norman.

Brit.

/ˈnɔːmə/, U.S.

/ˈnɔrmə/

Forms:

α. 1600s– norma.

β. (In sense 2, in Latin genitive form) 1800s– Normae Brit. /ˈnɔːmʌɪ/, /ˈnɔːmiː/, U.S. /ˈnɔrˌmaɪ/, /ˈnɔrˌmi/.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin norma.

Etymology: < classical Latin norma square used by carpenters, masons, etc., for obtaining right angles, a right angle, a standard or pattern of practice or behaviour, in post-classical Latin also (as Norma ) the constellation Norma (1763: see below), probably < ancient Greek γνώμονα , accusative of γνώμων gnomon n., via an (unrecorded) Etruscan form. Compare French norme standard or pattern for practice or behaviour (13th cent. in Old French; 12th cent. in metre norme a to make (something) regular; rare before mid 19th cent.), regular or usual state or condition of something (1867; subsequently greatly influenced in sense development by English norm n.¹), Italian norma model, example, pattern, customary type, rule, criterion (a1294), Spanish norma carpenter's square, pattern, rule, standard (1616), Portuguese norma rule, norm (1781).The use of the Latin genitive case form as postmodifier in star names (see sense 2) is a practice that originated in post-classical Latin.

†1. = norm n.¹ 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > conformity to or with a pattern, etc. > [noun] > a standard or norm

regulaOE

standardc1475

rate1509

square1549

formular1563

squarier1581

scantling1587

the King's beam1607

referencea1627

modulea1628

norme1635

the common beam1647

normaa1676

plummet line1683

norm1821

modulus1857

normative1909

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 344 Again, will they suppose it a Norma, Rule, or Law of a most excellent frame and order.

1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. vi. 211 He is cautious, and never willingly varies from that norma which he has once found successful.

1862 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces (ed. 4) Pref. p. xiii We can only ascertain the normæ of their action.

1885 Mind 10 482 It is not necessarily a mind of heroic or exceptional virtue, but a mind representing a ‘norma’ or exemplar.

2. Astronomy. With capital initial. (The name of) an inconspicuous constellation of the southern hemisphere, lying partly in the Milky Way between Lupus and Ara; the Rule. Also (in form Normae) used as postmodifier in the names of stars belonging to this constellation. Abbreviated Nor (without point).The constellation was originally named in French l'Équerre et la Règle de l'Architecte the Square and the Architect's Rule (N. L. de La Caille 1752, in Mém. de l'Acad. Royale des Sci. (1756) 589); subsequently La Caille used Norma the Rule only ( Coelum Australe Stelliferum (1763) sig. Pp 2/2).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > Southern constellations > [noun] > Norma

norma1810

the Level1899

1810 J. Greig Astrography v. 93 (table) Norma... E of Lupus... P[artially visible].

1824 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 114 469 (table) Names and Magnitudes of Stars... β Normæ. 5.

1896 Science 10 Jan. 63/2 The spectrum..is unlike that of an ordinary nebula or of the new stars in Auriga, Norma and Carina.

1946 B. J. Bok & P. F. Bok Milky Way (ed. 2) i. 4 The section of the Milky Way from Sagittarius through Scorpio, Norma, Circinus, Centaurus, Crux (the Southern Cross) and Carina has great brilliance.

1990 P. S. Harrington Touring Universe through Binoculars vii. 183 NGC 6067 lies just north of 5th-magnitude Kappa Normae.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	norma
释义	norman. Brit. /ˈnɔːmə/, U.S. /ˈnɔrmə/ Forms: α. 1600s– norma. β. (In sense 2, in Latin genitive form) 1800s– Normae Brit. /ˈnɔːmʌɪ/, /ˈnɔːmiː/, U.S. /ˈnɔrˌmaɪ/, /ˈnɔrˌmi/. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin norma. Etymology: < classical Latin norma square used by carpenters, masons, etc., for obtaining right angles, a right angle, a standard or pattern of practice or behaviour, in post-classical Latin also (as Norma ) the constellation Norma (1763: see below), probably < ancient Greek γνώμονα , accusative of γνώμων gnomon n., via an (unrecorded) Etruscan form. Compare French norme standard or pattern for practice or behaviour (13th cent. in Old French; 12th cent. in metre norme a to make (something) regular; rare before mid 19th cent.), regular or usual state or condition of something (1867; subsequently greatly influenced in sense development by English norm n.¹), Italian norma model, example, pattern, customary type, rule, criterion (a1294), Spanish norma carpenter's square, pattern, rule, standard (1616), Portuguese norma rule, norm (1781).The use of the Latin genitive case form as postmodifier in star names (see sense 2) is a practice that originated in post-classical Latin. †1. = norm n.¹ 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > conformity to or with a pattern, etc. > [noun] > a standard or norm regulaOE standardc1475 rate1509 square1549 formular1563 squarier1581 scantling1587 the King's beam1607 referencea1627 modulea1628 norme1635 the common beam1647 normaa1676 plummet line1683 norm1821 modulus1857 normative1909 a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 344 Again, will they suppose it a Norma, Rule, or Law of a most excellent frame and order. 1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. vi. 211 He is cautious, and never willingly varies from that norma which he has once found successful. 1862 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces (ed. 4) Pref. p. xiii We can only ascertain the normæ of their action. 1885 Mind 10 482 It is not necessarily a mind of heroic or exceptional virtue, but a mind representing a ‘norma’ or exemplar. 2. Astronomy. With capital initial. (The name of) an inconspicuous constellation of the southern hemisphere, lying partly in the Milky Way between Lupus and Ara; the Rule. Also (in form Normae) used as postmodifier in the names of stars belonging to this constellation. Abbreviated Nor (without point).The constellation was originally named in French l'Équerre et la Règle de l'Architecte the Square and the Architect's Rule (N. L. de La Caille 1752, in Mém. de l'Acad. Royale des Sci. (1756) 589); subsequently La Caille used Norma the Rule only ( Coelum Australe Stelliferum (1763) sig. Pp 2/2). ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > Southern constellations > [noun] > Norma norma1810 the Level1899 1810 J. Greig Astrography v. 93 (table) Norma... E of Lupus... P[artially visible]. 1824 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 114 469 (table) Names and Magnitudes of Stars... β Normæ. 5. 1896 Science 10 Jan. 63/2 The spectrum..is unlike that of an ordinary nebula or of the new stars in Auriga, Norma and Carina. 1946 B. J. Bok & P. F. Bok Milky Way (ed. 2) i. 4 The section of the Milky Way from Sagittarius through Scorpio, Norma, Circinus, Centaurus, Crux (the Southern Cross) and Carina has great brilliance. 1990 P. S. Harrington Touring Universe through Binoculars vii. 183 NGC 6067 lies just north of 5th-magnitude Kappa Normae. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1676
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