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单词 nonpareil
释义

nonpareiladj.n.

Brit. /ˌnɒnpəˈreɪ(l)/, /ˌnɒmpəˈreɪ(l)/, /ˈnɒnp(ə)rəl/, /ˈnɒnp(ə)rl̩/, /ˈnɒmp(ə)rəl/, /ˈnɒmp(ə)rl̩/, U.S. /ˌnɑnpəˈrɛl/
Forms:

α. late Middle English nonparaille, late Middle English nonpareyl, late Middle English nounparalle, late Middle English nowimparaile, 1500s nonparreille, 1500s nunpareile, 1500s nunpareille, 1500s–1600s nonparele, 1500s–1700s nonpareill, 1500s–1700s nonparel, 1500s–1700s 1900s– nonpareille, 1600s nonpareile, 1600s nonparell, 1600s nonparil, 1600s nonparill, 1600s nonperel, 1600s nonperil, 1600s nonperill, 1600s–1800s nonpariel, 1600s– nonpareil, 1700s nonparelle.

β. 1500s nompareille, 1600s nomparell, 1600s numparell, 1800s numparel.

Also (in sense B. 1b) in quasi-Italian forms 1600s 1800s nonparella, 1600s–1700s nonpareillo.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French nonpareil.
Etymology: < Middle French, French nonpareil, nonpareille (13th cent. in Old French as adjective in sense A. 1, and in superlative construction li nonpareus del monde ; mid 16th cent. as noun in sense B. 2, 1660 in sense B. 3; also attested as †nompareil ) < non non- prefix + pareil pareil adj. and n.
A. adj. (usually attributive).
1. Having no equal; unrivalled, incomparable, peerless, unique. In later use frequently as postmodifier.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [adjective] > incomparable, unparalleled, or unique
unilicheOE
makelessc1225
unevenlyc1230
peerlessc1330
alonea1382
uncomparablea1382
unoverpassablea1382
solea1398
incomparable1412
sans-peer1426
nonpareilc1450
invincible1509
matchless1530
inimitable1531
unmatchable1544
unmatched1548
unpassable1563
alonely1567
inequivalent1568
mateless1570
unparagonized1578
only1581
fellowlessa1586
unimitablea1586
compareless1590
incompared1590
immatchless1595
unequalized1596
nonsuch1598
paragonless1599
immatchable1601
unparalleled1601
uncompeered1602
unpeered1602
imparalleled1604
unpeerable1604
unrivalled1607
uncompanioned1608
unexampled1610
unsurmountable1611
unsurpassable1611
unparagoned1612
patternless1613
unpatterned1617
unique1618
unparallelable1621
parallelless1622
unmatchless1623
single1633
unexemplifieda1634
unsampleda1638
unequalled1639
imparallel1641
unparallel1645
unseconded1646
unexemplary1649
unaccessional1651
unequalable1659
uncome-at-able1694
rivalless1735
untouched1735
unexcelleda1800
unexceeded1813
sans-pareilly1818
unsurpassed1818
unrivallable1823
unapproachable1834
untranscendeda1849
insuperable1849
unbrothered1853
unapproached1856
insurpassable1859
untouchable1867
hors concours1884
c1450 C. d'Orleans Poems (1941) 107 (MED) Y haue a nounparalle maystres, The which hath hool my service & myn hert.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 43 O right noble & nonparaille Mirro, she is without peer.
a1500 Hymnal in R. S. Loomis Medieval Stud. in Memory G. S. Loomis (1927) 445 (MED) To whos myghty power and nowimparaile, All creaturys owyth humble obeissaunce.
1594 T. Lodge & R. Greene Looking Glasse sig. A3v Beautie Nunpareile in excellence.
1645 J. Tombes Anthropolatria 8 Some magnified Peter, as nonparil.
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 204 The most Non-pareille Beauty of the World, Beauteous Knowledge.
1730 (title) A treatise of buggs..By John Southall, maker of the nonpareil liquor for destroying buggs and nits.
1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 150 That machine of his..was now..grown..to a size that frighted even me: a non-pareil thickness indeed!
1818 Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 3 181/2 Now for a picture of the nonpareil De Courcy—this Adonis, Apollo, and Hercules of eighteen.
