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northernadj.n.adv. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old High German nordrōni , Old Icelandic norðrœnn < the Germanic base of north adv. + the Germanic base of -ern suffix. Compare southern adj. and n.1, eastern adj. and n., western adj., n.2, and adv.The β. and γ. forms first appear in the 14th cent., and probably reflect different outputs of syllabic /r/ (which had arisen in the second syllable by the development of /-ərn/ to /-r̩n/: see further E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §329). Perhaps compare also Old Icelandic norðrœnn . Also attested early as a surname (in sense A. 2a): William le Northerne (1252), Galfr. le Northern (c1275), Gilberto le Northeren (1305), etc. In sense A. 8 punningly after Southern n.2 A. adj.the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > from specific point of compass eOE (partly from transcript of damaged MS) vi. 13 Eac þa ruman sæ norðerne yst nede gebædeð. OE lxxvii. 26 Transtulit austrum de caelo et induxit in uirtute sua affricum : he ferade suþaneasterne wind of heofonan & he onbelædde on his mihte þane wind uel norðerne wind. c1300 St. Patrick's Purgatory (Laud) 333 in C. Horstmann (1887) 209 A norþerne wind faste blevȝ. a1350 in G. L. Brook (1968) 48 (MED) Blow, northerne wynd, sent þou me my suetyng! a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f.114v Ȝif þe sonne..is pale and falliþ among blake clowdis, he bodiþ norþerne wynde [L. ventum aquilonarem]. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius (Douce) f. 114v (MED) The ferthe principal wynde is þe northerne wynde, þe whiche haþ on his right side þe north west wynde and on his liftside þe north est wynde. 1480 (Caxton) ccxxxii. 252 That northren wynde is euer redy and destinat to all euell. 1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus ii. xiii. 51 The northren windes droue him backe againe. 1638 T. Herbert (rev. ed.) 219 Another cold northern blast benummed her. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter ii. i. 116 The northern winds are never to be apprehended. 1785 W. Cowper vi. 60 Where the woods fence off the northern blast. 1820 P. B. Shelley Sensitive Plant in 172 A northern whirlwind..Shook the boughs. 1850 G. H. Boker iii. v. 109 Henry..Rode, with the hurry of a northern gale, Towards Hever's heights. 1924 B. C. Williams in p. xvi Their terror was of..the nipping night, and the northern wind. 1993 7 98 During..December and January there is a high degree of atmospheric dust..brought by a northern wind..from the Sahara. 2. Of a person or group of people. the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of specific region > [adjective] > northern people eOE (Parker) anno 890 Godrum se norþerna cyning forþferde. OE Ælfric (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxi. 204 Hine gelæhton ða sume þæs norðernan folces. lOE (Laud) anno 1064 Þa norðerne men dydan mycelne hearme abutan Hamtune. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Calig.) (1978) l. 15641 He þat norðerne uolc hæuede ineouðered ful swiðe. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) ii. 26 Bot þe Northeren men [Fr. Les malvays Norays] held him no leaute. a1500 (Rawl.) (1896) 117 (MED) For in this lond as in al othyr, the nordryn [a1525 Trin. Dub. northeren] men ben sturdier and smyrtyr to fyght than othyr. 1569 R. Grafton II. 652 Meaning to haue..a southrene Byll, to counteruayle a Northren bastard. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden i. 533 Contention betweene the Northren and Southren students at Oxford. 1671 J. Milton iii. 337 When Agrican with all his Northern powers Besieg'd Albracca. 1712 J. Addison No. 415. ¶3 Frosts and Winters, which make the Northern Workmen lie half the Year Idle. 1773 S. Johnson 24 Feb. (1992) II. 8 My northern friends have never been unkind to me. 1861 M. Pattison in Apr. 405 A powerful coalition of northern princes to resist the encroachments of Rome. 1884 A. R. Pennington ii. 52 Wiclif, as a northern-man, had made common cause with the northern party. 1915 W. Cather iii. iv. 277 About her beauty? She has great possibilities, but you can never tell about those Northern women. 