† nurnv.
Obsolete. rare.
1.
a. transitive. To utter, say.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak, say, or utter [verb (transitive)]
speakc825
queatheOE
forthdoc900
i-seggenc900
sayeOE
speak971
meleOE
quidOE
spella1000
forthbringc1000
givec1175
warpa1225
mootc1225
i-schirea1250
upbringa1250
outsay?c1250
spilec1275
talec1275
wisea1300
crackc1315
nevena1325
cast1330
rehearsec1330
roundc1330
spend1362
carpa1375
sermona1382
to speak outc1384
usea1387
minc1390
pronouncea1393
lancec1400
mellc1400
nurnc1400
slingc1400
tellc1400
wordc1400
yelpc1400
worka1425
utterc1444
outspeakc1449
yielda1450
arecchec1460
roose?a1475
cutc1525
to come forth with1532
bubble1536
prolate1542
report1548
prolocute1570
bespeak1579
wield1581
upbraid1587
up with (also mid) ——1594
name1595
upbrayc1600
discoursea1616
tonguea1616
to bring out1665
voice1665
emit1753
lip1789
to out with1802
pitch1811
go1836
to open one's head1843
vocabulize1861
shoot1915
verbal1920
be1982
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 65 (MED) Anoþer nayed also, and nurned þis cawse.
a1500 (c1400) St. Erkenwald (1977) 152 (MED) No lede..may..his nome ne his note nourne of one speche.
b. intransitive. To speak, discourse.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speak [verb (intransitive)]
matheleOE
speakc888
spellc888
yedc888
i-quethec900
reirdOE
meldOE
meleOE
quidOE
i-meleOE
wordOE
to open one's mouth (also lips)OE
mootOE
spellc1175
carpa1240
spilec1275
bespeakc1314
adda1382
mella1400
moutha1400
utter?a1400
lalec1400
nurnc1400
parlec1400
talkc1400
to say forthc1405
rekea1450
to say on1487
nevena1500
quinch1511
quetch1530
queckc1540
walk1550
cant1567
twang1602
articulate1615
tella1616
betalk1622
sermocinate1623
to give tongue1737
jaw1748
to break stillness1768
outspeaka1788
to give mouth1854
larum1877
to make noises1909
verbal1974
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 1661 He nolde not for his nurture nurne hir a-ȝaynez.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 1669 Þay dronken & dalten & demed eft nwe To norne on þe same note.
a1500 (c1400) St. Erkenwald (1977) 101 (MED) Bot þat ilke note wos noght, for nourne none couthe.
2. transitive. To ask or request; to urge, press.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)]
yearnOE
bid971
seek971
askOE
beseechc1175
banc1275
yerec1275
cravec1300
desirec1330
impetrec1374
praya1382
nurnc1400
pleadc1400
require1400
fraynec1430
proke1440
requisitea1475
wishc1515
supply1546
request1549
implore?c1550
to speak for ——1560
entreat1565
impetratec1565
obtest?1577
solicit1595
invoke1617
mendicate1618
petition1621
imprecate1636
conjurea1704
speer1724
canvass1768
kick1792
I will thank you to do so-and-so1813
quest1897
to hit a person up for1917
the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > urge or importune
depressc1400
nurnc1400
pressc1440
labourc1450
instancea1513
instanta1513
importune1530
to lie at, upon1535
apply1559
urge1568
importunate1574
ply1581
to put on ——?a1600
flagitate1623
besiege1712
earwig1804
bone1856
tout1920
S.O.S.a1936
opportune1941
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 803 (MED) I norne yow bot for on nyȝt neȝe me to lenge.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 1771 Þat prynce[s] of pris..Nurned hym so neȝe þe þred, þat nede hym bihoued [etc.].
3. transitive. To offer, proffer.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)]
i-bedea800
bidOE
make?a1160
forthc1200
bihedec1275
proffera1325
yielda1382
dressc1384
to serve fortha1393
dight1393
pretend1398
nurnc1400
offerc1425
profita1450
tent1459
tend1475
exhibit1490
propine1512
presentc1515
oblate1548
pretence1548
defer?1551
to hold forth1560
prefer1567
delatea1575
to give forth1584
tender1587
oppose1598
to hold out1611
shore1787
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 1823 I wil no giftez for Gode..; I haf none yow to norne, ne noȝt wyl I take.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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