offwardadj.adv.n.

Brit.

/ˈɒfwəd/, U.S.

/ˈɔfwərd/,

/ˈɑfwərd/

Forms: see off adv. and -ward suffix.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: off adv., -ward suffix.

Etymology: < off adv. + -ward suffix. Compare offwards adv.

A. adj.

†1. Turned or directed off or away; averse. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [adjective] > turning aside from a course of action

deviantc1400

offward1563

non-resident1616

stroddling1647

sidestepping1902

1563 J. Man tr. W. Musculus Common Places Christian Relig. 22 To haue any ofwarde will and turned from God.

1629 L. Andrewes XCVI. Serm. xi. 103 Righteousnesse..was not so of-ward before, but she is now as forward.

2. Relating to or designating the ‘off’ side of an animal or vehicle; = off adv. 2a. Now rare (in later use regional).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > quality of having sides or being a side > [adjective] > situated at the side > right

right1489

dexter1562

right hand1587

dexterous1646

dextral1646

offward1710

right-sided1829

1710 London Gaz. No. 4727/4 A little white on his offward Heel behind.

1970 H. Orton & P. M. Tilling Surv. Eng. Dial. III. i. 106 Q[uestion]. When you have two horses pulling a wagon side by side, how do you distinguish them? [Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire] Offward-horse, offward-side.

B. adv. (and n.)

1. In a direction or position off or away from something; (Nautical) away from the shore. Also as n. in to the offward (Nautical): towards the open sea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > [adverb] > away from some thing or place

awayeOE

outeOE

frowardOE

offOE

yondwardc1275

yonwarda1387

waywardsc1390

fromwarda1547

offward1582

fromwardsa1661

orf1845

the world > space > place > absence > [adverb] > away from some recognized place

outeOE

thencec1290

thenne1297

hencec1300

forth14..

afield1483

offward1582

therehence1611

1582 R. Madox Register 20 July in E. S. Donno Elizabethan in 1582 (1976) 152 Luk Ward..seeing us cast offward cam aboord.

1582 R. Madox Register 22 July in E. S. Donno Elizabethan in 1582 (1976) 154 We cast to th [e] offward to west norwest.

1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 567 Then Ionas was so wise, to be as far of-ward as possibly he might.

1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 71 If her sterne lie towards the sea, we say her sterne lies to the off-ward, and her head to the shore-ward.

1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship II. 254 Offward, from the shore.

1817 Lintoun Green in R. Brown Comic Poems 23 He stole affward sly.

1827 G. Darley Sylvia v. ix. 204 The bee mourning tracks the flower That winds bear offward from its bower.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) The ship heels offward.

a1892 Ld. Tennyson Devil & Lady (1930) iv. iii. 66 Is the coast clear? Has he heel'd offward?

1959 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dialects: C908) Track 67 [Surrey] You struck out on what we called a veering, you ploughed the offward, you ploughed so much offward, you ploughed what we called a toward and then you'd come to the furrow at the finish.

1999 D. Leone Eat this, San Francisco 21 If you'll kindly excuse me wandering offward,..Delta's also featured..my favorite waiterguyperson.

2003 C. Proctor Beyond Sunrise xxvi. 299 The corvette..came to an abrupt halt, spars shivering as she heeled sharply offward.

2. English regional. In the direction of the ‘off’ or right side of an animal, vehicle, etc. (opposed to toward).Evidence is recorded from Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, and Middlesex.

ΚΠ

1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 13 May 1775 The cattle may be eased, by turning offward or toward, at pleasure.

1863 Trans. Archaeol. Soc. 2 186 I notched my plough offward and toward.

1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 333/1 [Middlesex] To plough offward, is to turn to the right at the end of the furrows. ‘Hold offward’, turn to the right. Opposed to ‘toward’, to the left.

Derivatives

† offwardness n. Obsolete rare the state of being turned away; averseness, aversion.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun]

un-i-willa1225

unlustc1230

dangerc1290

loathnessa1300

thronessa1400

grudgingc1420

nilling?a1425

unlustiness?a1425

loathinessc1449

difficulty?c1450

grudge1477

sticking1525

scruple1526

unreadiness1526

sweerness1533

dangerousness1548

untowardnessa1555

envy1557

loathsomeness1560

retractation1563

stickling1589

indisposition1593

loathfulness1596

backwardness1597

unwillingness1597

reluctation1598

offwardness1600

undisposedness1600

hinka1614

reluctancy1621

reluctancea1628

renitence1640

nolencea1651

nolencya1651

indisposedness1651

shyness1651

nolition1653

costiveness1654

sullenness1659

scrupling1665

regret1667

queerness1687

stickiness1689

disinclination1695

uneasinessa1715

tarditude1794

disclination1812

inalacrity1813

grudgingness1820

tarrowing1832

reticence1863

grudgery1889

balkiness1894

safety first1913

1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 1 His of-wardnesse from God and God's favourable inclination ever more to him.

