| 释义 |
oakn. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian ēk , Middle Dutch eike , eke (Dutch eik , †eek ), Old Saxon ēc (Middle Low German eik , ēk , eike , ēke ), Old High German eih , eihha (Middle High German eich , eiche , German Eiche ), Old Icelandic eik , Old Swedish ek (Swedish ek ), Danish eg ; further etymology uncertain: probably related to Hellenistic Greek αἰγίλωψ kind of oak tree (see aegilops n.), κράταιγος thorn, and perhaps also to classical Latin aesculus mountain oak.The word is originally a Germanic feminine athematic consonant stem (compare book n., borough n., goose n., louse n., etc.), which in Old English would be expected to show variation between on the one hand the nominative and accusative singular and genitive and dative plural form with stem vowel ā- (and velar consonant), and on the other the genitive and dative singular and nominative and accusative plural form with i-mutated stem vowel ǣ- (and palatalized and assibilated consonant). However, even in Old English the word was becoming assimilated to other declensions with consequent levelling of forms, e.g. the analogical genitive and dative singular form āce is found alongside the expected ǣc . Old English āc was also the name of a runic letter (corresponding to the letter a ), and in this sense was declined as a masculine a- stem. With sense 2b compare the following quot. in which scip-āc is perhaps to be understood as ‘oak tree fit for shipbuilding’:lOE Bounds (Sawyer 142) in D. Hooke Worcs. Anglo-Saxon Charter-bounds (1990) 72 Innon þa scip ac, & of þære scip ac in þa gratan æspan. With sense 8 (the suit of clubs) compare German Eicheln (plural) the suit bearing the figures of acorns. See also etymological note at sense 3. The Middle English forms in n- show metanalysis (see N n.). 1. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > oak as timber tree the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > oak-tree α. eOE (Royal) (1865) i. xxxviii. 98 Nim..elm rinde, & holen rinde, & wiþig rinde & geongre ace. OE Ælfric (Cambr. Gg.3.28) x. 90 Hire hyrdeman..sume ac astah. lOE Bounds (Sawyer 258) in W. de G. Birch (1885) I. 257 Of coferan treowe, on þa bradan ac, of þara [perh. read þæræ] bradan æc on stuteres hylle niðewearde. a1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell (1845) I. 54 (MED) Tak everferne that grewes on the ake. ?a1425 (Egerton) (1889) 35 A tree of ake. 1488 (c1478) Hary (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 821 Wallace retorned besyd a burly ayk. a1500 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 716 Hec quercus,..a nak. a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil (1960) xii. Prol. 167 Endlang the hedgeis thyk, and on rank akis. 1562 W. Turner f. 109 Quercus..is called..in ye North countre an Eike tre... An acorn or an Eykorn, that is ye corne or fruit of an Eike. 1568 A. Scott (1896) ii. 7 Nor Hercules, that aikkis vprent, And dang the devill of hell. 1606 in R. Pitcairn (1833) II. 510 Fyve hundreth grit aikis. a1612 W. Fowler Tarantula of Love in (1914) I. 181 Att the aeks and allers..My plaints I speire. 1721 A. Ramsay I. 258 On scroggy Braes shall Akes and Ashes grow. 1805 R. Anderson 88 O, Matthew! they've cutten the yeks and the eshes, That grew owre anent the kurk waw! 1855 F. K. Robinson 200 Yak, oak. 1878 J. Castillo 25 Awd stiff yack nut eeasy bended. 1901 G. F. Savage-Armstrong 152 The aiks the knowes hae Shaded. 1913 C. Murray 100 Ah, then 'tis pleasant on saft mossy banks 'Neath auncient aiks to ease his wearied shanks. 1928 A. E. Pease 159/1 Yak, an oak... Common also in place and field names—e.g., Yak Rigg. 1997 W. Rollinson 192/1 Yak, oak. 1597 J. Gerard iii. 1159 This Ilex..might be called Holme Oke, Huluer Oke, or Holly Oke, for difference from the shrub or hedge tree Agrifolium, which is simply called Holme, Holly, and Huluer. a1678 T. Hanmer (1933) 127 (heading) The Scarlet Oake. In latine Ilex Coccigera, called Scarlet..from a certaine excrescence growing to some trees. 1766 W. Stork 45 The chestnut oak, very little known in other parts of America, is very common in Florida. 1775 B. Romans 18 The principal however are the following:..Virginian white oak... Dwarf white oak, or post oak. 1831 (Libr. Useful Knowl.) viii. 115/1 The Turkey oak, Quercus cerris, was introduced into England in 1739. 1841 XIX. 212/2 What is called the Durmast oak..seems to us a slight variety of Q. sessiliflora. 1975 16 Jan. 148/3 American woodland in the east..is composed largely of oak, not our oak, but the slim and lofty red oak, white oak, pin oak and chestnut oak. 1994 A. Cleave 160/1 Lucombe Oak..a tall evergreen oak resulting from a cross between the Cork Oak and the Turkey Oak. which originated in Exeter, Devon, in the eighteenth century. 2. The wood of the oak. society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > oak OE 9 Þær wæs hlin ond acc ond se hearda iw ond se fealwa holen. c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in (1906) 15* Fet de tey ou de chene, Made of claye or of hooke. c1390 in F. J. Furnivall (1901) 717 In-to þat schip þer longed a Rooþur, Þat steered þe schip... Þe Roþur was nouþer Ok ne Elm. ?a1425 (c1400) (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 127 Makynge houses and schippes of oke. 1448 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark (1886) II. 8 (MED) All the bord the wich shall be of oke that to the seid flores and steires shall resonable nede. 1480 W. Caxton ccxxiii. 220 Grete staues of fyne oke. 1529 in C. Innes (1845) I. 395 Ane..brig..laid with brandaris of ayk, bulwark of aik and stain abowt the said brig. 1575 in J. Raine (1853) 255 Ij long burds of oyke. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1622) iii. iii. 214 To seale her fathers eyes vp, close as Oake . View more context for this quotation 1664 J. Evelyn (1670) iii. §17 26 Men had indeed hearts of Oak. 1693 26 Taught better manners than to venture upon this man of Oak and Horehead. 1709 in C. R. Lounsbury (1994) 244 The next is Black Oak, which is esteem'd a durable wood, under Water. 1719 D. Defoe 293 They had made about a Dozen large Planks of good Oak, near 2 Foot broad. 1764 A. Murphy Prol. Bold was the man, and fenc'd in ev'ry part With oak, and ten-fold brass about the heart. 