1988 69 562 Pachelbel has..an unassuming manner which eschews the extravagant, bizarre gestures of his northern colleagues. the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [adjective] > U.S.A. > northern states 1789 28 Apr. (1834) I. 227 Are the Northern people made of finer clay? 1836 J. Q. Adams 10 June in W. C. Ford (1902) The change of dynasty from the Tennessean Hero to the Northern Man with Southern principles. 1849 C. Lyell II. 35 These Northern settlers are compelled to preserve a discreet silence..when in the society of Southern slave-owners. 1890 G. A. Henty 96 In Virginia it was very seldom that the Northern generals could obtain any trustworthy information. 1929 M. M. Andrews 22 Every decent creature in it [sc. Uncle Tom's Cabin] was a southerner—all the rascals..were northern men. 1964 D. M. Kaplan & A. Schwerner 269 The grubby pluralistic farrows of Northern man are replete with a viscous toleration which dampens the heart's spontaneous movements. 1981 T. Clark Twisters in the Badlands..now are moving off to test the northern settlers. 3. the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > North > [adjective] a1225 ( Bounds (Sawyer 657) in S. E. Kelly (2001) 331 On Land broc, &lang broces to þam norþarn [perh. read norþran] Deneceswurþe gemæra. c1400 ( Bounds in J. Earle (1888) 432 Swa on þone norðernna [perh. read norðernan] weg on þa stygela. 1590 E. Spenser ii. x. sig. X6 Albanact had all the Northerne part. a1686 J. Gordon in W. Macfarlane (1907) II. 509 Dungisbie head..the most nordern poynt in Scotland. 1699 H. Blount in S. Garth (ed. 2) Pref. The People of the Northern Zone. 1719 D. Defoe 328 The Northern Ocean bounds the Land also on that side. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter ii. ii. 136 We espied a sail in the northern quarter. 1987 7 Jan. 2/1 Heavy rains had ripped through five northern coastal provinces. 1678 N. Wanley i. xxxviii. 86/1 Divers Voyages made by Venetian Embassadours to the Princes of the Northern Asia, into Æthiopia, and to other Countries. 1797 2 Feb. 3/3 It certainly is a happiness which Northern Germany cannot sufficiently praise, to see itself entirely freed, not only from the miseries of this ravaging war, but also from all the inconveniences connected with it. 1830 C. Lyell I. xviii. 325 Not wholly beyond the range of earthquakes in Northern Italy. 1872 J. Morley i. 4 The Reformation, the great revival of northern Europe. 1968 11 June 5/1 The minister, who travelled with Premier Thatcher to Ile a La Crosse and Buffalo Narrows in northern Saskatchewan last week. 2009 J. Struthers 44 You can see the mute swan in most of the United Kingdom, although you won't find it in parts of northern Scotland and mid Wales. 4. the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > North > [adjective] > character c1385 G. Chaucer 1987 The northren light in at the dores shoon. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) i. 2791 Sothron dere gos northward & northren [a1450 Lamb. Norþerne] were to þe south is hard. 1428–9 in H. Littlehales (1905) 70 A tonne..of northerin ston for þe new chirche porche. 1485 (Caxton) i. iii–v. sig. a.iij Kyng Vthers men ouercome the northeryn bataylle and slewe many peple & putt the remenaunt to flight. 1543 ( (1812) 261 (MED) His brother Geffray..Archbyshop was of Yorke then newe electe, The northren churche vnder him to be protecte. 1611 Jer. xv. 12 Shall yron breake the Northren yron, and the steele? View more context for this quotation 1682 J. Dryden 11 Sir Formal..attends thy Quill, And doth thy Northern Dedications fill. 1748 D. Hume National Characters in (ed. 3) xxiv. 280 The more southern [languages] are smooth and melodious, the northern harsh and untuneable. 1805 J. H. Tooke (ed. 2) II. iv. 270 The Northern origin [of language] is totally out of sight. 1813 W. Scott iii. xxiv. 167 Pallid beams of northern day. 1882 ‘Ouida’ I. i. 23 The old woman with the northern eyes. 1949 H. Kurath 31/2 For a fence built of loose stone the North Midland uses stone fence as against the Northern stone wall and the Southern rock fence. 1987 Oct. 23/1 Rothko's painting..could..usefully be seen as coming at the very end of a Northern Romantic tradition. a1470 T. Malory (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 32 Now shall we se..how thes northirne Bretons can bere theire armys! c1645 J. D. Howell (1650) I. 377 Yet hath she divers subdialects, as the western and Northern English, but her chiefest is the Scotick. 