nitrosourean.

Brit.

/nʌɪˌtrəʊsəʊjᵿˈriːə/, U.S.

/naɪˌtroʊsoʊjʊˈriə/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: nitroso- comb. form, urea n.

Etymology: < nitroso- comb. form + urea n.

Chemistry.

A compound with the general formula RN(NO)—CO—NR′R″ (where R, R′, R″ represent alkyl or other organic groups); spec. any of several alkylating agents which are relatively lipid soluble and can cross the blood–brain barrier and which are used as antineoplastic drugs.

ΚΠ

1899 E. F. Smith tr. R. Anschütz V. von Richter's Org. Chem. (ed. 3) I. iv. 399 Nitroso-ureas are formed when nitrites act upon nitrates or sulphates of ureas which contain an alkyl group in the amido group.

1937 F. C. Whitmore Org. Chem. i. xxiv. 520 The mass of evidence bearing on the structure of urea includes..the formation of nitroso ureas from the monosubstituted ureas and nitrous acid.

1963 Cancer Res. 23 726/1 The initial observation which led..us to undertake sythesis of..nitrosoureas as postulated antileukemic agents was made in the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service random-screening program.

1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. iv. 133/2 The nitrosoureas most widely used are carmustine (1,3,-bis-chloro(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) and lomustine (1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea).

1996 Nature 12 Dec. 516/1 (caption) Adult male fish are treated with ethyl nitrosourea..which generates point mutations in DNA.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nitrosourea
释义	nitrosourean. Brit. /nʌɪˌtrəʊsəʊjᵿˈriːə/, U.S. /naɪˌtroʊsoʊjʊˈriə/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: nitroso- comb. form, urea n. Etymology: < nitroso- comb. form + urea n. Chemistry. A compound with the general formula RN(NO)—CO—NR′R″ (where R, R′, R″ represent alkyl or other organic groups); spec. any of several alkylating agents which are relatively lipid soluble and can cross the blood–brain barrier and which are used as antineoplastic drugs. ΚΠ 1899 E. F. Smith tr. R. Anschütz V. von Richter's Org. Chem. (ed. 3) I. iv. 399 Nitroso-ureas are formed when nitrites act upon nitrates or sulphates of ureas which contain an alkyl group in the amido group. 1937 F. C. Whitmore Org. Chem. i. xxiv. 520 The mass of evidence bearing on the structure of urea includes..the formation of nitroso ureas from the monosubstituted ureas and nitrous acid. 1963 Cancer Res. 23 726/1 The initial observation which led..us to undertake sythesis of..nitrosoureas as postulated antileukemic agents was made in the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service random-screening program. 1987 D. J. Weatherall et al. Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. iv. 133/2 The nitrosoureas most widely used are carmustine (1,3,-bis-chloro(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) and lomustine (1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea). 1996 Nature 12 Dec. 516/1 (caption) Adult male fish are treated with ethyl nitrosourea..which generates point mutations in DNA. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1899
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