1849 1 50 For durability, Spanish oak is much better than either red or post oak. 1888 12 Oct. 4/6 A piece of finely selected English oak. 1894 P. H. Hunter 75 It didna maitter whether the kist was aik or deal. 1923 23 Jan. 1 Sideboard in oak..with finely figured panels of burr walnut. 1934 July 74/4 The living room floors are of cellized southern oak one inch thick. 1988 8 May (Colour Suppl.) 30/1 (advt.) Traditional, solid woods, such as oak, cherry, pine and mahogany. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > oak as material of society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > wood for shipbuilding > specific society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > oak > for shipbuilding OE (transcript of lost MS) 80 [Ac] fereþ gelome ofer ganotes bæþ; garsecg fandaþ hwæþer ac hæbbe æþele treowe. 1764 C. Churchill i. 15 The English Oak, which, dead, commands the flood. 1782 W. Cowper Charity in 181 When Cook..Steer'd Britain's oak into a world unknown. 1801 T. Campbell iii With thunders from her native oak She quells the floods below. 1829 D. Jerrold iii. iv. 46 Death!…since I first trod the king's oak, he has been about me. 1852 J. D. Canning 186 While Yankee oak bears Yankee hearts Courageous to the core. 1892 E. Arnold 121 Dear and dauntless ship, Built of the British Oak.] society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of door > [noun] > other types of door 1780 ‘R. Wittol’ 21 'Tis prudent at first coming down to sport oak. 1810 T. J. Hogg (1858) I. 93 Then the oak is such a blessing. 1827 21 75 Having in the middle of the night nailed up his oak. 1861 T. Hughes I. i. 14 A great..outer door, my oak, which I sport when I go out or want to be quiet. 1912 R. A. Freeman v. 90 My arrival at Thorndyke's chambers was not entirely unexpected... The ‘oak’ was open. 1956 R. Robinson (1963) xvi. 147 The scout departed, and Autumn opened the door, carefully sported the oak on the outer side, then closed the door and locked it. 1974 T. Sharpe ix. 95 Mrs Briggs let herself into Zipser's room and sported the oak. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > [noun] > types of furniture generally 1829 J. Murray Let. 24 Aug. in S. Smiles (1891) II. xxix. 304 The cottage is remarkable for the taste of its appropriate fitting up with ancient oak..from old castles and monasteries. 1877 C. Schreiber 10 Feb. (1911) II. 3 Ivor suddenly resolved to sell all his old oak. 1937 V. Woolf 112 ‘D'you remember..the old oak?’ Curry collected oak chests. 1975 2 Jan. 57/3 (advt.) Good stock of furniture from Early Oak to Victorian. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular tree or plant yielding useful gum or resin > [noun] > terebinth (turpenine) tree a1382 (Bodl. 959) 2 Kings xviii. 9 Whan þe mule wente in vndir a thicke ook [L. quercum] & a gret, þe heuyd of hym [sc. Absalom] cleuede to þe ooc. a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. i. 30 Whan ȝee shul ben as an oek, the leues fallende doun. 1535 Gen. xxxv. B He buried them vnder an Oke [Gk. τερεβινθον; L. terebinthum; a1425 Wycliffite, E.V. theribynte; R.V. marg. or terebinth]. 1611 1 Kings xiii. 14 They sadled him the asse, and he rode thereon, And went after a man of God, and found him sitting vnder an oke [R.V. marg. or terebinth]. 1901 (Amer. Standard Version): 1 Kings xiii. 14 And he went after the man of God, and found him sitting under an oak [margin Or, terebinth]. 1970 2 Sam. xviii. 9 As it passed beneath a great oak [margin or terebinth], his head was caught in its boughs. 1985 Gen. xxxv. 4 Jacob buried them under the oak tree near Shechem. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > bark, wood, twig, leaf, or stump the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > token of victory or supreme excellence > [noun] > award for merit > wreath or fillet > of specific plant the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > jewellery worn on the head > [noun] > coronet or circlet > leaves of the oak, esp. as worn in a chaplet c1385 G. Chaucer 2290 A corone of a grene ook cerial Vpon hir heed. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay xii. 190 The Garlond of Oke, he giueth..to such as..first..enter the breach. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. iii. 14 To a cruell Warre I sent him, from whence he return'd, his browes bound with Oake . View more context for this quotation 1655 W. Sales iv. sig. Rv Herself attired in the holy vestments, with a Garland of Oak upon her head. 1696 T. D'Urfey i. i. 4 May Wreaths of Oak..for ever flourish on Don Quixote's head. 1772 J. Priestley (1782) I. 384 Our custom of wearing oak on the twenty-ninth of May. 1843 J. Pierpoint 61 No leafy wreath we twine, Of oak or Isthmian pine, To grace his brow. 1898 ‘M. Field’ i. 12 The athlete, young Narcissus..has won The wreath of oak and olive intertwined. 1902 R. Wilton 115 An English Wreath we fain would lay Upon this mighty tomb to-day—Of laurel, ivy, oak, and yew. 2007 S. Friar 161/2 The Green Man is the May King (Man-in-the-Oak or Jack-in-the-Green) of May Day ceremonies..wreathed in garlands of oak and hawthorn (may tree). 5. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 619 As also a Spanish-Oak, from the same Island [sc. Barbados]. 1728 R. Bradley at Oak Jerusalem Oak, in Latin, Botrys. 1739 J. Clayton & J. F. Gronovius I. 33 Rhus foliis ternatis..folio querciformi. Poison-Oak. 1760 J. Lee App. 320 Oak, Dwarf, Teucrium. 1861 R. Bentley ii. iii. 645 Oldfieldia africana, yields..African Oak or African Teak. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore II. 798/2 Oak, Indian, Tectona grandis, the Teak tree. 1971 F. H. Titmuss (ed. 4) 221 Oak, Tulip. This hardwood timber has a weight that may vary between 50 and 60 lb. to the cubic foot..it is the timber of Tarrietia argyrodendron. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > Australian or New Zealand oak 1789 [implied in: J. Hunter (1793) 357 Pines, and oak-trees of the largest size were blown down every instant. (at oak tree n. b)]. 1802 J. Fleming in (1879) 22 The land is..thin of timber, consisting of gum, oak, Banksia, and thorn. 1831 G. A. Robinson Jrnl. 23 July in N. J. B. Plomley (1966) 386 The native oak (sheoak). 1838 T. L. Mitchell (1839) I. 38 The dense, umbrageous foliage of the casuarina, or ‘river-oak’ of the colonists. 1841 26 Apr. 2/2 Dry native oak is the best wood for heating ovens. 