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单词 beacon
释义

beaconn.

/ˈbiːkən/
Forms: Old English béacen, becen, becun, Middle English bæcen, Middle English bikene, bekne, Middle English bekene, beeken, Middle English–1500s beken, bekyn, 1500s bekin, beakon, 1500s– beacon, south-western dialect bick'n.
Etymology: Old English béacn (neuter) = Old Frisian bácen, bę́cen, Old Saxon bôkan, Middle Dutch bôkin, -en, Old High German bouhhan, Middle High German bouchen < Germanic *baukno(m). Not known outside of Germanic. (In this and the following words in bea- the occasional identity of the Old English and modern spellings is not due to continuity of form, the two being separated by a Middle English spelling in e , ee , which prevailed for more than 3 centuries. Modern ea represents not merely Old English éa and ea , but also many other Old English and Old French vowels, as seen in bead , beadle , beak , bear , beast . See ea at E n.1)
1. A sign, a portent. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > foresight, foreknowledge > prediction, foretelling > an omen, sign, portent > [noun]
foretokenc888
tokeningc888
beaconc950
token971
handsela1200
boding1297
wonder1297
bodec1374
signa1387
foreboding1387
prenostica1393
prognosticc1425
prophetc1430
prognostication?a1439
ostentationa1450
prenostication?a1450
prodigy?a1450
augurationc1450
preparative1460
prenosticate?a1475
prenosticative?a1475
prodige1482
prenosticature1490
tokener1513
weird1513
show token1535
luck1538
prognosticate1541
preamble1548
proffer1548
presagition?c1550
foreshower1555
presage1560
portent1562
ostent1570
presagie1581
omen1582
presagement1586
luck sign1587
augury1588
prognosticon1588
forerunner1589
presager1591
halfner1594
spae1596
abode1598
oss1600
assign1601
augur1603
bodement1613
predictiona1616
prognosticala1618
bespeaker1624
portender1635
pre-indicant1659
foreshadow1834
boder1846
prognosticant1880
sky sign1880
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John iv. 48 Buta beceno & soða uundra gie gesee, ne gelefeð gie.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: John (Corpus Cambr.) iv. 48 Tacna & fore-beacna.
c1160 Hatton G. Tacne & fore-bæcne.
2. An ensign, standard. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military organization > insignia > [noun] > flag, banner, or standard
senyec900
beaconOE
markOE
banner?c1225
here-markec1275
ensignc1400
standard?a1439
standard1497
armory1523
flag1530
handsenyie1545
ancient1554
labarum1563
antsign1571
ensign-staff1707
brattach1828
OE Beowulf 2777 Segn éac genom, béacna beorhtost.
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 471 Religioun shal be shewid in sensible signes, as habitis, and bikenes, & hye housis.
1483 Cath. Angl. 26/1 A Bekyn or a standard, statela.
3. A signal; spec. a signal-fire.
a. A burning cresset raised on a pole, or fixed at the top of a building.[ Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 64 says he finds it ordained about the eleventh year of Edward III that beacons ‘should be high standards with their pitchpots.’]
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > fire signal > beacon > on a pole or building
beacona1859
a1859 T. B. Macaulay Armada The beacon blazed upon the roof of Edgcombe's lofty hall.
c1870 J. Thorne Environs London 266 From it [the tower of Monken Hadley Church] projects the ancient iron beacon, one of the last of its kind left.
b. A fire, of wood, pitch, or other material, lighted on an eminence and serving as a signal (of danger, etc.); by a chain of beacons at convenient distances apart, tidings could be rapidly spread over a wide area.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > fire signal > beacon
beacon1377
lightc1425
firebome1440
bale1455
cresset-light1525
flambeau1688
coal-light1775
bale-fire1805
needfire1805
ward-fire1859
beaconage1862
fanal-
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xvii. 262 Ȝe brenne, but ȝe blaseth nouȝte, þat is a blynde bekene.
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccvi. 188 That men shold tende the bekenes that the countrey myght be warned.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome 348 (Jam.) He tuke thare tentis..and incontinent made ane bekin of reik.
1625 K. Long tr. J. Barclay Argenis i. iii. 9 Publike trees..which being kindled by the Kings command, giue notice to the people..and these they call Beacons.
1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iv. viii. 137 Signal of Ronald's high command, A beacon gleam'd o'er sea and land.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
c. = Belisha n.
4. Hence gen. A signal station, watchtower.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > place where view obtained > [noun] > look-out place
garret1340
tooting-towera1382
watch-house1482
watchtower1544
watch-stand1610
beacon1611
mount1612
belfry1631
lookout1662
mirador1672
lookout tower1748
toot1770
watch point1893
observation post1909
lookout station1928
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > fire signal > signal station or watch-tower
firehouse1450
beacon1611
signal station1803
1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xxxi. 49 Therefore was the name of it called..Mizpah [margin. that is a beacon or watchtower].
1772 T. Pennant Tours Scotl. 104 On the eminencies beacons were established, for alarming the country.
1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella II. i. xviii. 181 Ascertained by the erection of beacons at suitable distances.
5.
a. A conspicuous hill commanding a good view of the surrounding country, on which beacons were (or might be) lighted. Still applied to such hills in various parts of Britain; e.g. Brecon Beacons near Abergavenny, Dunkery Beacon on Exmoor, Culmstock Beacon, Cothelstone Beacon, etc. (On some of these the beacon towers still exist.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill > [noun] > other
holt1567
beacon1597
ward-hill?a1680
nubble1776
sub-mountain1799
drumlinoid1895
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > fire signal > hill where fire is lit
beacon1597
ward-hill?a1680
