ochreochern.adj.

Brit.

/ˈəʊkə/, U.S.

/ˈoʊkər/

Forms: Middle English ockere, Middle English ocor, Middle English ocra, Middle English ocur, Middle English–1500s okyr, Middle English–1600s 1800s ocre, Middle English–1800s (1900s– (irregular)) oker, 1500s occa (transmission error), 1500s occre, 1500s occur, 1500s ockyr, 1500s okir, 1500s okur, 1500s 1800s ocker, 1500s–1600s occar, 1500s–1700s oaker, 1500s– ochre, 1600s ochra, 1600s–1700s okre, 1800s– ocher (U.S.); also Scottish pre-1700 ocker, pre-1700 okir.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French ocre; Latin ōchra.

Etymology: < Old French, Middle French, French ocre yellow ochre (1307, although quot. 1296 may show slightly earlier use in Anglo-Norman; also attested in Middle French as ochre (1448)) and its etymon classical Latin ōchra (Pliny; also ōcra) < ancient Greek ὤχρα < ὠχρός pale yellow.A possible etymological connection between the ancient Greek forms and Sanskrit vyāghra tiger has been suggested, but this is unlikely. It is uncertain whether the following should be taken as evidence for Middle English or for a corresponding Anglo-Norman word:1296 in Archaeologia Aeliana (1926) 4 180 In vna quarteria de Cynopre, vna libra de Ocre, et vna libra de Brune emptis de Magistro J. Pictore, ij s. iij d. In sense A. 4 in allusion to the similarity in colour between ochre and amber n.² 12, the name given to the first termination codon identified; compare quot. 1965 at sense A. 4.

A. n.

a. Any of various natural earthy materials or clays which are rich in iron oxides and vary in colour from light yellow to deep orange-red or brown; a pigment made from such a material.brown, burnt, Oxford, yellow ochre: see the first element. See also red ochre n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > native earths > [noun] > ochre

ochre1364

sil1601

Oxford ochre1827

paco1839

Oxford chrome1875

1364 [implied in: Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer 493, 18 For the painting, ochreing and varnishing of the manor. (at ochreing n.)].

a1395 in Archaeologia (1832) 24 313 (MED) Et pro colore vocatum ocur & cole ad temperandum cum eodem pro predictum portum iij s.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 310^v Ocra bredyþ in þe Ilond Topazion, þere sandaricha is y-founde, and is somtyme made of ocra.

a1475 in J. O. Halliwell Early Eng. Misc. (1855) 76 To temper ockere, grynd hit with gume and water.

1487–8 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 412 v li de colore fuluo sc. oker.

1591 E. Spenser Ruines of Time in Complaints sig. B4 All is but fained, and with oaker dide.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxiii. xiii. 485 As touching Ochre or Sil, it is exceeding hard to bee reduced into powder.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 39/1 Of earth are several sorts, as..Marle, Clay, Occar.

1709 J. Lawson New Voy. Carolina 82 Good Bricks and Tiles are made, and several sorts of useful Earths, as Bole, Fullers-Earth, Oaker, and Tobacco-pipe-Clay, is in great plenty.

1758 Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 125 I observed the stones and channel of this brook all tinged with ochre of a deep yellow colour, so far up as the water of these springs flowed into it.

1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. II. li. 190 The white ochre is a mere deposit of testaceous exuviae.

1883 R. Broughton Belinda I. ii.ii. 288 Candescently white, cleansed from stain of indigo and ochre, no longer comic, but gravely beautiful, she lies in glory, drying on a blanket.

1925 G. Horne & G. Aiston Savage Life Central Austral. 34 The celebrated Beltana deposit of ochre..is considered the ‘proper’ ochre..although plenty, hundreds of miles nearer, could be easily obtained.

1940 B. Leach Potter's Bk. iii. 45 Ochre, so useful for slips and pigments,..contains a higher percentage of red iron oxide.

1983 Birds Summer 22/1 Ochre pollution, caused by oxidisation of the drying peat, usually puts paid to most of the remaining aquatic plants.