1834 R. Southey Doctor I. 70 A truth which..will be..elucidated in this nonpareil history.
1893 F. W. L. Adams New Egypt 211 The great and famous nonpareil champion.
1940 S. J. Perelman Let. 16 Dec. in Don't tread on Me (1987) 37 Even the guests..chip in briskly and aid the hostess in toasting Vogt's nonpareil scrapple to a golden brown.
1977 New Yorker 6 June 120/3 McKenna ignored this fashion and championed his left hand, which is nonpareil.
1986 India Today 31 July 5/2 Kapil is..an all-rounder nonpareil in India and one of the very best players of the game.
2. Typography. Printed in nonpareil (see sense B. 2); of or relating to this size of type. Now chiefly historical.
ΚΠ
1597 Stationers' Company Orders in E. Howe London Compositor (1947) 16 No booke to be printed excede the number of 1250 or 1500 at one ympression except any book whatsoeuer of the non pareille letter and the brevier letter.
1647 I. P. Upon this Worke in W. Lilly Christian Astrol. sig. (b)2v Heaven is his Book; The Stars both great & smal Are letters Nonperill and Capitall Disperst throughout.
1686 London Gaz. No. 2109/4 The Bible Nonperil, in Twelves.
1735 S.-Carolina Gaz. 29 Nov. 2/2 Writing paper of all sorts..minion and nonpareil Sermons, Testaments, spelling books, [etc.].
1824 J. Johnson Typographia II. 72 Unless Nonpareil figures can be conveniently had.
1872 ‘M. Twain’ Roughing It xlii. 297 Two nonpareil columns had to be filled.
1947 E. Howe London Compositor xvi. 403 The proprietors refused to pay extra for nonpareil type.
1995 R. M. Myers Reluctant Expatriate iii. 58 Frederick's dispatches continued to appear in solid nonpareil type.
B. n.
1.
a. A person who or thing which has no equal; an unrivalled or unique person or thing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [noun] > fact of being unparalleled or unique > that which is unique > a unique thing or person
nonpareilc1500
transcendent1591
Arabian birda1616
imparallel1658
original1675
incomparable1704
unique1769
sui generis1787
oner1841
unicum1885
the only pebble on the beach1896
c1500 Three Kings' Sons (1895) 55 Y sey for trouthe that he is Le nounpareil that euir y sawe or herde speke of.
1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. Kv Euermore maist thou be canonized as the Nunparreille of impious epistles.
1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered vii. 24 You accompt your selfe the Non parel for knowledge.
1612 W. Symonds Proc. Eng. Colonie Virginia xii. 103 in J. Smith Map of Virginia Pocahontas, Powhatans daughter..was the very nomparell of his kingdome, & at most not past 13 or 14 yeares of age.
a1632 T. Middleton & J. Webster Any Thing for Quiet Life (1662) ii. sig. D This is thirty a yard; but if you'l go to forty, here's a Non pareile.
1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 186 If Knowledge be an apt Qualification, he was a Non-pareil.
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iv. 307 People are apt to think their children nonpareils, the sole object deserving admiration and regard.
1817 M. Edgeworth Ormond III. xxii. 83 Miss Annaly, who was to have been a nonpareil of an heiress, in case of the brother's death, will have but a moderate fortune.
1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 93 This beautiful nonpareil was originally a retailer of fruit.
1887 E. C. Stedman Victorian Poets (ed. 13) v. 162 ‘The Talking Oak’,..the nonpareil of sustained lyrics in quatrain verse.
1928 J. Buchan Runagates Club (1941) x. 263 I believe that at the University he was a nonpareil.
1967 Antiquaries Jrnl. 47 161 It is much to be hoped that Miss Dallas, that non pareille of indexers, will be able to help and advise us on this.
1986 S. Churcher N.Y. Confidential i. 3 The nonpareils on the New York stage whom you will wish to cultivate.
b. In quasi-Italian forms nonpareillo, nonparella. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1615 in N. Amer. Rev. (1867) Jan. 22 Pocahuntas, King Powhatan's daughter, whose fame has spread even to England under the name of Non Parella.