1862 H. Kendall 56 The wail in the native oak. 1892 A. Sutherland 27 A peculiar class of trees, called..Casuarina, is popularly known as oaks, ‘swamp-oaks’, ‘forest-oaks’, ‘she-oaks’, and so forth, although the trees are not the least like oaks. 1935 F. D. Davison & B. Nicholls 52 The only forest trees remaining were native oaks—she-oak or bull oak—growing in the numerous small swamps. 1965 VI. 381 The word ‘oak’ is usually applied in Australia to various members of the genus Casuarina..because the grain of their timbers resembles that of the English oak, having large conspicuous medullary rays. 1971 J. H. Titmuss (ed. 4) 220 Oak, Tasmanian. A timber closely related to Jarrah... Consignments are made up from three species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus obliqua, Eucalyptus gigantea, and Eucalyptus regnans). the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian 1821 in R. McNab (1908) I. 559 Of white and red pine and a wood called ‘black oak’. 1835 W. Yate (ed. 2) ii. 43 Puriri (Vitex littoralis)—This tree, from its hardness and durability, has been denominated the New-Zealand Oak. a1854 J. Boultbee (1986) 110 Oak—ēnak [sc. inaka: see inanga n. 2]. 1860 G. Bennett xviii. 347 [The pohutukawa] is the New Zealand Oak and Fire-tree of Europeans. 1898 E. E. Morris 471/1 Titoki, Maori name for the New Zealand tree, Alectryon excelsum... Also called New Zealand Oak and New Zealand Ash. 1973 4 Feb. 2/4 The New Zealand oak grows to a height of 60 feet with a trunk sometimes more than two feet in diameter. 1994 E. Orsman & H. Orsman 185/1 Oak, usually as New Zealand oak, any of various trees whose wood is thought to resemble English oak, especially puriri; the wood of these trees. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > [noun] > specific races 1779 27 The Oakes Sweepstakes of 50 gs each, for 3 yrs old fillies carrying 8st. 4lb. the last mile and a ½. 1805 32 The second and last year of a renewal of the Oaks Stakes of 50 gs each. 1813 W. H. W. Betty Let. in G. Playfair (1967) vii. 161 I have some..upon the Oaks and should wish to see the Race. 1870 (rev. ed.) §1317 The stakes run for in the Oaks have recently rivalled in amount those of the Derby, and sometimes surpassed them. 1946 G. Stimpson 497 A group of Derbyshire sportsmen got up what they called a ‘dinner race’ at Epsom. Out of this grew the English Oaks. 1990 K. O. Morgan (BNC) Unbeaten in five races, this treble Oaks winner is a formidable rival. the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [noun] > other browns 1815 Princess Elizabeth Let. in F. Burney (1980) VIII. 200 One good Room——the paper Green, the whole painted light Oak. 1888 25 Oct. 378/1 [Gloves] in the new and beautiful shades of brown, chocolate, oak, tans, and black. 1907 (1969) 145/1 Stains..as used by the Working Ladies Guild, colours:—Rosewood, Satinwood, Oak, Walnut. 1971 Dec. 148/2 Jersey..colours..rosewood, oak, moss. 1847 J. O. Halliwell II Oak,..the club at cards. West. 1888 F. T. Elworthy Oaks, the suit of clubs in cards..‘Oaks be trumps, Mr. Hosegood.’ 1892 S. Hewett 88 I'm beggared ef hoaks bant trumps again! Why, that's dree times urning! 1974 H. Johnson (rev. ed.) 154 The taste of oak... Few Europeans..realize just how much of the characteristic rich, dry white burgundy flavour is really the taste of Limousin or Nevers oak.] 1980 M. Broadbent 15 Oak, a smell deriving from maturation in small French oak casks. Adds a certain character and style but can be overdone. 1991 Apr. 58/3 A big wine with generous citrusy fruit and spicy-toasty new oak character in good balance. 1994 31 Dec. 40/1 The 1991 is typically harmonious, with concentrated fruit and spicy oak. Compounds C1. General use as modifier (cf. oaken adj.). a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil (1959) viii. x. 9 Ane thyk ayk wod..Belappys all the said cuthill about. 1535 Gen. xiii. D So Abram remoued his tent, and wente and dwelt in yeOkegroue of Mamre. a1638 J. Mede (1672) 65 The Quercetum, Oak-toft or Holt of Sichem. 1734 22 June 3/2 300 Acres whereof are rich Savannah, and most of the rest Oak and Hickery Swamps, and no Pine Barren. 1767 Bartram's Jrnl. 56 in W. Stork (ed. 2) Cypress-swamps and oak-hammocks alternately mixed with pine-land. 1814 W. Scott I. x. 127 Edward learned from her that the old hag..was simply a portion of oak copse which was to be felled that day. View more context for this quotation 1838 A. Jameson II. 139 Then succeeded some miles of open flat country, called the Oak Plains, and so called because covered with thickets and groups of oak. 1859 W. S. Coleman 6 Covered with oak-forests. a1862 H. D. Thoreau in J. L. Shanley (1957) 186 Pine woods & oak-thickets. 1918 W. Cather Introd. p. ix The train flashed through never-ending miles of ripe wheat..and oak groves wilting in the sun. 1993 19 Oct. c1/4 The prairie and its attendant oak savannas have become the rarest of North America's major biomes. 1653 in (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1887) V. 151 [Indictment for unjustly taking away an] oak-stoop. 1663 B. Gerbier 66 Oake Roofing raysing pieces eight Inches one way. 1707 J. Mortimer i. i. 8 Oak-stakes are reckon'd the best, and Black-thorn and Sallow next. 1717 in (N. Riding Rec. Soc.) (1890) VIII. 171 One oak chest, one arm chair with some other odd householdments. 1789 J. Pilkington I. viii. 369 For polishing..oak floors and furniture. 1817 W. Scott II. ix. 198 He..sate himself down on the oak table and whistled a strathspey. 1888 M. E. Braddon I. v. 93 The chief characteristic of the interior was the oak-panelling. 1900 31 Oct. Worm-eaters..assist the makers of spurious oak furniture to deceive the public by drilling worm holes into the wood so as to give it an ancient appearance. 1918 ‘R. West’ 30 She laid her arms against the oak mantelpiece and cooled her face against her arms. 1987 B. Duffy (1990) 91 High Table, that oak trencher dark with the grease and drippings of forebears who for some three hundred years had chopped and slopped, sawed and spooned. c. With the sense ‘of, relating to, or made from an oak tree’. 1588 T. Hariot sig. B2 There are also three seuerall kindes of Berries in the forme of Oke akornes, which also by the experience of vse of the inhabitantes, wee finde to yeelde very good and sweete oyle. 1672 (Royal Soc.) 7 5021 To strengthen the Limbs by anointing them with an Oyl, drawn out of the white Oak acorns. 