1781 E. Gibbon II. xxvi. 619 The Northern Barbarians were astonished, and dismayed, by the inhuman ferocity of the Barbarians of the South. 1845 H. R. Schoolcraft 254 The cereal chorus or corn-song, as sung by the Northern Algonquin tribes. 1903 G. E. C. Casey (ed. 2) liii. 377 The ‘Language d'Oil’, or northern French was spoken by men more warlike and more barbarous. 1965 41 303 Two Hokanists..have examined the..subgrouping labelled Northern Hokan. 1995 17 Mar. 30/2 Guerero was one of only two living speakers of Northern Pomo. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric from specific place > [adjective] 1523 c. 1 Northerne whites, commonly named and called dosins. c1604 in (1972) (modernized text) 445 Towns and villages which do only make Kendal cloth, called northern cottons. 1627 T. Middleton iii. ii Is it because your worshipful master feeds you with lean spits, pays you with Irish money, or clothes you in northern dozens? 1640 Tables Rates & Duties in J. Entick (1766) II. 179 Woollen Drapery—Devonshire dozens..Northern dozens. 1936 7 58 The letters mention three grades of kerseys..northern kerseys were the lowest grade. 1969 22 236 The port traded mainly with France and Ireland, shipping Kent and north-country broadcloth, northern dozens and kersies. 1995 48 562 (heading) Northern cottons. ?1563 in I. W. Archer et al. (2003) 109 The northern iorney being stayed, the l. keeper, Pembrocke, Clinton, the secretary much advysed the quene to..consider the state of Fraunce. 1589 T. Cooper 248 In the Northren rebellion. 1669 Lady Chaworth in (1890) App. V. 12 They talk heere as if the King would goe a northerne progresse this summer. 1813 J. Austen II. v. 50 The prospect of her northern tour was a constant source of delight. View more context for this quotation 1992 Dec. (Insert between pp. 24–25) (advt.) Here's a choice of three northern adventures, two on wilderness rivers and one hiking adventure. 1587–8 in F. G. Emmison (1998) (modernized text) XI. 13 3 of my beasts to her part, i.e. the Northern heifer. 1593–4 in F. G. Emmison (1998) (modernized text) XI. 100 My little Northern cow. 1731 P. Miller I. at Acetosa The Northern barren Sorrel is preferr'd in the Kitchen-Garden. 1771 J. R. Forster 24 Potentilla Norvegica, northern Cinquefoil, Canada. 1857 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1856: Agric. 86 in (34th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 65, Pt. 4) XVI One of their greatest enemies in this vicinity is the Northern shrike, or butcher-bird. 1878 C. Hallock 323 Northern Sunfish, Lepomis pallidus. 1936 D. McCowan xx. 182 The Northern Flying squirrel is the type native to the Canadian Rockies. 1994 12 Mar. 28/2 The species that like the lights most—such as the northern bat (Eptesicus nilssonii) in Sweden and the pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) in Britain—tend to be the least endangered. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso iii. lxiv. 52 Against the northren gate his force he bent. 1818 P. B. Shelley 4 Like the sea on a northern shore. 1845 5 380 The minor ranges South of the Himalaya are clothed with forests on their Northern aspect. 1888 C. E. Yate XV. 223 The fort..is..built on an artificial mound, about 30 feet high, with the gate on the northern face. 1911 D. H. Lawrence i. vi. 87 On the northern slopes lay its pasture and arable lands. 1994 R. G. M. Friend i. 24 The northern aspect in the Northern Hemisphere may be too cold and dark, being on the sunless side of the garden. 2007 J. Bawden-Davis v. 58 African violets thrive along the northern windows. 1979 12 Oct. 128 (advt.) Transa-Bind can be used to transfer RNA or proteins in ‘Northern’ blots, following procedures of Alwine, et al. 1981 112 195/1 An adaptation of the ‘Southern’ blot is the covalent attachment of fractionated RNA (or DNA) to diazobenzyloxymethyl paper..in order to probe for complementary DNA sequences (‘Northern’ blotting). 1988 Nov. 158 When used for Northern hybridizations, an 8 kb mRNA from newborn mouse epithelium was identified. 1990 2 1048/2 Twenty micrograms of RNA were electrophoresed on a Northern gel. 1994 22 Jan. 49/2 (advt.) The project is to map the mutation to a cosmid contig and isolate and characterise the wild type allele by sequencing and Northern blotting. 