1597 T. Beard Theatre Gods Iudgements i. xvi. 58 He lies vpon a beacons side With watchfull eie to circumscribe their traine.
1882 Athenæum 26 Aug. 265/3 Nothing can bring up the image of chalk country like the words combe, dean, beacon.
b. A division of a wapentake; probably a district throughout which a beacon could be seen, or which was bound to furnish one. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > administrative divisions in Britain > wapentake > division of
beacona1642
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 95 There is in everie weapontacke soe many severall divisions or beacons..there is in the weapontacke of Harthill fower beacons,..Bainton beacon, Hunsley beacon [etc.].
6.
a. A lighthouse or other conspicuous object placed upon the coast or at sea, to warn vessels of danger or direct their course.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > buoys, marks, or lighthouses > [noun] > object on land or sea as guide > beacon
beacon1397
warder1584
OE Beowulf 3160 Hl[ǽw] on [h]liðe..[wǽ]gliðendum wide g[e]sýne..beadurófes bécn.]
1397 Act 21 Rich. III xviii. §1 Les Beekenes devant la port Moeqes.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. QQQiii The beken lyghted in the nyght, directeth the mariner..to the port entended.
1684 London Gaz. No. 1911/4 In the place of the Shore Beacon, there is at present a white Buoy laid.
1837 N. Hawthorne Amer. Notebks. (1972) iii. 165 A ledge of rocks, with a beacon upon it.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xvii. 28 My blessing..Is on the waters day and night, And like a beacon guards thee home. View more context for this quotation
b. figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > cautionary advice or admonition
warningc1000
monishinga1382
admonition?c1400
monitionc1400
advertisementc1475
monishment1483
premonishment?1548
document1549
caveat1557
warner1565
commonition1566
monitory?1567
commonefaction1576
memento1580
lessoning1583
alarm1608
beacon1609
cautiona1616
documentation1753
heads up1977
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. ii. 15 Modest doubt is calld The beacon of the wise. View more context for this quotation
1773 Ld. Monboddo Orig. & Progress of Lang. (1774) I. Introd. 3 My errors may be of use, by serving as beacons to direct into the right course men of greater learning.
1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes ii. 84 Great brother souls, flame-beacons through so many lands and times.
c. Aeronautics. A light placed at or in the vicinity of an aerodrome for the guidance of pilots; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > navigation of course of aircraft > [noun] > light for guidance of aircraft
traffic light1912
beacon1918
flare path1919
airway beacon1926
obstruction light1934
marker1936
fixed light1960
1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 9 Aërial Lighthouses, aerial beacons to guide aviators at night through the atmospheric ocean.
1927 V. W. Pagé Mod. Aircraft (1928) xvii. 700 These beacons are usually mounted on towers of sufficient height so that they will be above obstacles which might obstruct the beam.
1930 Aircraft Engin. II. 211 Night Beacons for Night Flying.
1957 Encycl. Brit. I. 228/2 Beacon lights, which mark major airways and airports..consist of a searchlight which throws a beam of white light elevated several degrees above the horizontal.
d. A radio transmitter enabling pilots to fix their position or the aerodrome staff to locate, identify, or guide aircraft; also marker beacon, radio beacon, and attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > navigation of course of aircraft > [noun] > radio beam or beacon
beacon1919
localizer1922
beam1927
landing beam1929
marker beacon1929
fan marker1948
1919 Pop. Sci. Monthly Oct. 49/2 What is a radio beacon?
1922 Nature 20 May 650/1 Until two or three years ago the radiophares—or radio-beacons as they are called in America—were purely stations for giving ships their positions.
1929 Techn. News Bull., Bureau of Standards Nov. 108 The Bureau has found it necessary to give..attention to marker beacons, for two purposes. One is the adaptation of the marker beacon principle for use..on the airways in connection with the visual beacon system. Another is the provision of marker beacons as auxiliaries..with fog-landing equipment.
1932 F. E. Terman Radio Engin. xvi. 593 The instant when the received beacon signal goes through zero.
1937 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 41 591 An analysis of the flight of an aeroplane, when directed by means of a radio beacon.
1962 Times 21 Feb. 10/2 Direct communication with the capsule was briefly lost as it reentered the atmosphere because of an ionization process, but beacon signals were received.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as beacon-bell, beacon-blaze, beacon-grate, beacon-place, beacon-turret, beacon-vessel; also beacon-wise adv.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [adverb] > in manner of beacon
beacon-wise1548
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > fire signal > place where a beacon is set
beacon-place1548
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [noun] > fire signal > grate of a beacon
beacon-grate1820
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > buoys, marks, or lighthouses > [noun] > object on land or sea as guide > beacon > types of
watereOE
Jack in the Basket1710
balize1847
beacon-bell1862
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xix. f. 154 Out of the beakon place of the Crosse.
1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Eng. 8/1 in Chron. I He gaue knowledge thereof to his wyfe, in raysing a fyre on heygte beaconwyse.
1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles i. xxii. 30 By that blithe beacon-light they steer'd.
1820 W. Scott Monastery II. iv. 161 The glow-worm, which makes a goodly show among the grass of the field, would be of little avail if deposited in a beacon-grate.
1862 C. Norton Lady of La Garaye Ded. 30 A voice whose sound Came like a beacon-bell, heard clear above The whirl of violent waters.

