† obumberv.

Forms: late Middle English abowmbre, late Middle English–1500s obumbre; Scottish pre-1700 adumbre (transmission error), pre-1700 obumbir, pre-1700 obumbre.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French obumbrer.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French obumbrer to overshadow, to cast a shadow over (c1130 in Anglo-Norman: see note below), to eclipse, to shade, to obscure (1512; French obombrer ) < classical Latin obumbrāre obumbrate v.The earliest use of Anglo-Norman obumbrer is to describe the process whereby the Holy Spirit engenders Christ in the Virgin Mary's womb, as described in Luke 1:35 (compare quot. c1450 at sense 1b). Compare obumbration n., and also overshadow v.

Obsolete.

a. transitive. To shelter; to overshadow; to cast a shadow over, obscure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)]

shieldc825

frithc893

werea900

i-schield971

berghOE

biwerec1000

grithc1000

witec1000

keepc1175

burghena1225

ward?c1225

hilla1240

warrantc1275

witiec1275

forhilla1300

umshadea1300

defendc1325

fendc1330

to hold in or to warrantc1330

bielda1350

warisha1375

succoura1387

defencea1398

shrouda1400

umbeshadow14..

shelvec1425

targec1430

protect?1435

obumber?1440

thorn1483

warrantise1490

charea1500

safeguard1501

heild?a1513

shend1530

warrant1530

shadow1548

fence1577

safekeep1588

bucklera1593

counterguard1594

save1595

tara1612

target1611

screenc1613

pre-arm1615

custodite1657

shelter1667

to guard against1725

cushion1836

enshield1855

mind1924

buffer1958

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, conceal [verb (transitive)]

heeleOE

forhelec888

i-hedec888

dernc893

hidec897

wryOE

behelec1000

behidec1000

bewryc1000

forhidec1000

overheleOE

hilla1250

fealc1325

cover1340

forcover1382

blinda1400

hulsterc1400

overclosec1400

concealc1425

shroud1426

blend1430

close1430

shadow1436

obumber?1440

mufflea1450

alaynec1450

mew?c1450

purloin1461

to keep close?1471

oversilec1478

bewrap1481

supprime1490

occulta1500

silec1500

smoor1513

shadec1530

skleir1532

oppressa1538

hudder-mudder1544

pretex1548

lap?c1550

absconce1570

to steek away1575

couch1577

recondite1578

huddle1581

mew1581

enshrine1582

enshroud1582

mask1582

veil1582

abscondc1586

smotherc1592

blot1593

sheathe1594

immask1595

secret1595

bemist1598

palliate1598

hoodwinka1600

overmaska1600

hugger1600

obscure1600

upwrap1600

undisclose1601

disguise1605

screen1611

underfold1612

huke1613

eclipsea1616

encavea1616

ensconcea1616

obscurify1622

cloud1623

inmewa1625

beclouda1631

pretext1634

covert1647

sconce1652

tapisa1660

shun1661

sneak1701

overlay1719

secrete1741

blank1764

submerge1796

slur1813

wrap1817

buttress1820

stifle1820

disidentify1845

to stick away1900

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > intercept or cut off (light) [verb (transitive)] > overshadow

beshadea1000

overshadowOE

beshadowc1320

shadowc1384

obumber?1440

obumbrate1531

overdrip1587

overshade1594

inumbrate1623

umbrate1623

overgloom1796

adumbrate1834

sky1840

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) xii. 13 (MED) Cloddis wol ther germinacioun Obumbre from the coold & wel defende.

?1457 J. Hardyng Chron. (Lansd.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1912) 27 745 His shadow so abowmbred [c1475 Harl. obumbred] all Englonde.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 23 Yat the thrid part of the sternis, was obumbrit with mirknes of vnleautee.

?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Aiv^v Honest name, obumbryng nat his lyght.

c1550 R. Bieston Bayte Fortune sig. Bj And death..at last him doth obumbre.

1558 W. Forrest Hist. Grisild the Second (1875) i. 30 Muche prudently this wise consyderinge, Whois example inducethe to lightnes Obumbrethe of Grace the glossinge brightnes.

b. transitive (in passive). to be obumbred to: to be caused to overshadow (with reference to the causative role played by the Holy Spirit in the Virgin Mary's conception of Christ: see etymology).

ΚΠ

c1450 J. Lydgate Ballade Our Lady (Sloane) 102 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 258 Halfe the joie who cowde wryte.., When the Holy Goost to the was obumbrid.