1672 Duke of Buckingham Rehearsal i. 9 I think you'l say this is a non pareillo: I'm sure no body has hit upon it yet.
1673 R. Leigh Transproser Rehears'd 7 To all these Reasons, our Farce-monger might have added another, which is a non pareillo.
1687 M. Prior & Earl of Halifax Hind & Panther Transvers'd 3 I'le be bold to say, the exactest Piece the world ever saw, a Non Pareillo, I' faith.
1711 J. Dennis Orig. Lett. (1721) II. 418 I can..name several..who..have oblig'd the world with criticisms which have been non-pareillo's.
1899 Atlantic Monthly June 728/2 A nonparella of all grace and beauty!
2. Typography. A size of type (6 points) larger than ruby and smaller than emerald (in the U.S. larger than agate and smaller than minion); type of this size. Also: (a slug of) type of this size. Now chiefly historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > [noun] > height of type > names of type sizes
English1539
great primer1539
long primer1553
pica1553
brevier1598
nonpareil1656
pearl1656
small pica1657
minion1659
canon1683
small body1683
minim1706
paragon1706
bourgeois1755
diamond1778
ruby1778
Trafalgar1807
agate1831
minikinc1870
minionette1871
brilliant1875
gem1888
excelsior1902
1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Character The Printers Characters, or names of their several sorts of Letters are, 1. Pearl, which is the least. 2. Non-Pareil. 3. Breviar. [etc.].
1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 13 Letter of all Bodies..viz. Pearl, Nonparel, Brevier.
1755 J. Smith Printer's Gram. 20 The class of Regular-bodied Letter takes in, viz. Greatprimer, English, Pica, Long-Primer, Brevier, Nonpareil, and Pearl.
1825 T. C. Hansard Typographia 382 Ruby..was..originally a Nonpareil with short ascenders and descenders, cast on a smaller body.
1888 C. T. Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 88 Pica,..the body usually taken as a standard for leads, width of measures, etc.—it is equal to two Nonpareils in body.
1904 Man. Rules Compositors (S. S. McClure Co.) 25 All running heads are to be set one nonpareil from the body, unless otherwise instructed.
1994 M. W. Summers Press Gang ii. v. 83 Townsend wrote quickly—a column and a half of leaded nonpareil in an hour on one occasion.
3. Originally: any of various kinds of small sweet. Now also: (spec. in plural) (chiefly U.S.) short strands or particles of coloured sugar (frequently in the form of a multicoloured mixture) used to decorate or coat chocolates, cakes, etc. Now rare. Cf. hundreds and thousands at hundred n. and adj. 7, sprinkle n.1
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > sweets > [noun] > a sweet > drop, lozenge, or comfit
comfit1334
pastille1451
table1580
confect1587
violet tables1620
sugar-pluma1668
plum1694
nonpareil1697
rose drop1727
lemon-drop1807
drop1818
jujube1835
pear drop1852
pandrop1877
conversation lozenge1905
cushion1906
fruit drop1907
1697 Countess D'Aunoy's Trav. (1706) 250 Certain little Comfits, which in France we call Non-pareil.
1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 56 Nonpareille, which is nothing but Orrice-Powder cover'd with Sugar.
1796 Glasse's Art of Cookery (new ed.) xxi. 328 Strew different coloured nonpareils over it.
1843 J. Pereira Treat. Food & Diet 120 Sugar constitutes the base of an almost innumerable variety of hard confectionary, sold under the names of Lozenges, Brilliants, Pipe, Rock, Comfits, Nonpareils.
1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 160 Chocolate Drops with Nonpareils.
1973 T. Pynchon Gravity's Rainbow i. 117 An egg-shaped confection of pastel green, studded all over with lavender nonpareils.
2002 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 24 Mar. Baskets stuffed with jelly beans, marshmallow Peeps, pastel nonpareils, and tiny chocolate bunnies.