Draft additions December 2002

beacon school n. a school with an exceptionally good record and reputation, to which others look as an example; (spec. in the U.K.) one of a number of such schools which, since 1998, have been granted extra government funding in return for advising other schools on their methods.
ΚΠ
1981 R. A. Dentler & M. B. Scott Schools on Trial iv. 100 The beacon schools concept..was a warmed-over version of a part of Coakley's 1975 plan that had been rejected by the masters and entailed proliferating magnet schools within the eight community districts.
1986 Washington Post 15 Feb. a26/1 School systems throughout the country are now learning to look carefully at these exceptional schools and develop ways to replicate their methods more widely. In Cleveland, one of these beacon schools is Forest Hill Parkway Elementary.
1998 Evening Post (Bristol) (Electronic ed.) 30 Apr. Some of the country's most successful schools are to take a more active role in raising education standards, school standards minister Stephen Byers announced today. He unveiled a £1.8 million programme to create a network of 100 ‘beacon schools’.
2002 Clevedon (Somerset) Mercury (Electronic ed.) 19 June This week 166 new beacon schools took the total in the UK to 1,150. Each one gets about £36,000 to pay for work with other schools, sharing knowledge and practices.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

beaconv.

/ˈbiːkən/
Etymology: < beacon n.
1. transitive. to beacon up: to raise or kindle as a beacon. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > illumination > illuminate [verb (transitive)] > with or as with fire
inflame1477
bonfire1605
to beacon up1644
kindle1685
beacon1803
flare1853
1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 30 We have lookt so long upon the blaze that Zuinglius and Calvin hath beacon'd up to us.
1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs Pref. 13 A greater light in Physick then what Galen has beaconed up to us.
2.
a. To light up, as a beacon-fire does.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > illumination > illuminate [verb (transitive)] > with or as with fire
inflame1477
bonfire1605
to beacon up1644
kindle1685
beacon1803
flare1853
1803 T. Campbell Poems 3 'Tis the fireshower of ruin..that beacons the darkness of Heaven.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby v. xxxvii. 267 Where far the mansion of her sires Beaconed the dale with midnight fires.
b. figurative. To give light and guidance to; to lead.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > guide
wieldeOE
steera1000
wisc1000
wiseOE
turnc1175
kenc1200
conduec1330
dressc1330
govern1340
addressc1350
guidea1400
conducec1475
conduct1481
rectifya1500
besteer1603
helm1607
engineer1831
beacon1835
1835 R. Browning Paracelsus ii. 49 Some one truth would dimly beacon me..Into assured light.
1856 R. A. Vaughan Hours with Mystics (1860) I. 11 Whose far glories beacon him..as he rises step by step.
3. To furnish with beacons; to mark the position of, by beacons or a beacon. Occasionally with off, out.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > luminous signals > [verb (transitive)] > furnish with beacons
beacon1821
1821 P. B. Shelley Epipsychidion 13 Thy wisdom..bids me dare Beacon the rocks on which high hearts are wreckt.
1860 Mercantile Marine Mag. 7 174 The..Channel..is as good as buoyed and beaconed by the..Rock and..Reefs.
1883 Daily News 12 June 5/2 The Boers have beaconed out a boundary.
1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 16 Nov. 2/1 The boundary has never been beaconed off.
4. intransitive. To shine like a beacon.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > shine [verb (intransitive)] > like or with a specific thing or quality
shinea1616
beacon1821
1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais lv. 25 The soul of Adonais, like a star, Beacons from the abode where the Eternal are.
1864 Notes & Queries V. 210 Arcturus beaconed from his zenith tower to Cepheus.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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