2002 Daily Tel. 11 Jan. 10/5 At Blombos there is evidence for..symbolic use of ochre possibly for body decoration.

b. The colour of any of these substances; esp. a pale brownish yellow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > brownish yellow

fallowa1425

ochre1440

Minozin1680

fulvidness1685

satinwood1773

buff1788

nankeen1794

mountain yellow1801

chamois1872

mustard1884

oliveness1890

Sahara1923

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > pigments

yelloweOE

motey1353

arsenica1393

orpimentc1395

auripigmenta1398

ochre1440

pink1464

massicot1472

yellow ochre1482

orpine1548

painter's gold1591

spruce1668

giallolino1728

king's yellow1738

Naples yellow1738

stil de grain1769

yellow earth1794

queen's yellow1806

chromate1819

chrome yellow1819

Oxford ochre1827

Indian yellow1831

Italian pink1835

Montpellier yellow1835

Turner1835

quercitron lake1837

jaune brillant1851

zinc chromate1851

zinc sulphide1851

brush-gold1861

zooxanthin1868

Oxford chrome1875

aureolin1879

cadmium yellow1879

Cassel yellow1882

Neapolitan yellow1891

zinc chrome1892

Mars1899

jaune jonquille1910

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 362 (MED) Ocur, colure: Ocra.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 249/1 Occur, reed colour, ocre.

1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory xi. 237 Shade them with deep Oaker, and heighten them with Masticot and White.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. i. iii. 53 The inlaid marbles were then fresher..than they are now, when the winters of four centuries have turned their white to the rich ochre of well-mellowed meerschaum.

1926 Travel Nov. 30/2 Before us lies the gleaming, pinkish ochre of the valley flat, wild and exalted with sunshine.

2. With distinguishing word: any of various earthy oxides of metals other than iron.antimony, bismuth, chrome, molybdic, nickel, telluric, tungstic ochre, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > other oxides

ochre1796

1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 265 Bismuth. Mineralized by Oxygen, with or without Sulphur. Bismuth Ochre.

1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. I. 78/1 (heading) Antimonial Ochre..; It has not yet been analysed, but is supposed by Karsten to be an oxyd of Antimony.

1816 R. Jameson Syst. Mineral. (ed. 2) III. 510 Red Cobalt-Ochre. This species contains three subspecies, viz. Earthy.., Radiated.., and Slaggy Red Cobalt-ochre.

1836 W. T. Brande Man. Chem. (ed. 4) 733 The mineral called uranitic ochre is generally considered as a hydrated peroxide.

1844 Boston Jrnl. Nat. Hist. 4 504 (heading) Analysis of pink scapolite, and cerium ochre, from Bolton, Mass.

1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 188 A tantalic ochre occurs on crystals of tantalite at Pennikoja..color brownish, lustre vitreous.

1912 Science 17 May 776/1 Specimens of cerium ochre or yttrocerite.

1993 A. M. Clark Hey's Mineral Index (ed. 3) 730/1 However there are specimens in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) collections from Namibia which..are believed to be a vanadic ochre.

†3. slang. Money (apparently with reference to the colour of gold coin). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > [noun]

silverc825

feec870

pennieseOE

wortheOE

mintOE

scata1122

spense?c1225

spendinga1290

sumc1300

gooda1325

moneya1325

cattlec1330

muckc1330

reasona1382

pecunyc1400

gilt1497

argentc1500

gelta1529

Mammon1539

ale silver1541

scruff1559

the sinews of war1560

sterling1565

lour1567

will-do-all1583

shell1591

trasha1592

quinyie1596

brass1597

pecuniary1604

dust1607

nomisma1614

countera1616

cross and pilea1625

gingerbreada1625

rhinoa1628

cash1646

grig1657

spanker1663

cole1673

goree1699

mopus1699

quid1699

ribbin1699

bustle1763

necessary1772

stuff1775

needfula1777

iron1785

(the) Spanish1788

pecuniar1793

kelter1807

dibs1812

steven1812

pewter1814

brad1819

pogue1819

rent1823

stumpy1828

posh1830

L. S. D.1835

rivetc1835

tin1836

mint sauce1839

nobbins1846

ochre1846

dingbat1848

dough1848

cheese1850

California1851

mali1851

ducat1853

pay dirt1853

boodle?1856

dinero1856

scad1856

the shiny1856

spondulicks1857

rust1858

soap1860

sugar1862

coin1874

filthy1876

wampum1876

ooftish1877

shekel1883

oil1885

oof1885

mon1888

Jack1890

sploshc1890

bees and honey1892

spending-brass1896

stiff1897

mazuma1900

mazoom1901

cabbage1903

lettuce1903

Oscar Asche1905

jingle1906

doubloons1908

kale1912

scratch1914

green1917

oscar1917

snow1925

poke1926

oodle1930

potatos1931

bread1935

moolah1936

acker1939

moo1941

lolly1943

loot1943

poppy1943

mazoola1944

dosh1953

bickies1966

lovely jubbly1990

scrilla1994

1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 58 Who would have thought of seeing you..on this 'ere pitch of leather and ocre.