1798 C. Marshall (ed. 2) vi. 80 Let oak acorns be thrown into water, and those only used which sink quickly. 1878 12 182 In this place (Lansing, Michigan) white oak acorns germinate in autumn. 1991 Jan. 44/3 I collected two and a half gallons of tan-bark oak acorns. 1707 J. Mortimer 116 Wormwood laid in the Mault is a god thing to kill them, and likewise Oak-ashes. 1813 Sept. 199/2 A commerce was established between the principality of Hesse and Holland of oak ashes, under the denomination of lye-ashes. 1927 33 203 He [sc. the overseer] was physician for both mule and negro, curing the colic of one with tobacco and oak-ashes. 2018 10 Jan. g4/2 ‘We have great cheese producers in central Mexico’, Martinez said, handing us a slice of an appenzeller-style cheese that had been cured in oak ashes. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 947 I would therefore advise them to smoak Straw with Brimstone, once in two or three nights, and so they might cover them securely, with that which would preserve them infinitely beyond the Covering with Oak-boughs. 1855 H. W. Longfellow iii. 44 From an oak-bough made the arrows, Tipped with flint, and winged with feathers. 1983 D. Clifford xi. 90 The Friar broke off a young oak bough and waved it about his sweating forehead. a1722 J. Toland (1726) I. 88 Their..performing no religious rites without Oak-branches or Leaves, will prove no valid exception. 1883 Jan. 196/1 A sudden escape from curtaining oak branches brought us full upon the summit. 1980 W. J. Smith (1982) i. vii. 80 The lights of the passing cars, reflected upwards, threw the oak branches into grotesque relief on the ceiling. 1649 S. Winter & F. Dickinson i. 11 Take the red Oake buds when they come out first, distill them.., then put in as much Roch Allome as will make it taste a little of it. a1722 E. Lisle (1757) 214 The oak-buds killed five of the udder-cattle. 1843 R. S. Surtees III. ii. 15 A slight change was just visible on the oak-buds. 1942 28 211 It was rather common to find a group of black oak buds lying where a rabbit had been feeding on the twigs of that species. 1499 (Pynson) sig. lv/2 Oke plante, Ornus. 1652 W. Blith 202 To which purpose they have a strong Oak-plant, about an inch and half over, that is very tough. 1787 J. Hawkins 491 It was an oak-plant of a tremendous size. 1882 R. Jefferies III. xvii. 269 Their backs felt like oak-plants, upright, sturdy but not rigid. 1995 131 152/2 Leaf N[itrogen] concentrations were 1·0 to 1·2% greater in the oak plants. 1769 L. Edward in (1834) I. 20 The oak roots stand upon the sand, and tap-root into the clay. 1882 14 Oct. 335/1 The Oak root gall..is formed by Andricus noduli. 1957 119 94/2 The soil appeared to be a fine silty loam..overlying a hard claylike subsoil... However, the oak roots penetrated this deeper layer. 1766 T. Amory II. xiii. 492 He came to me one night with a small oak sapling, and beat me in such a manner as left me almost dead. 1826 W. Scott in (1884) I. xi. 318 A set-to with oak saplings. 1987 D. Hall iii. 47 Ferns and oak saplings upthrust every Summer. 1874 G. M. Hopkins (1959) 245 A beautiful spray-off of the dead oak-scrolls. 1999 (Nexis) 20 Sept. 28 The ceiling..had carved oak scrolls. 1880 5 72 In this paper he gives the results of his study of the acorns and oak seedlings, not only of the live-oak but of many other species. 1917 W. Owen c16 May (1967) 462 So glad my Oak Seedlings are growing. 1993 Jan. 19/2 Cypress and oak seedlings have been planted along the lake shore. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert f. xxxviiiv Sette the oke settes, and thy asshe .x. or twelfe fote a sonder. 1822 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in 19 Jan. 157 Genuine oak-soil; a bottom of yellow clay. 1969 A. Gourevitch tr. G. F. Morozov in D. Binkley & O. Menyailo i. 1 Foresters began using such expressions as ‘beech soil’, ‘oak soil’, etc., not merely in the sense of a soil suitable for the given species, but with emphasis on the idea that the soils are actually being influenced by the tree stand. 1989 S. Kumar & K. R. Verma in R. D. Khulbe vii. 505 It was observed that oak soil conserved 17.66% more moisture than pine soil. 2002 M. P. Waldrop (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Calif. Berkeley) v. 145 All enzyme activities, except phenol oxidase, were higher in oak soil compared to grassland soils. 1890 J. G. Frazer II. iv. 364 The King of the Wood must have been a personification of the oak-spirit. 1994 (Nexis) 19 Dec. 1 Bryant said..the Celts carried a piece of oak with them, and if they got in trouble they would knock on the oak amulet to wake up the oak spirit. 1709 in B. D. Hicks (1897) II. 361 One other peice of land begining att an oak stump. 1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere vii, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge 44 The rotted old Oak-stump. a1822 P. B. Shelley Cyclops in (1824) 356 A great oak stump. 2002 (Nexis) 27 July c1 A six-inch lizard leaps across a charred oak stump. 1640 in I. 138 None shall fell any oke timber within half a mile of this part of the town. 1767 A. Young 157 Complaints of the decay of oak timber. 1875 T. Laslett viii. 47 Oak timber..in its worst stage of ‘foxiness’. 1991 18 Aug. (Mag.) 11/1 There's a lot of tossing around oak timbers. 1829 T. Wade iii. ii. 45 The stork resumes her ancient tower..The red-breast her old oak-trunk's moss. 1859 W. S. Coleman 8 Framed of oak trunks split through the centre, and roughly pegged together. 1998 O. Rackham (rev. ed.) ii. 37 A dugout boat made from an oak trunk 48 ft long and 5½ ft in diameter at the small end. 1830 S. L. Fairfield 112 Each wildwood rose And oak wreath gave the power which great renown bestows. 1879 J. A. Froude 93 He..won the oak wreath, the Victoria Cross of the Roman army. 1988 93 29 Macaulay's oak wreath and Roman poses are out of fashion, as is her ardent belief in perfectibility. 2001 A. M. Stout in J. L. Sebesta & L. Bonfante v. 82/1 Aside from gold crowns made to look like oak or laurel wreaths, victorious generals were also given laurel wreaths and garlands of flowers by the people themselves. C2. a. Instrumental. 1832 T. Carlyle (1847) III. 69 A stout old-fashioned, oak-balustraded house. 1904 9 July 3/1 He returned and preceded me up a winding, black oak-balustraded staircase. 