2000 15 July 84/1 (advt.) Post will mainly involve analysis of serum and tissue samples by radioimmunassay, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and northern analysis. B. n. 1. the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of specific region > [noun] > northern people a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 163 (MED) Men of myddel Engelond..vnderstondeþ bettre þe side langages..þan northerne and souþerne vnderstondeþ eiþer oþer. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) ii. 26 Þorȝh þe gode Northeren, slayn wer ilkaman. 1622 M. Drayton xxii. 48 He durst not trust The Northerne, which so oft to him had been vniust. the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of specific region > [noun] > northern people > person 1774 G. Low (1879) 107 This kind of poetry being..most fitted to the genius of the Northerns. 1813 J. C. Eustace II. ii. 42 In the opinion of a phlegmatic northern. 1871 16 Aug. Sir Walter Scott..is our common countryman. He made us northerns and us southerns conscious of one flesh and blood. 1896 L. Morris 110 You Northerns, through whose veins the tepid blood Creeps slowly. 1997 17 July 50/4 Southerners [of the Netherlands], for their part, call Northerns ‘the Dour ones’. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric from specific place > [noun] a1592 R. Greene (1598) iv. sig. G3 Let my dubblet bee white Northren, fiue groates the yard. 1612 T. Aldworth et al. Let. 25 Jan. in F. C. Danvers (1896) i. 235 We made sale of..northerns at 6 ma. the covad. 3. 1598 J. Florio We must saie as that..Prelate said, when he came new out of the South into the North, and was saluted with a womans sute in Northren. Now what is that in English? 1992 T. Lewis (BNC) 30 ‘I changed me mind,’ she said. There was a trace of a London accent on top of her broad Northern. the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > English > American English 1947 C. K. Thomas xxi. 144 General American..sometimes called Northern, or Western, or Northern and Western. 1975 48 55 In Iowa and southern Minnesota this infiltration did not obliterate the dialect boundary between Midland in the southern two-thirds of Iowa, and Northern in the Northern third. the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind with reference to direction > winds from specific compass points > north 1777 L. Carter 26 Apr. (1965) II. 1101 Yesterday 2 minutes Gust, has really awakened the cold Northern so much that..I feel a kind of winter advancing. 1818 J. Keats iii. 141 He tore it into pieces small as snow That drifts unfeather'd when bleak northerns blow. the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Esocidae (pikes) > [noun] > esox lucius (true pike) 1950 Wisconsin Eng. Lang. Surv. Suppl. in (1996) III. 822 [Kinds of fish that are good to eat, commonly caught in your neighborhood] 1 Inf[ormant], Northern. 1968 9 May 3/1 The northerns are working up creeks to shallow ponds to carry on their spawning activities as well as along shallow bays. 1985 J. Nichols iv. 20 Chet showed me how to gut and fillet walleyes and northerns. 1994 June 91/1 (advt.) We're the leaping off spot to some of the greatest fishing on the continent. Trout, salmon, northern—we've got them all. †C. adv.the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adverb] > in English 1614 T. Overbury et al. Characters in sig. F3v Hee speakes Northerne, what countryman soeuer. Compounds society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > vessels of primitive construction > [noun] > canoe of indigenous peoples > bark a1821 R. Hood (1974) 110 Late on the 21st Mr. Robertson, of the Hudson's Bay Company arrived, and furnished us with a guide, but desired that he might be exchanged when we met the northern canoes. 1990 (Nexis) 10 Feb. g6 Four 39-cent stamps are due on March 18 showing a fishing dory, a York boat used in the fur trade, a northern canoe, and a pointer used in the lumber industry. the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Ursa Major > Charles's Wain 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil 55 The Pleiads, Hyads, and the Northern Car [L. Pleiadas, Hyadas, claramque Lycaonis Arcton] . View more context for this quotation 1737 H. Baker However Great in II. 229 Arcturus, dreadful with his stormy Star, The watry Hyads, and the northern Car. 1835 R. Mant 462 And sweeping o'er the subject main, And circling round the polar star Itself unmov'd, the northern car. the world > the universe > constellation > Northern constellations > [noun] > Cygnus 1912 K. McKready vii. 124/1 The stars Alpha.., Beta.., Delta.., Epsilon.., and Gamma..form the figure of a cross, and the group is often called the ‘Northern Cross’ as distinguished from the ‘Southern Cross’. 