1854 C. Dickens Hard Times i. vi. 36 Pay your ochre at the doors and take it out.

1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 119/1 Strike me a dead-un, if there ain't more ‘screeve’ than would cover a haystack! and twig the ‘ochre’, how it turns out.

1890 Punch 22 Feb. (Farmer) If I was flush of the ochre, I tell yer I'd make the thing hum.

4. Molecular Biology. (The name of) the codon UAA, one of the three that terminate protein synthesis. Also: a mutation resulting in the introduction of this codon into an RNA sequence; a mutant characterized by this. Frequently attributive, esp. designating such a codon, mutant, or mutation. Cf. amber n.² 12, opal n. 3.

ΚΠ

1965 S. Brenner et al. in Nature 5 June 994 We show that the triplets of the amber and ochre mutants are UAG and UAA, respectively. We suggest that the ‘nonsense’ codons should be more properly considered to be the codons for chain termination.

1968 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 60 708 Ochre suppression provides for completion of the otherwise interrupted polypeptide product of the mutated gene.

1976 Nature 26 Aug. 757/1 The three codons UAG (amber), UAA (ochre), and UGA (opal) serve as signals for polypeptide chain termination during messenger RNA translation in various prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

1990 Nucleic Acids Res. 18 4215/1 Anticodon mutations, capable of suppressing amber (UAG) or ochre (UAA) codons, have been identified in tRNA^Tyr, tRNA^Ser, and tRNA^Leu genes.

B. adj.

Of the colour of ochre; light brownish yellow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > native earths > [adjective] > ochre

ochre1574

ochreous1728

ochry1728

ochrous1758

ochraceous1768

ochreish1854

1574 tr. Life 70. Archbishopp Canterbury To Rdr. E v b That by this oker marking he may knowe his owne sheepe.

c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cvi. 60 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 168 The Oker bancks their ferry [corr.: passage] did inclose.

1634 Noble Souldier ii. sig. C^v You Don with th' oaker face.

1798 T. Jones Memoirs (1951) 77 Heavy sandy road, ground of a brown Okre Color.

1808 J. Wolcot One more Peep at Royal Acad. in Wks. (1812) V. 379 Welcome, sweet Miss in ochre bloom.

1868 J. A. B. Meta ii. iii. 27 Then see, dear reader, 'fore your eyes The savage in his ochre dyes.

1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. vii. 88 When first hatched the larva is grey with a black head, but in the mature larva the head is slightly chitinised and of a light ochre colour.

1993 J. Cartwright Masai Dreaming (BNC) 148 In the distance a group of Masai enters the landscape driving their animals; despite the fierce colours of their robes, completely at home in this brown and ochre world.

Compounds

C1.

ochre bed n.

ΚΠ

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 894 The ochre beds of England are in the iron sand, the lowest of the formations which intervene between the chalk and oolites.

ochre pigment n.

ΚΠ

1876 S. W. Cozzens Marvellous Country 398 Their faces were daubed with mud and ochre pigment.

1995 Science 28 Apr. 496/2 They were also using ocher pigments and grindstones made of materials that were not local.

ochre-pit n.

ΚΠ

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 894 A section of the ochre pits at Shotover Hill, near Oxford.

1998 O. Rackham Trees & Woodland in Brit. Landscape vi. 118 Certain well-defined kinds of dug pit—gravel-pits, brick-pits, marl-pits, bell-pits or drifts,..ochre-pits—sometimes happen to occur in woodland.

ochre-brown adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [adjective] > light brown

parchment1597

whited brown1650

whitey-brown1658

coffee-coloured1695

dust-coloured1800

ochre-brown1853

blonde1866

biscuit1875

weedy-brown1886

mousy1888

bisque1890

toast-coloured1898

suntan1923

sunblush1930

rachel1951

1853 Sci. Amer. 2 Apr. 229/4 The original blue color of the sulphate of Indigo becomes lighter and lighter, then acquires a greenish shade, then greenish brown, and almost immediately after an ochre brown.

