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单词 norse
释义

Norsen.adj.

Brit. /nɔːs/, U.S. /nɔrs/
Forms: 1500s Norsh, 1500s– Norse; also Scottish pre-1700 Norce, pre-1700 Nors, 1700s Norss, 1900s– Nurse.
Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably a borrowing from Dutch. Probably partly a borrowing from a Scandinavian language. Etymon: Dutch noors.
Etymology: Probably partly < Dutch noors (adjective) Norwegian (although this is first attested later: a1785 as noorsch ), probably originally a variant of noords northern, northerly (1685 as noortsch in sense ‘Norwegian’ (obsolete); Middle Dutch nortsch , nordsch , noordsch , noortsch < nort north adv. + -sch -ish suffix1; compare Old Frisian norsch , nordsch , northesk , norsk (West Frisian noarsk )), and partly (especially in Scots use) < a form in a Scandinavian language (compare Icelandic norskur (17th cent.), Norwegian norsk , Old Swedish norisker , norsker (Swedish norsk ), Danish norsk , all adjectives in sense ‘Norwegian’), with loss of final -k (perhaps after Scots adj. and n.; compare -ish suffix1), probably < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic norrœnn Norren n. + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic -iskr -ish suffix1 (compare Old Norwegian nornst (neuter), Old Swedish nornisker , and also Middle Low German nornesch , norrensch , norresch , norrisch , probably a borrowing from Scandinavian with suffix substitution). Compare Nords n., Norish adj.
A. n.
1.
a. The Norwegian language; the Norn language. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian > Norwegian
Norsea1560
Norwegian1605
Nordsa1696
Norsk1844
a1560 R. Johnson Certaine Notes in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1598) I. 283 We fell with Norway, and on that coste lieth..Northbergen, and this people are under the King of Denmarke: But they differ in their speech from the Danes, for they speak Norsh.
a1688 J. Wallace Descr. Orkney (1693) 33 All speak English with a good Accent, only some of the common People among themselves speak Norse or the old Gottish Language.
1701 J. Brand Brief Descr. Orkney, Zetland 69 The Norse hath continued ever since the Norvegians had these Isles in Possession.
1763 H. Blair Crit. Diss. Poems of Ossian 39 Their ancient language..is called the Norse; and is a dialect..of the Scandinavian tongue.
1809 A. Edmondston View Zetland Islands I. 142 Pure Norse or Norwegian is now unknown in it [sc. Zetland].
1874 R. Cowie Shetland (ed. 2) 24 In 1774, some of the people in Foula could repeat the Lord's Prayer in Norse.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 294/1 (heading) Norwegian or Norse.
b. The Scandinavian language group; North Germanic. Also: Old Norse.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian
runic1665
Scandinavian1766
Old Norse1833
ON1864
Norse1927
Nordic1940
1927 E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse 245 Old Norse was the language spoken by the North Germanic peoples (Scandinavians) from the time when Norse first became differentiated from the speech of other Germanic peoples.
1990 K. Thomas Gender & Subj. in Higher Educ. (BNC) 67 There's a friend of mine doing Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic—what on earth is she going to do with that afterwards?
1992 W. Bright Internat. Encycl. Linguistics IV. 89/1 It is manifested by the hierarchization of vocabulary into aesthetically marked vs. unmarked forms, referred to metaphorically as ‘language of gods’ vs. ‘language of men’ (cf. Greek, Norse, and Hittite).
2.
a. A Norwegian. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia > the Norwegians > native or inhabitant of Norway
Norgana1387
Norwegian?a1425
Norse1576
Norman1605
Norweyan1817
1576 W. Burrough Deposition 23 June in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations 415 The Norwegians or Norses and people of Finmarke subiects to the king of Denmarke.
1589 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations ii. 245 The Norses [L. Norwegienses] haue possessed many lands and Islands of this Empire.
a1634 A. Gardyne Theatre Scotish Worthies (1878) 17 Att the Largs..Where numbers of thy Norces left yet ly.
b. With plural agreement. The inhabitants of Scandinavia in ancient or medieval times, collectively.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun]
Norse1848
the world > people > ethnicities > Germanic people > ancient Germanic peoples > [noun] > Vikings > person
Lochlann1706
Norseman1817
Norse1848
Anglo-Scandinavian1853
1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. i. i. 17 A simple song, that..betrayed its origin in the ballad of the Norse.
1902 A. MacBain in W. F. Skene Highland. Scotl. 396 Erp, son of Meldun, was captured by the Norse.
1937 N. M. Gunn Highland River v. 81 The Norse occupied the flat lands along the lower reaches of the river.
1972 W. B. Lockwood Panorama Indo-European Lang. vii. 126 As many as 5,000 Norse are believed to have lived in Greenland.
1992 Nat. Hist. Feb. 18/3 According to the sagas, the venture was doomed by Skraeling hostility and internal fighting among the Norse.
3. Norway. Also: (personified) the king of Norway. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia > the Norwegians
Norwaysc1175
Norreisc1300
Norse1719
1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 4 The king of Norse..Landed in fair Scotland.
1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 6 Now that Norse do's proudly boast Fair Scotland to inthrall.
1830 W. Scott Doom of Devorgoil i. ii. 55 A goodly garrison To hold a castle, which, if fame say true, Once foil'd the King of Norse and all his rovers.
B. adj.
Originally: of or relating to Norway or its language; Norwegian. Later: of or relating to Scandinavia or its language, esp. in ancient or medieval times.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [adjective]
Norsea1650
scanic1665
Scandian1668
Scandic1708
Scandinavian1784
Norsk1851
Scandinavianized1924
Scandihoovian1968
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Scandinavia and Iceland > [adjective] > Nordic
Norsea1650
Nordic1824
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Scandinavia and Iceland > [adjective] > Norway
Norwegian?a1425
Norna1450
Norgan1586
Norway1599
Norweyana1616
Norisha1639
Norsea1650
the world > people > ethnicities > Germanic people > ancient Germanic peoples > [adjective] > Vikings
Norsea1650
Ostmannic1843
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian
Scandian1668
Scandinavian1784
Nordic1824
Norse1844
Anglo-Norse1927
a1650 Index Buchanan's Index Hist. MS (Edinb. Univ.) Norvegi, the Nors or Norway men under the croune of Denmark.
1711 R. Sibbald Descr. Isles Shetland 4 in Descr. Isles Orknay & Zetland Many of them, are descended from the Norvegians, and speak a Norse Tongue, corrupted, (they call Norn) amongst themselves.
1768 T. Gray Fatal Sisters in Poems 72 The fatal sisters... From the Norse-tongue.
1774 G. Low Tour Orkney & Shetl. (1879) 105 The Norse Language is much worn out here..; it was the language of the last age.
1821 W. Scott Pirate I. i. 17 Land..in possession of the Norse inhabitants.
1844 Proc. Philol. Soc. 1 236 The examples drawn from the oldest Norse composition.
1874 R. Cowie Shetland (ed. 2) 10 The first of the famous Norse jarls of Orkney and Zetland.
1927 E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse p. xxxv The oldest Norse poetry preserved traditions which belonged not merely to the Norse peoples but to the Germanic race as a whole.
1954 W. D. Simpson Viking Congr. 230 The Norse words that can nowadays be retrieved in Caithness are..sufficient to indicate a sometime complete and independent Norse idiom in the northernmost part of the Scottish mainland.
2000 Trav. & Leisure May 28/2 You'll discover huge murals depicting Norse legends.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.a1560
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