1998 (Nexis) 30 Oct. 33 Other selling points are the..oak balustraded staircase and..the excellent kitchen. 1886 W. J. Tucker 33 A low, oak-beamed room. 1992 D. Spoto v. 81 The prevalent tone of Ringmaster was politely sordid in its oak-beamed, chintz-covered country-house way. 1897 Sept. 270 The broad oak staircase gave access to a great gallery, oak-boarded. 1990 (Nexis) 3 June A restored oak-boarded 17th-century coffer. a1748 J. Thomson (1750) 24 From Norwood's oak-clad hill. 1854 R. S. Surtees (new ed.) lviii. 406 An oak-clad ravine. 1987 S. Bixby Smith 111 ‘Lucky’ Baldwin was developing to the east that loveliest of all oak-clad ranches, the Santa Anita. 1816 W. S. Walker 6 Germany heard, through her oak-covered vales, The shouts of our warriors like thunderbolts spread! 1911 J. London War in 29 July 635/2 When the path swung around to the west, he abandoned it, and headed to the north again along the oak-covered top of the ridge. 2002 (Nexis) 25 May e1 We cruised through Mediterranean-style seacoast towns..with the Pacific surf pounding on one side and the oakcovered mountains rising steep on the other. 1839 H. W. Longfellow I. i. vi. 51 Behind it rise the oak-crested hills of the Geissberg and the Kaiserstuhl. 1998 (Nexis) 5 Sept. 12 a Rolling prairie reaching up to oak-crested hillside. 1747 W. Collins 50 The Oak-crown'd Sisters, and their chaste-eye'd Queen. 1847 J. H. Ingraham vi. 33/1 As I look from the window of the room, I can see the oak-crowned hill that towers above the old Block-house and barracks. 1989 (Nexis) 14 Jan. v. 16 The trail dips in and out of a canyon..and ascends an oak-crowned ridge. 1839 C. J. Lever 278 His days were passed in looking from the deep and narrow windows of some oak-framed room. 1953 E. Simon i. 47 On the walls..two oak-framed prints. 1977 15 Oct. 8/2 The house..had..an oak-framed porch. 1838 4 653/1 Rooms oak-pannelled—inside folding window-shutters—the house quite ruinous and deserted. 1910 I. 47/2 They..contain the great hall with an open timber ceiling and oak-panelled walls. 1992 B. Unsworth xvii. 123 The small, oak-panelled sanctum he called his study. 1798 3 116 The soil is clay, destitute of stones, and for the most part oak timbered. 1874 Mar. 53/1 We cannot, in these times of excessive competition, go back to the old oak-timbered, floored houses of our ancestors. 2000 P. Lagasse 43043 The narrow streets are lined by many oak-timbered, black-and-white houses. 1836 F. Witts 13 Sept. (1978) 132 Two very enjoyable drawing rooms with an oak-wainscotted dining room. 1898 Sept. 754 He ushered me into a fine old oak-wainscoted hall. 1996 (Nexis) 23 Oct. a1 At the University of Toronto, in the airy, oak-wainscotted Diabolo Coffee Bar, the Days of Action got a warmer reception. b. Objective. 1608 W. Shakespeare ix. 5 Vaunt-currers to Oke-cleauing thunderboults. View more context for this quotation 1801 H. Macneill II. 114 This oak-waving mountain would ward winter's blast. c. Similative. 1918 J. Joyce Ulysses Telemachus in Mar. 5 His fair oakpale hair stirring slightly. 1934 D. Thomas Let. 21 Sept. in (1966) 268 No One more welcome than the oak-trunked maestro—. C3. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > bark, wood, twig, leaf, or stump the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > medicinal trees or shrubs > [noun] > medicinal barks > other medicinal barks 1579 in W. Mackay & H. C. Boyd (1911) I. 273 Eaik and fyr bark. 1666 J. Davies tr. C. de Rochefort 62 As hard as Oak-bark. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 455 Whether this bark is used to give strength to this yarn, as we dye and tan our fishing-nets with oak-bark, or for ornament, is uncertain. 1811 A. T. Thomson ii. 325 Oak bark is inodorous, has a rough astringent taste. 1991 C. Hill 9 Age-old oak bark tanning is still one of the most common and desired vegetable tans. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > assemblage of 1802 J. Gilpin Jrnl. 11 Oct. in (1922) 46 28 The Country..from Easton to Hellers is excessively rocky poor & rough filled with Oak barrens & pines. 1950 E. L. Braun iv. 120 Although areally unimportant, these oak barrens are such a conspicuous feature of the Devonian black shale slopes as to be visible for long distances. 1989 May 21/1 Lupine, a plant of the oak barrens, is itself rare in the state [of Ohio]. 1860 1 June 558/1 The colour of the wood is, in old elm trees, of an oak brown. 1895 5 Feb. 6/6 Another corduroy dress is oak-brown. 1968 R. Graves 71 A bird sang: ‘Close your eyes, it is not for long—Dream of what gold and crimson she will wear In honour of your oak-brown.’ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > biston prodromaria oak beauty the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > biston strataria 1775 M. Harris 11 Beauty, oak... Beauty, pale oak. 1832 J. Rennie 104 The Oak Beauty..appears in March or April... Rather scarce. 1964 2 Feb. (Colour Suppl.) 33 (caption) The male Oak Beauty moth has antennae shaped like feathers. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Diversicornia > member of family Eucnemidae 1854 A. Adams et al. 191 Oak-Beetles (Eucnemidæ)... Living in decayed oak-trees. the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > gall or abnormal growth > on particular plants 1626 F. Bacon §635 Besides its acorns, it beareth galls, Oak-apples, oak-nuts which are inflammable, and oak-berries. 1721 R. Bradley xi. 184 I have observed one sort of Ant which lays its Egg in the Back of the Oak Leaf, and raises the Blisters in those Leaves, which we call the Oak Berries. 1853 G. Johnston 187 The pretty galls which grow upon the leaves so abundantly are called oak-berries. 1953 M. Traynor 199/2 Oak-berry, the acorn. 1996 C. I. Macafee 239/1 Oak-berry, an acorn. society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > insurrection > [noun] > insurgent > one of specific body of insurgents 1776 R. Twiss 143 Insurgents, who wore oak-leaves in their hats, and called themselves Oak-boys. 1780 A. Young (Dublin ed.) I. 168 The oak boys and steel boys had their rise in the increase of rents. 