nihilistn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈnʌɪ(h)ᵻlɪst/,

/ˈnɪhᵻlɪst/,

/ˈniː(h)ᵻlɪst/, U.S.

/ˈnaɪələst/,

/ˈniəlᵻst/

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Latin nihil , -ist suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin nihil nothing (see nihil n.) + -ist suffix, after German Nihilist (1804 in Jean Paul) and nihilism n. Compare French nihiliste (1761 in religious sense, 1797 in philosophical sense, 1877 in sense A. 2), Spanish nihilista (1886 as adjective, 1891 as noun), Italian nichilista (1878, < French or German), Russian nigilist , noun (1829 in sense ‘person lacking in education and cultural refinement’, 1862 in sense A. 2 in Turgenev's novel Fathers & Children), nigilističeskij, adjective (1898 or earlier), nigilistskij, adjective (1938 or earlier). N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (nəi·hilist) /ˈnaɪhɪlɪst/.

A. n.

1. A person having a nihilistic outlook; spec. one professing metaphysical or ontological nihilism.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scepticism > [noun] > nihilism > nihilist

nihilist1854

society > faith > aspects of faith > theism > atheism > [noun] > person

wanbelieverc1440

unbeliever1526

infidela1530

nullifidian1564

atheist1571

sceptic1638

disbeliever1648

non-believer1649

scorner1651

scoffer1691

sceptic-Christian1711

nothingarian1776

nothingist1797

no-religionist1827

nihilist1854

netheist1855

non-theist1857

agnostic1869

nescient1872

post-Christian1886

bush baptist1902

no-Goddite1952

society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [noun] > nihilism > Nihilist

nothingarian1820

nihilist1854

1854 M. Evans tr. L. Feuerbach Essence Christianity 28 We must say with the oriental nihilist or pantheist.

a1856 W. Hamilton Lect. Metaphysics (1859) I. xvi. 294 Philosophers..are divided..into Nihilists or Non-Substantialists [etc.].

1874 J. Parker Paraclete xviii. 290 David Hume..has been correctly described as a nihilist; 'he denied everything and affirmed nothing'.

1908 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics I. 48/1 The Nihilists..say that there is no permanent reality underlying the world.

1958 Philos. Q. 8 9 Some nihilists among the classical analysts soon became nonphilosophical students of artificial languages with materialism (physicalism) as their implicit metaphysics.

1976 New Yorker 12 Jan. 22/1 Just being there must make the average armchair nihilist want to argue with his fellow-man.

1983 R. Short Gospel from Outer Space i. 11 Nihilists will soon be forced to see all sorts of imaginary escapes from the demeaning, demoralizing, and deadening pointlessness of their lives.

1994 Noûs 28 242 We are stuck with holism (with its supposedly dire consequences), or we must become semantic nihilists.

2. Usually in form Nihilist. A supporter of a revolutionary movement in 19th-cent. and early 20th-cent. Russia, which rejected all systems of government, sought the complete overthrow of the established order, and was willing to use terrorism to achieve this end. Also (in extended use): a terrorist, a revolutionary. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > revolutionary > participant in specific revolution

regicide1648

revolutioner1690

sansculotte1790

federate1793

regicide1793

terrorist1794

Thermidorian1801

tricoteuse1828

filibuster1854

nihilist1868

peshmerga1963

1868 Aug. Boboruikin Nihilism in Russia in Fortn. Rev. 4 133 If he is a Nihilist, he should profess exclusively negative and abolitionary doctrines.

1880 19th Cent. Jan. 1 It is because ‘nothing’ as it exists at present finds favour in their eyes that they have been called ‘Nihilists’.

1887 T. A. Trollope What I Remember II. xiii. 235 He was a Nihilist of the most uncompromising type.

1916 E. R. Burroughs Beasts of Tarzan xviii. 272 In the cabin were arms and ammunition, and..one of those infernal machines, the construction of which had occupied..Paulvitch's spare time when he had stood high in the confidence of the Nihilists of his native land.