2. intransitive. To cast or make a shadow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > be intercepted or cut off [verb (intransitive)] > cast a shadow

shadow1377

shade1393

obumber1508

1508 in Lydgate's Mayng or Disport Chaucer (Chepman & Myllar) sig. biv^v The vertu of the haly gaste dyvyne Within thy wame sall obumbir & schyne.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	obumber
释义	† obumberv. Forms: late Middle English abowmbre, late Middle English–1500s obumbre; Scottish pre-1700 adumbre (transmission error), pre-1700 obumbir, pre-1700 obumbre. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French obumbrer. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French obumbrer to overshadow, to cast a shadow over (c1130 in Anglo-Norman: see note below), to eclipse, to shade, to obscure (1512; French obombrer ) < classical Latin obumbrāre obumbrate v.The earliest use of Anglo-Norman obumbrer is to describe the process whereby the Holy Spirit engenders Christ in the Virgin Mary's womb, as described in Luke 1:35 (compare quot. c1450 at sense 1b). Compare obumbration n., and also overshadow v. Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To shelter; to overshadow; to cast a shadow over, obscure. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)] shieldc825 frithc893 werea900 i-schield971 berghOE biwerec1000 grithc1000 witec1000 keepc1175 burghena1225 ward?c1225 hilla1240 warrantc1275 witiec1275 forhilla1300 umshadea1300 defendc1325 fendc1330 to hold in or to warrantc1330 bielda1350 warisha1375 succoura1387 defencea1398 shrouda1400 umbeshadow14.. shelvec1425 targec1430 protect?1435 obumber?1440 thorn1483 warrantise1490 charea1500 safeguard1501 heild?a1513 shend1530 warrant1530 shadow1548 fence1577 safekeep1588 bucklera1593 counterguard1594 save1595 tara1612 target1611 screenc1613 pre-arm1615 custodite1657 shelter1667 to guard against1725 cushion1836 enshield1855 mind1924 buffer1958 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > hide, conceal [verb (transitive)] heeleOE forhelec888 i-hedec888 dernc893 hidec897 wryOE behelec1000 behidec1000 bewryc1000 forhidec1000 overheleOE hilla1250 fealc1325 cover1340 forcover1382 blinda1400 hulsterc1400 overclosec1400 concealc1425 shroud1426 blend1430 close1430 shadow1436 obumber?1440 mufflea1450 alaynec1450 mew?c1450 purloin1461 to keep close?1471 oversilec1478 bewrap1481 supprime1490 occulta1500 silec1500 smoor1513 shadec1530 skleir1532 oppressa1538 hudder-mudder1544 pretex1548 lap?c1550 absconce1570 to steek away1575 couch1577 recondite1578 huddle1581 mew1581 enshrine1582 enshroud1582 mask1582 veil1582 abscondc1586 smotherc1592 blot1593 sheathe1594 immask1595 secret1595 bemist1598 palliate1598 hoodwinka1600 overmaska1600 hugger1600 obscure1600 upwrap1600 undisclose1601 disguise1605 screen1611 underfold1612 huke1613 eclipsea1616 encavea1616 ensconcea1616 obscurify1622 cloud1623 inmewa1625 beclouda1631 pretext1634 covert1647 sconce1652 tapisa1660 shun1661 sneak1701 overlay1719 secrete1741 blank1764 submerge1796 slur1813 wrap1817 buttress1820 stifle1820 disidentify1845 to stick away1900 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > intercept or cut off (light) [verb (transitive)] > overshadow beshadea1000 overshadowOE beshadowc1320 shadowc1384 obumber?1440 obumbrate1531 overdrip1587 overshade1594 inumbrate1623 umbrate1623 overgloom1796 adumbrate1834 sky1840 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) xii. 13 (MED) Cloddis wol ther germinacioun Obumbre from the coold & wel defende. ?1457 J. Hardyng Chron. (Lansd.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1912) 27 745 His shadow so abowmbred [c1475 Harl. obumbred] all Englonde. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 23 Yat the thrid part of the sternis, was obumbrit with mirknes of vnleautee. ?1518 A. Barclay tr. D. Mancinus Myrrour Good Maners sig. Aiv^v Honest name, obumbryng nat his lyght. c1550 R. Bieston Bayte Fortune sig. Bj And death..at last him doth obumbre. 1558 W. Forrest Hist. Grisild the Second (1875) i. 30 Muche prudently this wise consyderinge, Whois example inducethe to lightnes Obumbrethe of Grace the glossinge brightnes. b. transitive (in passive). to be obumbred to: to be caused to overshadow (with reference to the causative role played by the Holy Spirit in the Virgin Mary's conception of Christ: see etymology). ΚΠ c1450 J. Lydgate Ballade Our Lady (Sloane) 102 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 258 Halfe the joie who cowde wryte.., When the Holy Goost to the was obumbrid. 2. intransitive. To cast or make a shadow. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > be intercepted or cut off [verb (intransitive)] > cast a shadow shadow1377 shade1393 obumber1508 1508 in Lydgate's Mayng or Disport Chaucer (Chepman & Myllar) sig. biv^v The vertu of the haly gaste dyvyne Within thy wame sall obumbir & schyne. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.?1440
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