1882 W. E. H. Lecky IV. xvi. 345 The Oakboys appear to have first risen against the Road Act. 1968 40 611 Whether it was a question of Oakboys fighting oppressive landlords or Peep O'Day Boys pitted against Defenders, the pattern of physical force exerted through secret societies was a familiar one. 1664 J. Evelyn (1679) 29 I read..That an handful or two of small Oak buttons, mingled with Oats, given to Horses which are black of colour, will in few days eating alter it to a fine Dapple-grey. the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > receptacle for remains > [noun] > coffin > coffin made of hollowed tree-trunk 1937 E. V. Gordon tr. H. Shetelig & H. S. Falk 146 Of similar type is the other well-known form of Norse bronze-age grave, the ‘oak cist’, a coffin made from a thick trunk of oak, split and hollowed out. 1968 G. Jones i. i. 19 The tannin of the ‘oak cists’ of Denmark, the very flesh and fell of the wearers. the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > receptacle for remains > [noun] > coffin > coffin made of hollowed tree-trunk 1833 G. Daniel II. ii. 32 Oak coffin—gilt nails—brass plate—inscription—epitaph. 1937 E. V. Gordon tr. H. Shetelig & H. S. Falk 147 The complete picture of this personal equipment is obtained from the oak coffins mentioned earlier. 1964 W. L. Goodman 10 The remarkable wooden folding stool found with an oak-coffin burial at Guldhoj in Jutland. 1973 ‘R. MacLeod’ i. 23 An elderly motor hearse with black paintwork and tarnished chrome..carried a polished oak coffin. 1775 M. Harris 11 Egger, oak. 1859 W. S. Coleman 89 The caterpillar of that fine large insect, the Oak Egger-moth, is said to feed on the leaves of the Heath. 1884 12 Aug. 3/2 An oak-egger has been seen in Hyde Park. 1993 80 588//1 Merz..cut off the spiny leaf margin from leaves of Ilex aquifolium (European holly), and showed that larvae of the oak eggar moth Lasiocampa quercus would then eat them readily. 1890 Oak-fig, a gall produced on twigs of white oak in the United States by Cynips forticornis: so called from its resemblance to a fig. 1925 9 525 Oak Fig Gall on twigs of Quercus alba. 1950 F. C. Craighead (U.S. Dept. Agric. publ. 657) 598 Galls produced by Biorhiza fortcornis Walsh, the oak fig gall..have been recorded on the leaves, stems, and twigs of white oak.., scrub oak, [etc.]. the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > wooded land > types of a1816 B. Hawkins Sketch Creek Country 1798 & 1799 in (1848) III. 29 Oak flats, red and post oak, willow leaved hickory..on its left side. 1849 E. Chamberlain (ed. 3) 381 Beech and oak flats, which are adapted only to grass. 1983 (Nexis) Nov. 40 Another deer—a small six-point—was ambling toward the oak flat. the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > real or imitation flies 1653 T. Barker 6 The Oake-Flie is to bee had on the butt of an Oake, or an Ash..: it is a brownish Flie. 1653 I. Walton iv. 115 You may make the Oak-flie with an Orange-tawny and black ground, and the brown of a Mallards feather for the wings. View more context for this quotation 1787 T. Best i. iv. 20 Oak-fly..is a brownish fly, and is taken from the beginning of May till the end of August. 1867 F. Francis vi. 191 The Oak Fly, called also the cannon fly, the down-hill or down-looker. 1961 A. C. Williams (ed. 3) 266 The small oak fly (L. lineola) is similar in appearance to the oak fly but about half its size. 1842 J. E. Holbrook V. 14 This beautiful little species of toad [sc. Bufo quercicus] is mostly found about sandy places that are covered with a small species of oak, which springs up so abundantly where pine forests have been destroyed; whence it is commonly enough called the Oak Frog, which specific name I have preferred. 1890 Oak-frog, a North American toad, Bufo quercus: so called because it frequents oak-openings. 1949 A. H. Wright & A. A. Wright (ed. 3) 197 (heading) Oak toad, oak frog, dwarf toad. the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > gall or abnormal growth > on particular plants the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plants used in dyeing > trees or shrubs yielding dyes > [noun] > dyer's oak > nut-gall a1774 A. Tucker (1777) III. i. 239 Gums, oak-galls, and variegated leaves, [are] the distempers of plants. 1838 J. C. Loudon III. 1726 Oak-galls..much in demand for the manufacture of ink and for dyeing black. 1994 48 245/1 Among the inquilines, Synergus, Saphonecrus, and Ceroptres occur in oak galls produced by gall wasps in the tribe Cynipini. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > holm-oak 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. xxiv. iv. 177 The Skarlet grain growing upon the Oke-holm. 1670 (Royal Soc.) 5 1176 Those little Galls, which grow on the leaves of the Oak Holm &c. do all grow constantly on the fibres or strings of those leaves. 1809 A. H. Haworth ii. 153 The Oak Hooktip. 1890 Oak-hooktip, a British moth, Platypteryx hamula. 1967 E. B. Ford (ed. 2) xi. 167 These latter [sc. Holocene colonists], arriving in the south, generally the south-east, have often spread up Britain, becoming rarer in the north-west. Examples of them are the Cream-spot Tiger..and the Oak Hook-tip. 1890 Oak-lappet, a British moth, Gastropacha quercifolia. the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > of unspecified or unidentified type 1724 J. J. Dillenius (ed. 3) 25 Fungus coriaceus quercinus haematodes... Oak-Leather Hibernis. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore II. 799/1 Oak leather, the common name of a kind of spawn found in old oak..and having when removed the appearance of white kid-leather... The Oak-leather of ships suffering from dry-rot arises from Polyporus hybridus. 1909 J. Amphlett & C. Rea 571 S[tereum] rugosum Pers. Oak Leather. Common everywhere. On stumps, rotten wood, and fallen branches. the world > plants > particular plants > lichen > [noun] > lungwort or lungs of oak 1727 E. Smith 198 Take a handful of Oak-Lungs, and a handful of French Moss, a handful of Maiden-hair. 1799 M. Underwood (ed. 4) I. 324 The like good effect has attended an infusion of the oak-lungs. 1832 8 94 Can you tell me what lichen [sic] it is, which is sold in Covent Garden Market under the names of oak lungs, carrageen, or Irish pearl moss, for medicinal purposes? 1935 VI. 778/1 Lungwort, or Oak-lungs (Sticta Pulmonaria), a lichen with a foliaceous, leathery, spreading thallus... It grows on trunks of trees in mountainous regions... It has been used in pulmonary diseases. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > edible acorns 1652 W. Blith 165 The Oak-mast maketh fat fast flesh, and long lasting Bacon, and will feed Deer, Sheep, and Poultry exceeding well and profitably. 