1949 S. J. Perelman Let. 17 June in Don't tread on Me (1987) 98 It was sweet of you to send along the clipping about us Nihilists who are proscribed by the American Legion... It is an illustrious catalogue of saboteurs.

1987 M. McCarthy How I Grew ii. 31 ‘Intelligentsia’ had included bohemians..as well as..nihilists, teachers, doctors.

B. adj. (attributive).

1. = nihilistic adj. 2. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [adjective] > principles or policies

nihilistic1868

nihilist1872

Bolshevik1907

bolshie1918

Menshevik1918

Bolshevistic1920

Bolshevized1920

red1920

1872 Ann. Reg. 1871 Foreign Hist. 229 ‘Nihilist’ trials in Russia.

1880 Standard 22 Dec. Another Nihilist leader has been arrested.

1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 315/2 Nihilist proclamations have continued to be placarded.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 562/2 Alexander II. had been much exercised by the spread of Nihilist doctrines and the increasing number of anarchist conspiracies.

1982 R. Scruton Dict. Polit. Thought 324/2 S. G. Nechayev..collaborated with Bakunin in writing The Revolutionary Catechism, 1869 in which the nihilist hero, a terrorist, without property, morality or attachments, is described.

2. = nihilistic adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scepticism > [adjective] > of other doctrines and their adherents

Humean1800

nihilistic1848

fallibilista1914

nihilist1925

fallibilistic1934

1925 R. Jeffers Point Pinos in Roan Stallion 236 Sea-hawks wander the huge gray water, alone in a nihilist simplicity.

1972 Daily Tel. 28 Nov. 12/7 Dada was fostered by its nihilist aspects and from there we can trace the seeds of multi-media kineticism, underground cinema, and even the liquid theatre.

