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单词 obley
释义

obleyn.

Forms:

α. Middle English obblye, Middle English obele, Middle English obeley, Middle English oblay, Middle English oblies (plural), Middle English obly, Middle English oblye, Middle English oublee, Middle English ubble, Middle English uble, Middle English ubli, Middle English ubly, Middle English vbble, Middle English vbbly, Middle English vble, Middle English vbley, Middle English 1800s obley, Middle English–1500s oble, 1500s obbee, 1500s obbley, 1500s obleis (plural), 1500s obleye, 1600s oublie.

β. Middle English oblet, Middle English oblete, Middle English ublet, 1600s oblett.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French obblé, oblee.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman obblé, oblé, oblei, obleie, oblié, oublé, ubblé, ublé, ublee, ublei, ubleie and Old French, Middle French oblee, obleie, oublee, ublee , Middle French oblye , Middle French, French oublie , †oblie communion wafer (c1200), light pastry (end of 12th cent.; a1105 as oblede ) < post-classical Latin oblata light pastry (9th cent.), offering, communion wafer (6th cent.; from 8th cent. (frequently from 11th cent.) in British sources; see note), use as noun of feminine singular of classical Latin oblātus , past participle of offerre offer v. Compare oflete n., oblata n.2, and forms cited at those entries.Post-classical Latin oblata (feminine singular) may represent a re-interpretation of post-classical Latin oblata (neuter plural) in the same sense (4th cent.), spec. use (in sacred contexts) of classical Latin oblāta offerings. Some of the following forms in the Germanic languages are probably < Old French oblee , but others are probably rather < post-classical Latin oblagia , oblagium , oblegium gift, offering, especially offering of food (perhaps 9th cent.; < ancient Greek εὐλογία eulogy n., in Hellenistic Greek also in sense ‘gift’ (Septuagint)), and the two types are difficult to distinguish. Compare Middle Dutch oblie , oblye , hoblye , obelie , oveleye (Dutch oblie rolled wafer; probably < French) beside Middle Dutch ouwel , uwel (Dutch ouwel , (regional) ovele , ovelée wafer), Old Saxon oflige , ofelege , ovelege , ovelegge (Middle Low German ōveleye , ōveleyge , ōvenleye ), Old High German oblegi , obelagi , oblei (Middle High German oblei , obleie , German †Oblei ). The post-classical Latin forms obliga (mid 11th cent.), obleta (in an undated text in Du Cange), etc., are perhaps after Old French. The English forms oblete , oblett show remodelling either after post-classical Latin, or independently after oflete n. N.E.D. (1902) gives the pronunciation as (ǫ·bli) /ˈɒblɪ/.
Obsolete.
1.
a. Christian Church. A wafer, usually thin, flat, and circular, and stamped with a cross, an Agnus Dei, or the letters IHS, prepared for consecration in the celebration of the Eucharist; a communion wafer. historical in later use.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > consumables > eucharistic elements > bread > [noun]
fleshc1000
ofleteOE
mannaa1200
breada1225
bread of lifea1300
host1303
bodya1325
obleya1325
God's bodya1387
cakec1390
singing bread1432
bread of wheata1450
singing loaf1530
God's bread1535
bread god?1548
round robin?1548
holy bread1552
singing cake1553
Jack-in-the-box1554
wafer-cake?1554
wafer1559
wafer-bread1565
breaden god1570
mass cake1579
wafer-god1623
hostel1624
maker1635
hostie1641
oblata1721
altar bread1839
prosphora1874
a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) 857 (MED) He blessede þe bred and to his disciples tok, In þe obley and in þe wyn, his owe fflesch and blode.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 9 Anon þey brouȝte an obley þat was i-sacred [?a1475 anon. tr. the verey body of Criste; L. eucharistiam consecratam].
c1390 (c1350) in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 184 (MED) In his hond bret-ful he beere Of bernynge Obeleis a paniere.
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 10043 Whan þe vble was on þe auter leyd, And þe prest þe wurdes had seyd.
a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 648 Hoc ablatum, obley.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7060 Þe parte of þe oble he saw blak as any pyk.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 1029 The bysshop..toke an obley which was made in lyknesse of brede.
c1509 Devyse Coron. Hen. VIII in W. Maskell Monumenta Ritualia Ecclesiæ Anglicanæ (1847) III. p. lv (note) The kyng shall offre an obbley of brede..with the whiche obleye after consecrate, the king shall be howseld.
1881 T. E. Bridgett Hist. Holy Eucharist I. 169 Very detailed instructions were given..on the preparation of the ofletes or obleys.
1898 J. T. Fowler Durham Cathedral 58 An oven that was used for baking the obleys, or altar-bread.
b. An offering, oblation, sacrifice. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrifice or a sacrifice > [noun]
ofleteeOE
almousOE
houselOE
yieldOE
lakeOE
offeringOE
offeranda1225
sacrificea1300
hosta1340
sacrifyingc1374
mannaa1382
incense1382
oblationc1425
hostie1483
obleya1500
sacrificy?c1510
immolation1534
offerture1537
offrage1548
mactation1563
offertory1596
sacrificing1601
litation1623
elibation1656
sacrification1694
sacrificature1779
society > faith > worship > sacrifice or a sacrifice > [noun] > one who or that which undergoes
offeringOE
offering-lakec1175
offeranda1225
sacrificec1250
hosta1340
presenta1400
hostie1483
victim1497
obleya1500
offer1548
offrage1548
oblation1561
human sacrifice1569
anathema1573
victimate1583
immolation1586
deodatea1600
vict1639
anatheme1655
a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) l. 20 Thou sall accept the sacrifice of rightwisnes..obles [L. oblaciones] and offrandis.
2. A thin cake of pastry; a wafer biscuit.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > [noun] > thin pastry
lozen?c1390
obleya1425
abesse1725
shell-paste1752
a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 26 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 103 Take obleys oþer wafrouns in defaute of loseyns, and cowche in dysshes. Take powdour douce and lay on; salt the broth and lay onoward & messe forth.
c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 28 Tak þe leues of spourge and a gud porcion of zucre, gynger, & flour of whete mele, & mak paste & bake it..&after ete þe obletes.
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 22 Take obles and wafrons... Close hom in dysshes fare and wele.
a1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 392 Also at the Crosse in the Croschepyng, were iij prophettes standyng at the crosse seynsyng, and upon the Crosse a-boven, were Childer of Issarell syngyng and castyng out Whete obles and floures, and iiij pypis rennyng wyne.
1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique v. xxii. 723 The kinde of wafers called Oublies, are made with hony in steed of sugar.
3. A small coin resembling a communion wafer. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > [noun] > coin bearing specific stamp
crossc1330
mill-rind1642
obley1688
ambrosin1753
overdate1951
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 21/1 Obletts are certain pieces of Mony having the stamp of J.H.S. coined thereon..in Value it was worth our Penny Farthing.

Compounds

obley-iron n. = wafer-iron n. at wafer n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > baker's equipment > wafer- or waffle-iron
obley-iron1346
wafer-iron1459
wafer-tongs1763
waffle-iron1794
1346–7 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 118 J par de ublihirnes.
c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 28 Mak paste & bake it in oble yryns.
obley maker n. a person whose occupation is making communion wafers.
ΚΠ
1423 in F. Collins Reg. Freemen York (1897) I. 134 (MED) Robertus Kyldale, obletmaker.
c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 41 Bi the doore of an obley makere.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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