1842 H. J. Daniel 231 I'd rethur tamp wilkies an' toads in ma belly, Ur oak-masts an' bittles. 1849 E. Chamberlain (ed. 3) 17 Oak and beech mast is found in such quantities as to contribute largely both to feeding and fattening hogs. 1944 31 729 Except for the Spanish oak mast, practically no food is available for livestock and deer in such areas. 1983 S. Heaney 68 I came to the border marches of Feegile, my diet still the usual ivy-berries and oak mast. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Tortricidae > tortrix viridiana 1868 J. G. Wood xiv. 295 One of the most common among the Leaf-rollers is the pretty Oak Moth. 1932 1 202 The birds were flocking to eat oak-moth caterpillars, possibly Tortrix viridana. 1981 62 973/2 Although blue oaks are generally leafless from about December to March, they were defoliated by September in both years of this study by larvae of the oak moth Phryganidia californica. the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > gall or abnormal growth > on particular plants 1626 F. Bacon §635 Besides its acorns, it beareth galls, Oak-apples, oak-nuts which are inflammable, and oak-berries. 1853 G. Johnston 187 The acorn is named the oak-nut. 1923 G. Watson 223 Oak-nit, the acorn. 1972 T. McHugh iv. 36 They [sc. wisent or European bison] even relish acorns; in the fall, when the fallen oak nuts are abundant, they may eat nothing else. 1830 J. M'Call in (1892) XII. 185 From that up, on the right bank, it is oak openings. 1848 J. F. Cooper I. i. 10 The trees..were what is called the ‘burr oak’..; and the space between them, always irregular, and often of singular beauty, have obtained the name of ‘openings’; the two terms combined giving their appellation to this particular species of native forest, under the name of ‘Oak Openings’. 1924 29 686 Its beautiful prairies and oak openings, constituting an island in a sea of forest that swept otherwise practically unbroken from the Cascades to the Pacific. 1970 24 May 4/1 Trees and shrubs grew along the streams, on wooded knolls or ridges, and in occasional ‘oak openings’. 1790 A. W. Radcliffe I. vi. 235 The intrigue was discovered by Madame, who, having one day left a book in the oak parlour, returned thither in search of it. 1815 W. Scott III. iii. 48 What was called the great oak-parlour, a long room, pannelled with well-varnished wainscot. 1990 Autumn 22/1 The oak parlour..has one of the small fireplaces that were in all the rooms, Dutch-tiled with Italian marble surrounds. 1890 Oak-pest, an insect specially injurious to the oak; specifically, in the United States, Phylloxera rileyi, the only member of the genus which infests the oak. 1991 60 333 Acorn-borers..are also subject to hunting by ants, indicating the great effectiveness of wood ants for the control of lepidopteran oak pests. 1890 Oak-plum, a gall produced on the acorns of the black and red oaks in the United States by Cynips quercus-prunus: so called from its resemblance to a plum. 1890 Oak potato, a gall produced on the twigs of white oaks in the United States by Cynips quercus-batatus: so called from its resemblance to a potato. 1925 9 526 Neuroterus batatus Fitch—Oak Potato Gall on twigs of Quercus alba. 1985 (U.S. Dept. Agric. Forest Service Misc. Publ. 1426) 424 Neuroterus quercusbatatus (Fitch), the oak potato gall.., occurs from Ontario and Rhode Island to Florida and west to Illinois on white oaks. 1984 B. Skinner 75/1 Oak Processionary. 1990 110 425 The oak processionary caterpillar (T. processionea L.)..provokes a cutaneous reaction in men and animals. 1993 M. Chinery (ed. 3) 238 The Oak Processionary Moth..is very similar, but a bit smaller and less common. The caterpillars live in nests on oak trunks. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Cerambycidae > elaphidion villosum (twig-pruner) 1819 5 308 From the effect of its labours, it may be called the oak pruner. 1862 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1861: Agric. 615 in (37th Congr., 2nd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 39) V The black and white oak trees are infested with..the ‘Oak~pruner’. 1926 F. Shreve 470 Among the smaller animals such forms as..the oak pruner (Elaphidion villosum) are common to this region. 1961 367/1 During the first (Cerambycidae) stage of wood destruction the sapwood of the oak stumps was found to be populated by the oak pruner larva. 1791 A. W. Radcliffe II. x. 71 One of his men went to bed in the oak room, and the other stayed to undress his Lord. 1890 Jan. 254/1 You, ma'am, were to sleep in the small room, and the oak room was for the young gentleman. 1922 J. Joyce ii. viii. [Lestrygonians] 149 In the supper room or oakroom of the mansion house. 1971 D. Francis iii. 34 The account books..are in the oak room. 1963 4 Feb. 6/3 Oak-smoked kippers..from the Isle of Man. 1990 D. Mabey et al. ii. x. 152 Devon Dell is a semi-hard oak-smoked cheese made from ewe's milk. 2002 (Electronic ed.) 4 Apr. A range of salads made with oak smoked chicken. the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > gall or abnormal growth > on particular plants 1836 Sept. 496 I suspect what Mr. Lowndes describes as scales, are what I, for want of a better name, call oak spangles... W. T. Bree. Allesley Rectory, Dec. 5. 1835. 1851 9 3309 Oak-leaves, with galls, commonly known as ‘oak-spangles’, attached. 1918 6 515 (caption) Oak spangles, produced by a gall midge, note the cup-like shape and the little oval cavity at the base. 1953 52 225 The four oak spangle galls caused by the agamic generation of gall wasps of the genus Neuroterus resemble one another very closely until differentiation sets in. 1914 1 347 Petri dishes..partly filled with water were covered with circular pieces of oak tag in which two to three circular openings were made. 1970 D. Uhnak vii. 98 There were ten large white oaktag charts, neatly lined and lettered, partially filled with figures. 1991 S. Mitchell 35 All the old metaphors are speechless, and the old truths lie on exhibit in the morgue, each with an oaktag label on its big toe. 1926 7 91 Many smaller forms like the oak toad..enter in and out of the burrows, but it is not especially conceivable that these would seriously injure the gopher turtle or gopher frog. 1955 53 117 Evenings following rains oak toads appeared to be in every ditch and specimens could be heard singing continuously except for a narrow zone along the ocean. 