Norwalkn.

Brit.

/ˈnɔːwɔːk/, U.S.

/ˈnɔrwɔk/,

/ˈnɔrwɑk/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Norwalk.

Etymology: < Norwalk, the name of a town in Ohio, where, in 1968, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred from which the virus was isolated.

Virology and Medicine.

1. attributive. Designating a calicivirus that causes epidemics of gastroenteritis in humans, with severe vomiting and diarrhoea usually lasting 24 to 48 hours. Also: of or relating to this virus; designating a group of viruses having similar properties.The genus comprising the Norwalk-like viruses is now called Norovirus.

ΚΠ

1971 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 123 311/1 The Norwalk agent was notable for the high frequency with which it produced disease in volunteers.

1978 Jrnl. Med. Virol. 2 97 The development of microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassays for the detection of Norwalk antigen and its antibody is described.

1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) iii. 284 The Norwalk agent itself is widely distributed and has been responsible for outbreaks of food poisoning in Australia, associated with the consumption of oysters.

1996 Daily Tel. 17 Apr. 4/4 Visitors..have been struck down four times since January by the Norwalk bug, which causes severe vomiting and diarrhoea.

2001 Field's Virol. (ed. 4) I. 841/1 This ‘Norwalk group’ of human caliciviruses has recently been assigned to a new genus (tentatively named the ‘Norwalk-like’ viruses) in the Caliciviridae.

2002 Top Santé Feb. 33/1 It can also be due to a viral infection (such as rotaviruses or the Norwalk virus), which can spread quickly among people in close contact.

2. attributive. Designating the disease caused by Norwalk or Norwalk-like viruses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [adjective] > viral disorders

rickettsial1925

West Nile virus1940

West Nile1943

Coxsackie1949

slow1954

Norwalk1977

1975 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 132 28 This finding further suggests that the Norwalk particle was the etiological agent of the Norwalk gastroenteritis outbreak.]

1977 New England Jrnl. Med. 14 July 86 Factors other than serum antibody appear important in immunity to Norwalk gastroenteritis.

1987 Novel Diarrhoea Viruses: Ciba Found. Symp. 1986 144 Most reported naturally occurring Norwalk disease outbreaks in developed nations also show that humoral antibody fails to correlate with immunity to infection.

1992 Amer. Jrnl. Epidemiol. 135 369 There have also been no reports of major Norwalk outbreaks associated with shellfish in this area.

Derivatives

ˈNorwalk-like adj. resembling Norwalk virus or Norwalk gastroenteritis; spec. designating viruses belonging to the genus of caliciviruses containing Norwalk virus.

ΚΠ

1979 Lancet 15 Dec. 1292 ‘Norwalk’-like particles in the epidemic gastroenteritis in the U.K.

1987 Amer. Jrnl. Epidemiol. 126 516 The stool of only one ill person was positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the Snow Mountain agent, one of the Norwalk-like viruses.

1990 Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiol. 11 459 The outbreak met Centers for Disease Control (CDC) clinical and epidemiologic criteria for Norwalk-like gastroenteritis.

2002 Chicago Tribune 20 May i. 3/3 British forces said three more soldiers suffering from the ‘winter vomiting’ bug—officially known as Norwalk-like virus after the Ohio town where it was identified—would be evacuated to Britain on Sunday.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	norwalk
释义	Norwalkn. Brit. /ˈnɔːwɔːk/, U.S. /ˈnɔrwɔk/, /ˈnɔrwɑk/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Norwalk. Etymology: < Norwalk, the name of a town in Ohio, where, in 1968, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred from which the virus was isolated. Virology and Medicine. 1. attributive. Designating a calicivirus that causes epidemics of gastroenteritis in humans, with severe vomiting and diarrhoea usually lasting 24 to 48 hours. Also: of or relating to this virus; designating a group of viruses having similar properties.The genus comprising the Norwalk-like viruses is now called Norovirus. ΚΠ 1971 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 123 311/1 The Norwalk agent was notable for the high frequency with which it produced disease in volunteers. 1978 Jrnl. Med. Virol. 2 97 The development of microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassays for the detection of Norwalk antigen and its antibody is described. 1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) iii. 284 The Norwalk agent itself is widely distributed and has been responsible for outbreaks of food poisoning in Australia, associated with the consumption of oysters. 1996 Daily Tel. 17 Apr. 4/4 Visitors..have been struck down four times since January by the Norwalk bug, which causes severe vomiting and diarrhoea. 2001 Field's Virol. (ed. 4) I. 841/1 This ‘Norwalk group’ of human caliciviruses has recently been assigned to a new genus (tentatively named the ‘Norwalk-like’ viruses) in the Caliciviridae. 2002 Top Santé Feb. 33/1 It can also be due to a viral infection (such as rotaviruses or the Norwalk virus), which can spread quickly among people in close contact. 2. attributive. Designating the disease caused by Norwalk or Norwalk-like viruses. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > bacterial or viral disorders > [adjective] > viral disorders rickettsial1925 West Nile virus1940 West Nile1943 Coxsackie1949 slow1954 Norwalk1977 1975 Jrnl. Infectious Dis. 132 28 This finding further suggests that the Norwalk particle was the etiological agent of the Norwalk gastroenteritis outbreak.] 1977 New England Jrnl. Med. 14 July 86 Factors other than serum antibody appear important in immunity to Norwalk gastroenteritis. 1987 Novel Diarrhoea Viruses: Ciba Found. Symp. 1986 144 Most reported naturally occurring Norwalk disease outbreaks in developed nations also show that humoral antibody fails to correlate with immunity to infection. 1992 Amer. Jrnl. Epidemiol. 135 369 There have also been no reports of major Norwalk outbreaks associated with shellfish in this area. Derivatives ˈNorwalk-like adj. resembling Norwalk virus or Norwalk gastroenteritis; spec. designating viruses belonging to the genus of caliciviruses containing Norwalk virus. ΚΠ 1979 Lancet 15 Dec. 1292 ‘Norwalk’-like particles in the epidemic gastroenteritis in the U.K. 1987 Amer. Jrnl. Epidemiol. 126 516 The stool of only one ill person was positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the Snow Mountain agent, one of the Norwalk-like viruses. 1990 Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiol. 11 459 The outbreak met Centers for Disease Control (CDC) clinical and epidemiologic criteria for Norwalk-like gastroenteritis. 2002 Chicago Tribune 20 May i. 3/3 British forces said three more soldiers suffering from the ‘winter vomiting’ bug—officially known as Norwalk-like virus after the Ohio town where it was identified—would be evacuated to Britain on Sunday. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1971
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