness for her niece-in-law.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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