1723 E. Ward 180 Yet 'cause he's honest, Knaves must count him high, And then to please the Tribe that lower fly, He must within the Reach of Nob's Oak-Towel lie. 1843 R. S. Surtees I. xi. 210 If you persist in playin' at marbles, chuck farthin', and flyin' kites, instead of attendin' in the stable, I'll send you back to the charity school from whence you came, where you'll be rubbed down twice a day with an oak towel. 1889 J. S. Farmer 396/1 Oak towel..a stout oaken stick. There is an allusion here to ‘wiping’ or ‘dressing one down’. 1946 W. L. Gresham 250 You got the bulls standing there with oak towels in their hands, all ready to rub you down. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > fungi > [noun] > truffle the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > mushrooms or edible fungi > truffle or underground fungus 1874 M. C. Cooke 114 In Vaucluse..seedling oaks have been reared, and with them, what have been termed oak-truffles. 1909 Suppl. Oak-truffle, the edible hypogean fungus Tuber brumale, which frequently is found among the roots of oaks. the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > gall or abnormal growth > on particular plants 1840 G. Darley i. ii. 11 Have I not eat live mandrakes..With other roots and fruits cull'd ere their season,—The yew's green berries, nightshade's livid bugles.., False mushrooms, toadstools, oak-warts, hemlock chopt? 1864 R. Browning 51 The pie..That pricks deep into oakwarts for a worm. 1925 9 524 Oak Wart Gall on leaves of Quercus palustris. the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > decoction or infusion > [noun] > aqueous decoction or infusion > specific ?1523 J. Fitzherbert f. xxxiiv Mornyng on the chynne appereth at his nose thyrlles lyke oke water. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Lamellicornia Scarabaeoidea > family Scarabaeidae > genus Melolontha > member of (cockchafer) 1720 E. Albin 60 In the middle of May came forth a brown Beetle called the Chafer, Oak Web, or May Beetle. 1771 (Royal Soc.) 62 351 This county [sc. Devon] was so infested with cock chaffers or oakwebs, that in many parishes they eat every green thing, but elder. 1891 R. P. Chope 61 Oak-web.., the cockchafer. the world > plants > disease or injury > [adjective] > of or having fungal disease the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with trees 1942 No. 455. 75/1 Oak wilt, a disease now ravaging many fine Southern Wisconsin woodlots, is caused by a certain fungus. 1969 28 Aug. 430/2 They inoculate the weed oaks with the organism that causes oakwilt disease, Ceratocystis fagacearum. 1990 Aug. 46/1 The egret population is down in part because of loss of nesting trees, due to Dutch elm disease and oak wilt. the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > division Vermes > [noun] > member of (worm) > parasitic or harmful > to plants 1577 sig. Eiiiv He will byte, either at the red worme, ientill, oke worme, or malt corn. 1653 I. Walton iv. 95 The dock-worm, the oake-worm, the gilt-tail, and too many to name. View more context for this quotation 1831 10 Dec. 4/4 I think the oak or white worm the most enticing bait, although I have seen them as readily take the shiner or smelt. 1980 107 29/1 Orange-striped oakworms can defoliate trees severely enough to cause mortality. 1988 69 1118/2 An outbreak of the California oakworm (Phyrganidia californica Packard). 1835 R. M. Bird II. v. 52 His father..had suddenly checked his horse at the entrance of the little oak-yard. C4. With of in the names of plants. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > oak and allies > [noun] > valonia oak 1611 Isa. ii. 13 For the day of the Lord of hostes shall bee..vpon all the Cedars of Lebanon, that are high and lifted vp, and vpon all the okes of Bashan.] a1669 P. Bulkeley Lamentation for T. Hooker in N. Morton 127 When all strong Oaks of Bashan us'd to quake..The stoutest Hearts he filled full of fears. 1892 A. M. Clerke vi. 152 The species of oak at present dominant both in Greece and the Troad is the ‘oak of Bashan’, Quercus ægilops. 1967 M. Samuel 101 He is a third as tall again as Goliath and even the famous oak of Bashan is not strong enough to support his weight. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > ragweed or ambrosia 1597 J. Gerard ii. 950 The fragrant smell that this kinde of Ambrosia, or Oke of Cappadocia yeeldeth, hath mooued the Poets to suppose that this herbe was meate and foode for the gods. 1640 J. Parkinson i. xxxi. 88 The Oake of Cappadocia from a long slender roote..sendeth forth one hoary white striped,or straked stalke. 1731 P. Miller I. at Chenopodium Ambrosioides Mexican Orach, commonly call'd Oak of Cappadocia. 1862 2 99 Oak of Cappadocia. Ambrosia artemisiæfolia, the Roman Wormwood or Bitter weed: a troublesome plant in potato fields. 1901 10 654/2 We sought for stickadove, oak of Cappadocia, [etc.]. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Chenopodiaccae (goose-foot and allies) > [noun] > goose-foot 1551 W. Turner sig. G j Oke of Hierusalem is an herbe all yelow and all full of branches and spred abrode. 1659 R. Lovell 331 The oake of Jerusalem, Botrys, and that of Capadocia [sic], Ambrosia. T. Are hot and dry 2°, and of subtile parts. 1714 (Royal Soc.) 28 54 The Leaves are hard, curl'd and jagged like the Oak of Jerusalem. 1881 M. S. G. Nichols in Oct. 449 Domestic Remedies—tea made of tanzy, oak of Jerusalem [etc.]. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Chenopodiaccae (goose-foot and allies) > [noun] > goose-foot 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens ii. lxxiii. 243 It is called in English Oke of Hierusalem and of some Oke of Paradise... The Oke of Paradise is hoate and dry in the second degree. 1736 N. Bailey 427 Oak of Jerusalem or Oak of Paradise, is an herb which has very near the same vertues as thyme, and is good against stoppage of urine. Derivatives 1852 June 596 The flesh of our hogs,..when acorn-fed, assumes an oak-like toughness and fibrous density, almost defying the masticating powers of ordinary grinders. 1933 L. H. Bailey 4 Jerusalem oak is a pigweed with more or less oak-like leaves, native or wild in Africa, Europe and Asia. 1988 E. Hoagland (1993) 240 Huge oaklike taluq trees. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.eOE |