1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 137 Their marvellous of-wardnesse and unwillingness..to the shedding of bloud.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	offward
释义	offwardadj.adv.n. Brit. /ˈɒfwəd/, U.S. /ˈɔfwərd/, /ˈɑfwərd/ Forms: see off adv. and -ward suffix. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: off adv., -ward suffix. Etymology: < off adv. + -ward suffix. Compare offwards adv. A. adj. †1. Turned or directed off or away; averse. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [adjective] > turning aside from a course of action deviantc1400 offward1563 non-resident1616 stroddling1647 sidestepping1902 1563 J. Man tr. W. Musculus Common Places Christian Relig. 22 To haue any ofwarde will and turned from God. 1629 L. Andrewes XCVI. Serm. xi. 103 Righteousnesse..was not so of-ward before, but she is now as forward. 2. Relating to or designating the ‘off’ side of an animal or vehicle; = off adv. 2a. Now rare (in later use regional). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > quality of having sides or being a side > [adjective] > situated at the side > right right1489 dexter1562 right hand1587 dexterous1646 dextral1646 offward1710 right-sided1829 1710 London Gaz. No. 4727/4 A little white on his offward Heel behind. 1970 H. Orton & P. M. Tilling Surv. Eng. Dial. III. i. 106 Q[uestion]. When you have two horses pulling a wagon side by side, how do you distinguish them? [Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire] Offward-horse, offward-side. B. adv. (and n.) 1. In a direction or position off or away from something; (Nautical) away from the shore. Also as n. in to the offward (Nautical): towards the open sea. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > [adverb] > away from some thing or place awayeOE outeOE frowardOE offOE yondwardc1275 yonwarda1387 waywardsc1390 fromwarda1547 offward1582 fromwardsa1661 orf1845 the world > space > place > absence > [adverb] > away from some recognized place outeOE thencec1290 thenne1297 hencec1300 forth14.. afield1483 offward1582 therehence1611 1582 R. Madox Register 20 July in E. S. Donno Elizabethan in 1582 (1976) 152 Luk Ward..seeing us cast offward cam aboord. 1582 R. Madox Register 22 July in E. S. Donno Elizabethan in 1582 (1976) 154 We cast to th [e] offward to west norwest. 1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 567 Then Ionas was so wise, to be as far of-ward as possibly he might. 1644 H. Mainwaring Sea-mans Dict. 71 If her sterne lie towards the sea, we say her sterne lies to the off-ward, and her head to the shore-ward. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship II. 254 Offward, from the shore. 1817 Lintoun Green in R. Brown Comic Poems 23 He stole affward sly. 1827 G. Darley Sylvia v. ix. 204 The bee mourning tracks the flower That winds bear offward from its bower. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) The ship heels offward. a1892 Ld. Tennyson Devil & Lady (1930) iv. iii. 66 Is the coast clear? Has he heel'd offward? 1959 Recorded Interview (Brit. Libr. Sound Archive) (Survey Eng. Dialects: C908) Track 67 [Surrey] You struck out on what we called a veering, you ploughed the offward, you ploughed so much offward, you ploughed what we called a toward and then you'd come to the furrow at the finish. 1999 D. Leone Eat this, San Francisco 21 If you'll kindly excuse me wandering offward,..Delta's also featured..my favorite waiterguyperson. 2003 C. Proctor Beyond Sunrise xxvi. 299 The corvette..came to an abrupt halt, spars shivering as she heeled sharply offward. 2. English regional. In the direction of the ‘off’ or right side of an animal, vehicle, etc. (opposed to toward).Evidence is recorded from Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, and Middlesex. ΚΠ 1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 13 May 1775 The cattle may be eased, by turning offward or toward, at pleasure. 1863 Trans. Archaeol. Soc. 2 186 I notched my plough offward and toward. 1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 333/1 [Middlesex] To plough offward, is to turn to the right at the end of the furrows. ‘Hold offward’, turn to the right. Opposed to ‘toward’, to the left. Derivatives † offwardness n. Obsolete rare the state of being turned away; averseness, aversion. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [noun] un-i-willa1225 unlustc1230 dangerc1290 loathnessa1300 thronessa1400 grudgingc1420 nilling?a1425 unlustiness?a1425 loathinessc1449 difficulty?c1450 grudge1477 sticking1525 scruple1526 unreadiness1526 sweerness1533 dangerousness1548 untowardnessa1555 envy1557 loathsomeness1560 retractation1563 stickling1589 indisposition1593 loathfulness1596 backwardness1597 unwillingness1597 reluctation1598 offwardness1600 undisposedness1600 hinka1614 reluctancy1621 reluctancea1628 renitence1640 nolencea1651 nolencya1651 indisposedness1651 shyness1651 nolition1653 costiveness1654 sullenness1659 scrupling1665 regret1667 queerness1687 stickiness1689 disinclination1695 uneasinessa1715 tarditude1794 disclination1812 inalacrity1813 grudgingness1820 tarrowing1832 reticence1863 grudgery1889 balkiness1894 safety first1913 1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 1 His of-wardnesse from God and God's favourable inclination ever more to him. 1600 Abp. G. Abbot Expos. Prophet Ionah 137 Their marvellous of-wardnesse and unwillingness..to the shedding of bloud. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.adv.n.1563
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