4. Any of several formerly popular varieties of apple characterized by very late ripening and a sweet-sharp flavour (also nonpareil apple). Also: a tree bearing such an apple. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pome-paradise1601
French pippin1629
gillyflower1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
calville1691
passe-pomme1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
Sturmer Pippin1831
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Macoun1924
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of
costardc1390
bitter-sweet1393
pippin?1435
pomewater?1435
Queening?1435
richardine?1435
blaundrellc1440
pear apple1440
tuberc1440
quarrendenc1450
birtle1483
sweeting1530
pomeroyal1534
renneta1568
deusan1570
apple-john1572
Richard1572
lording1573
russeting1573
greening1577
queen apple1579
peeler1580
reinette1582
darling1584
doucin1584
golding1589
puffin1589
lady's longing1591
bitter-sweeting1597
pearmain1597
paradise apple1598
garden globe1600
gastlet1600
leather-coat1600
maligar1600
pomeroy1600
short-start1600
jenneting1601
pome-paradise1601
russet coat1602
John apple1604
honey apple1611
honeymeal1611
musk apple1611
short-shank1611
spice apple1611
French pippin1629
king apple1635
lady apple1651
golden pippin1654
goldling1655
puff1655
cardinal1658
renneting1658
green fillet1662
chestnut1664
cinnamon apple1664
fenouil1664
go-no-further1664
reinetting1664
Westbury apple1664
seek-no-farther1670
nonsuch1676
white-wining1676
russet1686
calville1691
fennel apple1699
queen1699
genet1706
fig-apple1707
oaken pin1707
musk1708
nonpareil1726
costing1731
monstrous reinette1731
Newtown pippin1760
Ribston1782
Rhode Island greening1795
oslin1801
wine apple1802
fall pippin1803
monstrous pippin1817
Newtown Spitzenburg1817
Gravenstein1821
Red Astrachan1822
Tolman sweet1822
grange apple1823
orange pippin1823
Baldwin1826
wine-sap1826
Jonathan1831
Sturmer Pippin1831
rusty-coat1843
Newtowner1846
Northern Spy1847
Cornish gilliflowerc1850
Blenheim Orange1860
Cox1860
nutmeg pippin1860
McIntosh Red1876
Worcester1877
raspberry apple1894
delicious1898
Laxton's Superb1920
Melba apple1928
Melba1933
Mutsu1951
Newtown1953
discovery1964
1726 J. Laurence New Syst. Agric. xi. 307 The Codlin, the Non Parelle,..and Golden-Pippin, are those I would chuse for Espaliers.
a1738 H. Wise Catal. Fruits in D. Green Gardener to Queen Anne (1956) Pl. 53/5 Apples... Winter Pearmain. Non pareil.
1762 Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 73 These were both non-pareil apple-trees, planted in asparagus beds.
1798 J. Woodforde Diary 27 Oct. (1931) V. 142 My Orchard was..robbed of almost all my choice Nonpareil Apples by some worthless People.
1821 M. W. Shelley in E. Dowden Life Shelley (1886) II. 366 He produces something as like Dante as a rotten crab-apple like a fine nonpareil.
1826 Gardener's Mag. 1 87 Among the fruits tasted..the best in our judgement were..the Golden pippin and Nonpareil apples.
1834 Penny Cycl. II. 190/1 Braddick's nonpareil. Old nonpareil.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 945/2 Scarlet Nonpareil.
1993 J. Morgan & A. Richards Bk. Apples 240/1 Nonpareil... Develops intense sweet-sharp flavour of acid or fruit drops... Prized for C18th dessert..still ‘worthy of commendation’ in 1920.
5. Formerly: †any of several attractively patterned moths (obsolete). Now only: the Clifden nonpareil, Catocala fraxini.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types > miscellaneous types
high-flyer?1749
nonpareil1749
porphyry1819
satin carpet1819
satin pygmy1828
scopolian1829
chalk carpet1832
sieve lackey1832
sprawler1832
tissue1832
treble bar1832
treble gold stripe1832
vesper-beauty1832
viburnian1832
yellowhead1832
flame carpet1862
sting-moth1863
lilac moth1868
luna-moth1869
melon-caterpillar1884
wood-nymph1885
unicorn-moth1891
geometer moth1897
the suspected1908
porina1929
tomato pinworm1931
mopane worm1966
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > genus Noctua or Cucullia > noctua sponsa (nonpareil)
nonpareil1749
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > member of genus Catocala > catocala fraxini (nonpareil)
nonpareil1875
1749 B. Wilkes Eng. Moths & Butterflies 45 The Cleifden Nonpareil, a Moth. This curious Fly was found by Mr Davenport, sticking against the Body of an Ash Tree, near Cleifden, in Buckinghamshire.