1993 I. Watson Warhammer 40,000 (BNC) 80 A tracery in some golden marble which could become ochre-brown, which could become jet-black.

ochre-coloured adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > brownish yellow

ochry1567

olive-coloured1612

sand-coloured1627

shammy1661

buff-coloured1686

pea soup1703

ochreish1747

ochreous1761

buff1765

ochraceous1776

buff-colour1796

buffish1802

mustard-coloured1825

nankeen1838

buffy1842

ochre-coloured1845

mustardy1850

ochrous1877

buff-yellow1882

buff-washed1883

mustard1919

Sahara1923

wheaten1975

1845 Amer. Whig Rev. Dec. 649/1 The demon of tobacco can point with all safety to the exhausted lands of Virginia, and to the ochre-colored, lanthorn jawed, consumptive faces of the majority of his votaries.

1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 261 The ore, an ocher-colored earth, is found evenly deposited upon a hill-side.

1993 Wine May 55/1 Flying direct to Florence, the approach to the airport takes you in low over the Tuscan Hills, those rolling hills covered in swaying cypresses, ochre-coloured palazzos and tumbledown farmhouses.

ochre-red adj.

ΚΠ

1882 Garden 15 July 52/2 A pretty cut-leaved annual species..with ochre-red flowers.

1993 S. Wood Mask of Deception (BNC) His hand lovingly touched the ochre-red walls.

ochre-tinted adj.

ΚΠ

1869 R. F. Burton Explor. Highlands Brazil I. 23 Brand-new docks,..all ochre-tinted.

1961 Fantasy & Sci. Fiction Oct. 22 The ferry rocket..had left ten minutes ago and was now beginning the long fall back to the ochre-tinted globe.

ochre-yellow adj.

ΚΠ

1814 P. Syme Werner's Nomencl. Colours 34 Ochre Yellow, is sienna yellow with a little light chestnut brown.

1952 A. G. L. Hellyer Sanders' Encycl. Gardening (ed. 22) 121 Dayana, ochre-yellow, lip white and brown.

1980 Catal. Fine Chinese Ceramics (Sotheby, Hong Kong) 84 A massive tea-dust bowl..with a finely speckled deep olive-green glaze,..the base covered in an ochre-yellow glaze.

C2.

ochre grave n. Archaeology a grave containing bones covered with ochre; frequently used attributively (with hyphen) to designate a western Asian culture typified by graves of this type.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] > mound > other specific types

kurgan1889

ochre grave1924

1924 Man 24 68 All this lends support to Peake's view as to the race responsible for the ochre-grave culture.

1957 V. G. Childe Dawn European Civilization (ed. 6) ix. 149 (heading) The Ochre Grave Cultures of the Pontic Steppes.

1957 V. G. Childe Dawn European Civilization (ed. 6) ix. 157 The beginnings of the Ochre Grave culture should go back well into the third millenium.

† ochreman n. Obsolete a man who works or deals in ochre, a colourman.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > pigments > pigment-maker or dealer