1955 27 Aug. 138/1 High overhead on September evenings shines the constellation of Cygnus, the swan, a group also known as the Northern Cross. 1990 P. Moore 92 Cygnus is one of the most impressive constellations in the sky. It is often nicknamed the Northern Cross, and certainly it is much more cruciform than the Southern Cross. the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aurora > aurora borealis 1728 E. Chambers at Aurora Aurora Borealis or Aurora Septentrionalis, the Northern Dawn or Light; is an extraordinary Meteor, or luminous Appearance. 1891 F. T. Palgrave Sir Hugh Willoughby in 80 Or the weird Northern Dawn in idle play Mocks their sad souls, now trickling down the sky. 1992 S. P. Maran 178/2 The name aurora borealis, which can be directly translated to ‘the northern dawn’, is a deceptive designation of a light phenomenon that does occur mainly in the north, but has nothing whatsoever to do with the dawn. 1827 D. Douglas 5 May (1914) 74 This river abounds with wildfowl, and the Northern Diver charmed us with his deep mellow melancholy voice. 1898 15 177 Colaptes auratus luteus, subsp. nov. Northern Flicker. 1953 26 Dec. 4/2 These [larger birds] were northern flickers, who have elected to spend the cold months hereabouts. 2015 A. Leftridge 71 Although northern flickers can climb trees and hammer like other woodpeckers, they prefer not to. 1916 50 572 Sometime afterwards when crossing the North Atlantic he met with the northern fulmar (Fulmarus). 2001 Spring 22/2 Among the 30 species of birds found here are northern fulmars, northern wheatears and colonies of thick-billed murres and black-legged kittiwakes. 1871 4 675 An account of the habits of the northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus). 1991 Spring 19/3 The Northern Fur Seal is the only one of the nine fur seal species of the world to show a recent decline. 1964 A. Landsborough 330/1 The Gannet Sula (‘Morus’) bassana of the North Atlantic is in a world context called a Northern Gannet. 1971 3 Sept. 938 (caption) Facial patterns and stripes asociated with reduction of glare in very bright habitats. Laysan albatross..northern gannet (Morus bassanus)..and..great kiskadee (Pitangus sulphuratus). 2001 Spring 20/2 Bird Rock offers an up-close-and-personal look at the breeding behaviour of thousands of northern gannets. 1980 R. T. Peterson (ed. 4) 152 Northern Harrier... Circus cyaneus... Note the white rump. 1995 Spring 38/3 Look for..Northern Harriers cruising low over the fields, and Arctic-bound Rough-legged Hawks hovering above marginal farmland. 1646 Sir T. Browne vi. x. 325 We shall..say he [sc. the sun] is more powerfull in the Northerne hemisphere, and in the Apogeum; for therein his motion is slower. View more context for this quotation 1795 T. Maurice (1820) I. i. xii. 417 The superior, or northern hemisphere, is the region of delight,..and in it Indra presides. 1886 L. Cumming i. iv. 54 There are two points, one in the northern hemisphere and one in the southern, at which the dip is 90°. 1992 K. S. Robinson (1993) iii. 87 There are areologists who believe that the entire northern hemisphere of Mars is an ancient impact basin. 1689 in H. Kelsey (1929) 26 Found an old Canoe of these northern Indians. 1744 A. Dobbs 17 Several Northern Indians came to trade. 1823 Sept. 12 The Chipewyan, or Northern Indians, who resort to the settlements, are reserved. 1898 5 188 The attire of the Northern Indians was made of Cariboo skin, ornamented with its hair. 1974 C. S. Houston in R. Hood 71 Since the earliest days of trading at York Factory and Churchill, ‘Southern Indians’ had been a synonym for the Crees and ‘Northern Indians’ a synonym for the Chipewyans. 2006 R. Jarvenpa & H. J. Brumbach ii. 27 The Chipewyan, or ‘Northern Indians’, as traders called them, were oriented toward caribou hunting in the forest-tundra transition. the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aurora > aurora borealis 1728 E. Chambers at Aurora Aurora Borealis or Aurora Septentrionalis, the Northern Dawn or Light; is an extraordinary Meteor, or luminous Appearance. 