obviativen.adj.

Brit.

/ˈɒbvɪətɪv/,

/ˈɒbvɪeɪtɪv/, U.S.

/ˈɑbviədɪv/,

/ˈɑbviˌeɪdɪv/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French obviatif.

Etymology: < French obviatif (see note below) < classical Latin obviāt- , past participial stem of obviāre obviate v. + French -if -ive suffix.The word was introduced by the French philologist and missionary Jean André Cuoq (1821–98). The first of the following quots. is translated by J. H. Trumbull in quot. 1877 at sense B.:1866 J. A. Cuoq Études Philol. sur Quelques Langues Sauvages de L'Amér. i. ii. 43 De L'Obviatif. Quand dans une phrase, se rencontrent deux 3èmes personnes de première classe, l'une sujet et l'autre régime de la phrase, la personne-régime se met à l'obviatif.1866 J. A. Cuoq Études Philol. sur Quelques Langues Sauvages de L'Amér. i. ii. 43 Si le nom de la personne dominante se trouve exprimé, on le met à l'obviatif simple.

Linguistics.

A. n.

A grammatical marker or category in the Algonquian family of North American Indian languages for a third person other than the principal (or proximate) third person in a given context. Also: a similar marker or category in certain other languages.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [noun] > person > obviative

obviative1877

1873 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1872 184 Baraga does not recognize this ‘eventual’ mood, in the Chippeway, but makes the termination..the characteristic of the participle of the second third person (‘obviatif’ of Cuoq).]

1877 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1876 150 The obviative and super-obviative are forms of what Mr. Howse..calls the ‘possessive or accessory case’.

1899 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 38 186 In pōhḗ gŭnŭl and the following word, we have the ending -ŭl of the obviative, or accus[ative] of the third person, which appears in all the Algic idioms.

1922 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 43 276 He arrived at no clear statement of such features as the ‘obviative’ (the peculiar subsidiary third person of Algonquian grammar).

1958 Language 34 1 The grammatical forms of this category [in Kutenai] will be called obviative forms (or forms in the obviative) if they contain the obviative suffix.

1985 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 30 461 Their plurals are /sabi:k/ and /mtigo:k/, their obviatives /sabi:n and /mtigo:n/.

B. adj.

Of, relating to, or designating the obviative; belonging to the category of, or marked by, the obviative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [adjective] > person > obviative

obviative1927

1873 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1872 185 In ‘John gave Peter his stick to beat his brother's son’, the first noun only is in the third person direct; both verbs and the four nouns must receive, respectively, the ‘obviatif’ and ‘sur-obviatif’ inflections.]

1877 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1876 150 When two nouns (or a noun and a pronoun) in the third person are introduced in the same sentence, one as a subject and the other as the object of a verb, the latter takes the obviative..form.

1927 Amer. Speech 2 438/2 In inflection, Menomini, like the other Algonquian languages, has an obviative form for subsidiary third persons.

1967 National Mus. of Canada Bull. 214 Theme 1..makes the T[ransitive] A[nimate] direct forms, which denote action by first or second person on third, and by third person proximate on third person obviative.

1990 Ann. Rev. Anthropol. 19 312 While proximate or obviative status is determined in certain contexts by syntactic factors, the alternation most often functions as a discourse device.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	obviative
释义	obviativen.adj. Brit. /ˈɒbvɪətɪv/, /ˈɒbvɪeɪtɪv/, U.S. /ˈɑbviədɪv/, /ˈɑbviˌeɪdɪv/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French obviatif. Etymology: < French obviatif (see note below) < classical Latin obviāt- , past participial stem of obviāre obviate v. + French -if -ive suffix.The word was introduced by the French philologist and missionary Jean André Cuoq (1821–98). The first of the following quots. is translated by J. H. Trumbull in quot. 1877 at sense B.:1866 J. A. Cuoq Études Philol. sur Quelques Langues Sauvages de L'Amér. i. ii. 43 De L'Obviatif. Quand dans une phrase, se rencontrent deux 3èmes personnes de première classe, l'une sujet et l'autre régime de la phrase, la personne-régime se met à l'obviatif.1866 J. A. Cuoq Études Philol. sur Quelques Langues Sauvages de L'Amér. i. ii. 43 Si le nom de la personne dominante se trouve exprimé, on le met à l'obviatif simple. Linguistics. A. n. A grammatical marker or category in the Algonquian family of North American Indian languages for a third person other than the principal (or proximate) third person in a given context. Also: a similar marker or category in certain other languages. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [noun] > person > obviative obviative1877 1873 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1872 184 Baraga does not recognize this ‘eventual’ mood, in the Chippeway, but makes the termination..the characteristic of the participle of the second third person (‘obviatif’ of Cuoq).] 1877 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1876 150 The obviative and super-obviative are forms of what Mr. Howse..calls the ‘possessive or accessory case’. 1899 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 38 186 In pōhḗ gŭnŭl and the following word, we have the ending -ŭl of the obviative, or accus[ative] of the third person, which appears in all the Algic idioms. 1922 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 43 276 He arrived at no clear statement of such features as the ‘obviative’ (the peculiar subsidiary third person of Algonquian grammar). 1958 Language 34 1 The grammatical forms of this category [in Kutenai] will be called obviative forms (or forms in the obviative) if they contain the obviative suffix. 1985 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 30 461 Their plurals are /sabi:k/ and /mtigo:k/, their obviatives /sabi:n and /mtigo:n/. B. adj. Of, relating to, or designating the obviative; belonging to the category of, or marked by, the obviative. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > other grammatical categories or concepts > [adjective] > person > obviative obviative1927 1873 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1872 185 In ‘John gave Peter his stick to beat his brother's son’, the first noun only is in the third person direct; both verbs and the four nouns must receive, respectively, the ‘obviatif’ and ‘sur-obviatif’ inflections.] 1877 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1876 150 When two nouns (or a noun and a pronoun) in the third person are introduced in the same sentence, one as a subject and the other as the object of a verb, the latter takes the obviative..form. 1927 Amer. Speech 2 438/2 In inflection, Menomini, like the other Algonquian languages, has an obviative form for subsidiary third persons. 1967 National Mus. of Canada Bull. 214 Theme 1..makes the T[ransitive] A[nimate] direct forms, which denote action by first or second person on third, and by third person proximate on third person obviative. 1990 Ann. Rev. Anthropol. 19 312 While proximate or obviative status is determined in certain contexts by syntactic factors, the alternation most often functions as a discourse device. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1877
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