1984 D. Cupitt Sea of Faith vii. 189 The chief remaining difference is that those who stand at the nihilist end of the spectrum put ethics first, regarding ‘reality’ as created by the will.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nihilist
释义	nihilistn.adj. Brit. /ˈnʌɪ(h)ᵻlɪst/, /ˈnɪhᵻlɪst/, /ˈniː(h)ᵻlɪst/, U.S. /ˈnaɪələst/, /ˈniəlᵻst/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: Latin nihil , -ist suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin nihil nothing (see nihil n.) + -ist suffix, after German Nihilist (1804 in Jean Paul) and nihilism n. Compare French nihiliste (1761 in religious sense, 1797 in philosophical sense, 1877 in sense A. 2), Spanish nihilista (1886 as adjective, 1891 as noun), Italian nichilista (1878, < French or German), Russian nigilist , noun (1829 in sense ‘person lacking in education and cultural refinement’, 1862 in sense A. 2 in Turgenev's novel Fathers & Children), nigilističeskij, adjective (1898 or earlier), nigilistskij, adjective (1938 or earlier). N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (nəi·hilist) /ˈnaɪhɪlɪst/. A. n. 1. A person having a nihilistic outlook; spec. one professing metaphysical or ontological nihilism. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scepticism > [noun] > nihilism > nihilist nihilist1854 society > faith > aspects of faith > theism > atheism > [noun] > person wanbelieverc1440 unbeliever1526 infidela1530 nullifidian1564 atheist1571 sceptic1638 disbeliever1648 non-believer1649 scorner1651 scoffer1691 sceptic-Christian1711 nothingarian1776 nothingist1797 no-religionist1827 nihilist1854 netheist1855 non-theist1857 agnostic1869 nescient1872 post-Christian1886 bush baptist1902 no-Goddite1952 society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [noun] > nihilism > Nihilist nothingarian1820 nihilist1854 1854 M. Evans tr. L. Feuerbach Essence Christianity 28 We must say with the oriental nihilist or pantheist. a1856 W. Hamilton Lect. Metaphysics (1859) I. xvi. 294 Philosophers..are divided..into Nihilists or Non-Substantialists [etc.]. 1874 J. Parker Paraclete xviii. 290 David Hume..has been correctly described as a nihilist; 'he denied everything and affirmed nothing'. 1908 Encycl. Relig. & Ethics I. 48/1 The Nihilists..say that there is no permanent reality underlying the world. 1958 Philos. Q. 8 9 Some nihilists among the classical analysts soon became nonphilosophical students of artificial languages with materialism (physicalism) as their implicit metaphysics. 1976 New Yorker 12 Jan. 22/1 Just being there must make the average armchair nihilist want to argue with his fellow-man. 1983 R. Short Gospel from Outer Space i. 11 Nihilists will soon be forced to see all sorts of imaginary escapes from the demeaning, demoralizing, and deadening pointlessness of their lives. 1994 Noûs 28 242 We are stuck with holism (with its supposedly dire consequences), or we must become semantic nihilists. 2. Usually in form Nihilist. A supporter of a revolutionary movement in 19th-cent. and early 20th-cent. Russia, which rejected all systems of government, sought the complete overthrow of the established order, and was willing to use terrorism to achieve this end. Also (in extended use): a terrorist, a revolutionary. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > revolutionary > participant in specific revolution regicide1648 revolutioner1690 sansculotte1790 federate1793 regicide1793 terrorist1794 Thermidorian1801 tricoteuse1828 filibuster1854 nihilist1868 peshmerga1963 1868 Aug. Boboruikin Nihilism in Russia in Fortn. Rev. 4 133 If he is a Nihilist, he should profess exclusively negative and abolitionary doctrines. 1880 19th Cent. Jan. 1 It is because ‘nothing’ as it exists at present finds favour in their eyes that they have been called ‘Nihilists’. 1887 T. A. Trollope What I Remember II. xiii. 235 He was a Nihilist of the most uncompromising type. 1916 E. R. Burroughs Beasts of Tarzan xviii. 272 In the cabin were arms and ammunition, and..one of those infernal machines, the construction of which had occupied..Paulvitch's spare time when he had stood high in the confidence of the Nihilists of his native land. 1949 S. J. Perelman Let. 17 June in Don't tread on Me (1987) 98 It was sweet of you to send along the clipping about us Nihilists who are proscribed by the American Legion... It is an illustrious catalogue of saboteurs. 1987 M. McCarthy How I Grew ii. 31 ‘Intelligentsia’ had included bohemians..as well as..nihilists, teachers, doctors. B. adj. (attributive). 1. = nihilistic adj. 2. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > Russian politics > [adjective] > principles or policies nihilistic1868 nihilist1872 Bolshevik1907 bolshie1918 Menshevik1918 Bolshevistic1920 Bolshevized1920 red1920 1872 Ann. Reg. 1871 Foreign Hist. 229 ‘Nihilist’ trials in Russia. 1880 Standard 22 Dec. Another Nihilist leader has been arrested. 1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 315/2 Nihilist proclamations have continued to be placarded. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 562/2 Alexander II. had been much exercised by the spread of Nihilist doctrines and the increasing number of anarchist conspiracies. 1982 R. Scruton Dict. Polit. Thought 324/2 S. G. Nechayev..collaborated with Bakunin in writing The Revolutionary Catechism, 1869 in which the nihilist hero, a terrorist, without property, morality or attachments, is described. 2. = nihilistic adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scepticism > [adjective] > of other doctrines and their adherents Humean1800 nihilistic1848 fallibilista1914 nihilist1925 fallibilistic1934 1925 R. Jeffers Point Pinos in Roan Stallion 236 Sea-hawks wander the huge gray water, alone in a nihilist simplicity. 1972 Daily Tel. 28 Nov. 12/7 Dada was fostered by its nihilist aspects and from there we can trace the seeds of multi-media kineticism, underground cinema, and even the liquid theatre. 1984 D. Cupitt Sea of Faith vii. 189 The chief remaining difference is that those who stand at the nihilist end of the spectrum put ethics first, regarding ‘reality’ as created by the will. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1854
随便看	philanthropize perpetual student perpetual time-table perpetual timetable perpetual-flowering perpetual-flowering carnation perpetualflowering perpetualflowering carnation perpetualism perpetualist perpetualistic perpetualists perpetualities perpetuality perpetually perpetualness perpetuals perpetualty perpetuana perpetuana-suited perpetuanasuited perpetuance perpetuances perpetuant perpetuate