1805 W. Scott ii. viii. 41 He knew, by the streamers that shot so bright, That spirits were riding the northern light. 1853 74 630 The sailors..see the streamers, far and near, Of the transient northern light. the world > animals > mammals > group Placentalia > [noun] > order Sirenia > genus Hydrodamalis (Steller's sea-cow) 1855 W. S. Dallas in II. 413 The Rhytina Stelleri, or Northern Manatee, which like the Dodo, has become extinct. 1967 10 Feb. 683/1 He is remembered best for Steller's jay and the extinct Steller's sea cow (the giant northern manatee). the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aurora > aurora borealis 1822 W. Tennant 14 Huge as the meteor which the northern morn In winter, when her glories most she plays. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in (new ed.) II. 10 The great brand..Shot like a streamer of the northern morn. the world > the universe > luminous appearance > [noun] > aurora > aurora borealis 1717 E. Ward 53 But that Pænomenon which scar'd Our sinful Land..Could give us here no Northern Morning. 1836 215 The Aurora Borealis, or northern morning, as it is called. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Talking Oak lxix, in (new ed.) II. 81 The fat earth feed thy branchy root... The northern morning o'er thee shoot, High up, in silver spikes! 1976 T. A. Imhof (ed. 2) 376 The male Northern Oriole is chiefly black. 1990 May 7/2 About the same time that the grosbeaks show up, northern orioles also return to our yard. 1858 S. F. Baird Birds (U.S. War Dept.: Rep. Explor. Route Pacific IX) ii. 706 in (33rd Congr., 2nd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 91) Phalaropus hyperboreus, (Linn.) Temm. Northern Phalarope. 1941 26 452 A most interesting situation is reported by N. Tinbergen..in the case of the Northern Phalarope. 1992 Fall 41/1 Northern phalaropes flitted about the pools, with several females chasing each male. 1853 Oct. 437 Esox boreus, or the Great Northern Pike.] 1856 1 Nov. 142 Esox Boreus, or the northern pike..ranks next to the muscalonge among our lake fishes. 1990 T. King (1993) 39 He would call me and my sisters to show us a picture of a rainbow trout breaking water, or a northern pike rolled on its side. a1835 F. D. Hemans (1939) 83 The dark place of visions and legends, told By the fires of Northern pine. 1882 21 Aug. 122/2 The white or northern pine..is found at the head of the list of the softer woods used in building vessels of every description. 1944 W. Morgan in R. Greenhalgh ix. 320/2 Northern Pine (known also as Baltic pine, Scotch fir, Baltic fir, yellow fir, red or yellow deal). Yellowish to reddish-brown. 1992 Mar. 18 (advt.) Imagine the scent of northern pines, or wolfwillow on the plains. 1858 G. Bentham 84 Northern Rockcress. Arabis petræa... In Britain, frequent on the higher mountains of northern and western Scotland. 1979 D. Spence 30 Crevices on serpentine support..green spleenwort, Asplenium viride, and northern rock-cress, Cardaminopsis petraea. 1878 II. 269 When the Russian, Behring..first visited that region and the neighbourhood of Kamstchatka, there existed a huge animal, of which, under the name of Manatee, or Northern Sea Cow (Vacca marina), the naturalist Steller, who accompanied him, gave a classical account. 1952 33 289/2 The studies by Steller of the northern sea cow and fur seal in 1742 remain as classics of their kind. 1877 J. B. Holder Hist. Amer. Fauna in J. Richardson et al. III. p. lxxviii/1 Northern Sea Lion (Eumetopias Stelleri)—This Sea Lion has been, as Dr. Gray observes, one of the zoölogical paradoxes. 1990 Dec. 7/2 Soviet artist Vladimir Beilin painted the two Steller, or northern, sea lions (Eumetopias Jubatus). 1781 J. Latham I. i. 165 Northern S [hrike] ... Brought from the northern parts of America by the late voyagers. 1888 July 103/2 Great Northern Shrike, (yng.), shot at Matinicus Island... Stomach completely filled with black bugs, other small insects, and a substance resembling purple berries. 1969 20 Dec. 32/5 In our area if you should see a shrike in winter it is almost certain to be a northern shrike, in summer a loggerhead shrike. 2018 A. Dorst 363 Northern shrike. Lanius borealis... This bird, with grey-and-white plumage and contrasting black wings, tail, and mask, is hard to mistake for any other. 