1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 422 The Nonpareil, Noctua sponsa.
1832 J. Rennie Conspectus Butterflies & Moths Brit. 206 The Nonpareil (Œ[cophora] eximia, Stephens). A most beautiful species.
1875 W. Houghton Sketches Brit. Insects 88 The splendid Clifden Nonpareil (Catocala fraxini).
1983 R. I. Lorimer in J. Heath & A. M. Emmet Moths & Butterflies Great Brit. & Ireland X. 353/1 The Clifden Nonpareil... The breadth of fore- and hindwings give it a total wing surface greater than that of any other British moth.
6.
a. Chiefly U.S. The painted bunting, Passerina ciris, a brightly coloured songbird of the southern U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > seed eaters > [noun] > family Emberizidae > subfamily Cardinalinae > genus Passerina > passerina ciris (painted bunting)
painted finch1731
nonpareil1755
painted bunting1811
incomparable1889
1755 H. Laurens Let. 12 June in Papers (1968) I. 264 We have a fine parcel of pretty Nonpariels..in return for the pretty Birds you were so kind to send us.
1758 G. Edwards Gleanings Nat. Hist. I. 132 The Painted Finch.., more generally known to the curious in London by the name of Nonpareil and Mariposa.
1847 Knickerbocker Mag. 29 493 The sun-light quivered through the leafy branches, disclosing the rainbow-hued nonpareil, which seems to change its colour, and is red and green and blue.
1895 Outing 26 70/2 Cane-brakes gay with cardinals and nonpareils.
1934 Science 20 Apr. 7/1 Not only parrots..are susceptible to psittacosis.., but also the canary, bullfinch, nonpareil, Java sparrow, [etc.].
1961 O. L. Austin Birds of World 296/2 The male Painted Bunting is one of the most startlingly bright birds in North America, and aptly justifies its commonly heard name of ‘nonpareil’.
b. Chiefly Australian. The eastern rosella, Platycercus eximius, a brightly coloured parakeet of south-eastern Australia. More fully nonpareil parrot. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Psittaciformes (parrots, etc.) > [noun] > genus Platycercus (rosella)
nonpareil1794
rosella1829
twenty-eight parrakeet1848
kakariki1855
1794 G. Shaw Zool. New Holland 1 Psittacus Eximius. The Nonpareil Parrot... It may indeed be doubted whether any bird can exhibit a plumage more elegant, or colours of a nobler hue.
1825 W. Wordsworth Contrast 4 A parrot of that famous kind Whose name is Non-pareil.
1853 F. R. Goulding Young Marooners xxxvi A nonpareil, hidden in the branches, sat whistling plaintively to its mate.
1931 N. W. Cayley What Bird is That? 145 Eastern Rosella... Also called Rosella, Rosehill Parakeet, and Nonpareil Parrot.
7. A variety of wheat. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [noun] > wheat > types of wheat grain or plant
spelta1000
farc1420
ador?1440
flaxen wheat?1523
Peak-wheat?1523
red wheat?1523
white wheat?1523
duck-bill wheat1553
zea1562
alica1565
buck1577
amelcorn1578
horse-flower1578
tiphe1578
pollard1580
rivet1580
Saracen's corn1585
French wheat1593
Lammas-wheat1594
starch corn1597
St. Peter's corn1597
frumenty1600
secourgeon1600
polwheat1601
duck-wheat1611
kidneys of wheat1611
ograve wheat1616
soft wheat1640
cone-wheat1677
Lammas1677
Poland wheat1686
Saracen corn1687
pole rivet1707
Smyrna wheat1735
hard wheat1757
hen corn1765
velvet wheat1771
white straw1771
nonpareil1805
thick-set wheat1808
cone1826
farro1828
Polish wheat1832
velvet-ear wheat1837
sarrasin1840
mummy wheat1842
snowdrop1844
Red Fife1857
flint-wheat1859
dinkel1866
thick-set1875
spring1884
macaroni wheat1901
einkorn1904
marquis1906
durum1908
emmer1908
hedgehog wheat1909
speltoid1939
1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 540 The nonpareil is a sort said to be brought into this country from America; it has a bright straw with a brown ear; and the grain is very white.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c1450
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