1931 N. J. van Warmelo 14 Traces of mutual influencing are unmistakeable, the Northern Sotho dialects for instance showing Venda influence. 1937 A. W. Hoernlé in I. Schapera iv. 94 In other respects the social organization is very similar to that of the Northern Sotho. 1975 X. 64 There was a tendency to substitute the name ‘Pedi’ for Northern Sotho, because the Pedi..are the strongest tribal unit, and particularly because Sepedi has become the written and school language of all Northern Sotho tribes. 1998 A. Dalby 578/1 Pedi is the dialect that gave rise to the first written form of Northern Sotho. 1898 C. H. Merriam in 15 40 Comparison of the northwestern Spotted Owl with the type specimen of S. occidentale shows it to be a well-marked subspecies, differing..in darker and richer coloration... Syrnium occidentle caurinum, subsp. nov.] 1899 16 109 Syrnium occidentle caurinum. Merriam. Northern Spotted Owl. 1926 P. A. Tavener 215 Two subspecies are recognized. The form to be expected in Canada is the Northern Spotted Owl. 1995 Mar. 10/1 The strategy aims to guard..species listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, such as the northern spotted owl and the marbled murrelet. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of 1847 J. M. Ives 46 Northern Spy.—This new native fruit, originated near Rochester, N. York. It is a fine winter apple, and is one of the most popular fruits in New York. 1850 2 404 Northern Spy Apple. We had hoped to be able to test the qualities of this apple ourselves. 1917 D. F. Canfield iii. 61 Those Northern Spies are just getting to be good about now. When they first come off the tree in October you could shoot them through an oak plank. 1944 Fall 14 And fragrant windrows of crisp Northern Spies Are scattered in the tumbled twisted sheaves. 1996 Autumn 108/1 We have one of the largest remaining Northern Spy orchards in the state. the world > the universe > star > kind of star > giant > [noun] > supergiant > Pole star 1590 E. Spenser ii. x. sig. X4v Thy fathers and thy great Grandfathers of gold, Whose noble deeds aboue the Northerne starre Immortall fame for euer hath enrold. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. i. 60 I am constant as the Northerne Starre . View more context for this quotation 1700 S. L. tr. C. Schweitzer Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer 353 We saw again the Northern Star to our great Joy. 1847 Ld. Tennyson i. 13 On my cradle shone the Northern star. 1995 29 455/1 Once you hit Canada, it's an entirely different set of rules... It's the Home of the Northern Star, the Land of Sky Blue Waters. the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [noun] > United States > northern states 1776 14 Sept. 456/2 William Goddard, Esq; Surveyor of the general Post-Office, arrived here on Saturday morning last, on his way thro' the Northern States. 1821 T. Jefferson (1829) I. 24 The condition of the labouring poor in most countries, that of the fishermen particularly of the Northern states, is as abject as that of slaves. 1991 Spring 114 Clay's resolutions..aimed at reaching a compromise between the Northern states which disapproved of slavery and the Southern states. 1869 Aug. 175 The other specimen was the Northern or small water-thrush, S. novoboresences [sic]. 1989 1 Sept. 6 Bird watchers are flocking to the Isles of Scilly to see a Northern Waterthrush, a rare warbler from North America. 1910 28 Oct. 593/1 The comparative life of other [fence] posts is shown in the following list ranging from the longest period to the shortest: red cedar, locust, white oak, northern white cedar (or arborvitæ), catalpa..and willow. 1969 T. H. Everett 63/1 American arbor-vitae or northern white-cedar, T. occidentalis, is much hardier than any other species. 1994 Apr. 64/1 Hand-peeled (versus machine-peeled) northern white cedar logs are Legendary's signature. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † northernv.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: northern adj. Etymology: < northern adj. Obsolete. rare. the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > North > [verb (intransitive)] > further 1757 J. H. Grose xvi. 365 As the land northerns, the continent grows broader and broader. 1830 28 131 The finer wools,..as the latitude northerns, become thicker and more plentiful. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online September 2018). <  adj.n.adv.eOE v.1757 |