ochreman1592

chrome maker1921

1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. D1 Their lips are as lauishly red, as if they vsed to kisse an okerman euery morning.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	ochre
释义	ochreochern.adj. Brit. /ˈəʊkə/, U.S. /ˈoʊkər/ Forms: Middle English ockere, Middle English ocor, Middle English ocra, Middle English ocur, Middle English–1500s okyr, Middle English–1600s 1800s ocre, Middle English–1800s (1900s– (irregular)) oker, 1500s occa (transmission error), 1500s occre, 1500s occur, 1500s ockyr, 1500s okir, 1500s okur, 1500s 1800s ocker, 1500s–1600s occar, 1500s–1700s oaker, 1500s– ochre, 1600s ochra, 1600s–1700s okre, 1800s– ocher (U.S.); also Scottish pre-1700 ocker, pre-1700 okir. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French ocre; Latin ōchra. Etymology: < Old French, Middle French, French ocre yellow ochre (1307, although quot. 1296 may show slightly earlier use in Anglo-Norman; also attested in Middle French as ochre (1448)) and its etymon classical Latin ōchra (Pliny; also ōcra) < ancient Greek ὤχρα < ὠχρός pale yellow.A possible etymological connection between the ancient Greek forms and Sanskrit vyāghra tiger has been suggested, but this is unlikely. It is uncertain whether the following should be taken as evidence for Middle English or for a corresponding Anglo-Norman word:1296 in Archaeologia Aeliana (1926) 4 180 In vna quarteria de Cynopre, vna libra de Ocre, et vna libra de Brune emptis de Magistro J. Pictore, ij s. iij d. In sense A. 4 in allusion to the similarity in colour between ochre and amber n.² 12, the name given to the first termination codon identified; compare quot. 1965 at sense A. 4. A. n. 1. a. Any of various natural earthy materials or clays which are rich in iron oxides and vary in colour from light yellow to deep orange-red or brown; a pigment made from such a material.brown, burnt, Oxford, yellow ochre: see the first element. See also red ochre n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > native earths > [noun] > ochre ochre1364 sil1601 Oxford ochre1827 paco1839 Oxford chrome1875 1364 [implied in: Accts. Exchequer King's Remembrancer 493, 18 For the painting, ochreing and varnishing of the manor. (at ochreing n.)]. a1395 in Archaeologia (1832) 24 313 (MED) Et pro colore vocatum ocur & cole ad temperandum cum eodem pro predictum portum iij s. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 310^v Ocra bredyþ in þe Ilond Topazion, þere sandaricha is y-founde, and is somtyme made of ocra. a1475 in J. O. Halliwell Early Eng. Misc. (1855) 76 To temper ockere, grynd hit with gume and water. 1487–8 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 412 v li de colore fuluo sc. oker. 1591 E. Spenser Ruines of Time in Complaints sig. B4 All is but fained, and with oaker dide. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxiii. xiii. 485 As touching Ochre or Sil, it is exceeding hard to bee reduced into powder. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 39/1 Of earth are several sorts, as..Marle, Clay, Occar. 1709 J. Lawson New Voy. Carolina 82 Good Bricks and Tiles are made, and several sorts of useful Earths, as Bole, Fullers-Earth, Oaker, and Tobacco-pipe-Clay, is in great plenty. 1758 Philos. Trans. 1757 (Royal Soc.) 50 125 I observed the stones and channel of this brook all tinged with ochre of a deep yellow colour, so far up as the water of these springs flowed into it. 1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. II. li. 190 The white ochre is a mere deposit of testaceous exuviae. 1883 R. Broughton Belinda I. ii.ii. 288 Candescently white, cleansed from stain of indigo and ochre, no longer comic, but gravely beautiful, she lies in glory, drying on a blanket. 1925 G. Horne & G. Aiston Savage Life Central Austral. 34 The celebrated Beltana deposit of ochre..is considered the ‘proper’ ochre..although plenty, hundreds of miles nearer, could be easily obtained. 1940 B. Leach Potter's Bk. iii. 45 Ochre, so useful for slips and pigments,..contains a higher percentage of red iron oxide. 1983 Birds Summer 22/1 Ochre pollution, caused by oxidisation of the drying peat, usually puts paid to most of the remaining aquatic plants. 2002 Daily Tel. 11 Jan. 10/5 At Blombos there is evidence for..symbolic use of ochre possibly for body decoration. b. The colour of any of these substances; esp. a pale brownish yellow. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > brownish yellow fallowa1425 ochre1440 Minozin1680 fulvidness1685 satinwood1773 buff1788 nankeen1794 mountain yellow1801 chamois1872 mustard1884 oliveness1890 Sahara1923 the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > pigments yelloweOE motey1353 arsenica1393 orpimentc1395 auripigmenta1398 ochre1440 pink1464 massicot1472 yellow ochre1482 orpine1548 painter's gold1591 spruce1668 giallolino1728 king's yellow1738 Naples yellow1738 stil de grain1769 yellow earth1794 queen's yellow1806 chromate1819 chrome yellow1819 Oxford ochre1827 Indian yellow1831 Italian pink1835 Montpellier yellow1835 Turner1835 quercitron lake1837 jaune brillant1851 zinc chromate1851 zinc sulphide1851 brush-gold1861 zooxanthin1868 Oxford chrome1875 aureolin1879 cadmium yellow1879 Cassel yellow1882 Neapolitan yellow1891 zinc chrome1892 Mars1899 jaune jonquille1910 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 362 (MED) Ocur, colure: Ocra. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 249/1 Occur, reed colour, ocre. 1738 G. Smith tr. Laboratory xi. 237 Shade them with deep Oaker, and heighten them with Masticot and White. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. i. iii. 53 The inlaid marbles were then fresher..than they are now, when the winters of four centuries have turned their white to the rich ochre of well-mellowed meerschaum. 1926 Travel Nov. 30/2 Before us lies the gleaming, pinkish ochre of the valley flat, wild and exalted with sunshine. 2. With distinguishing word: any of various earthy oxides of metals other than iron.antimony, bismuth, chrome, molybdic, nickel, telluric, tungstic ochre, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > other oxides ochre1796 1796 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) II. 265 Bismuth. Mineralized by Oxygen, with or without Sulphur. Bismuth Ochre. 1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. I. 78/1 (heading) Antimonial Ochre..; It has not yet been analysed, but is supposed by Karsten to be an oxyd of Antimony. 1816 R. Jameson Syst. Mineral. (ed. 2) III. 510 Red Cobalt-Ochre. This species contains three subspecies, viz. Earthy.., Radiated.., and Slaggy Red Cobalt-ochre. 1836 W. T. Brande Man. Chem. (ed. 4) 733 The mineral called uranitic ochre is generally considered as a hydrated peroxide. 1844 Boston Jrnl. Nat. Hist. 4 504 (heading) Analysis of pink scapolite, and cerium ochre, from Bolton, Mass. 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 188 A tantalic ochre occurs on crystals of tantalite at Pennikoja..color brownish, lustre vitreous. 1912 Science 17 May 776/1 Specimens of cerium ochre or yttrocerite. 1993 A. M. Clark Hey's Mineral Index (ed. 3) 730/1 However there are specimens in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) collections from Namibia which..are believed to be a vanadic ochre. †3. slang. Money (apparently with reference to the colour of gold coin). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > [noun] silverc825 feec870 pennieseOE wortheOE mintOE scata1122 spense?c1225 spendinga1290 sumc1300 gooda1325 moneya1325 cattlec1330 muckc1330 reasona1382 pecunyc1400 gilt1497 argentc1500 gelta1529 Mammon1539 ale silver1541 scruff1559 the sinews of war1560 sterling1565 lour1567 will-do-all1583 shell1591 trasha1592 quinyie1596 brass1597 pecuniary1604 dust1607 nomisma1614 countera1616 cross and pilea1625 gingerbreada1625 rhinoa1628 cash1646 grig1657 spanker1663 cole1673 goree1699 mopus1699 quid1699 ribbin1699 bustle1763 necessary1772 stuff1775 needfula1777 iron1785 (the) Spanish1788 pecuniar1793 kelter1807 dibs1812 steven1812 pewter1814 brad1819 pogue1819 rent1823 stumpy1828 posh1830 L. S. D.1835 rivetc1835 tin1836 mint sauce1839 nobbins1846 ochre1846 dingbat1848 dough1848 cheese1850 California1851 mali1851 ducat1853 pay dirt1853 boodle?1856 dinero1856 scad1856 the shiny1856 spondulicks1857 rust1858 soap1860 sugar1862 coin1874 filthy1876 wampum1876 ooftish1877 shekel1883 oil1885 oof1885 mon1888 Jack1890 sploshc1890 bees and honey1892 spending-brass1896 stiff1897 mazuma1900 mazoom1901 cabbage1903 lettuce1903 Oscar Asche1905 jingle1906 doubloons1908 kale1912 scratch1914 green1917 oscar1917 snow1925 poke1926 oodle1930 potatos1931 bread1935 moolah1936 acker1939 moo1941 lolly1943 loot1943 poppy1943 mazoola1944 dosh1953 bickies1966 lovely jubbly1990 scrilla1994 1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 58 Who would have thought of seeing you..on this 'ere pitch of leather and ocre. 1854 C. Dickens Hard Times i. vi. 36 Pay your ochre at the doors and take it out. 1865 Leaves from Diary Celebrated Burglar 119/1 Strike me a dead-un, if there ain't more ‘screeve’ than would cover a haystack! and twig the ‘ochre’, how it turns out. 1890 Punch 22 Feb. (Farmer) If I was flush of the ochre, I tell yer I'd make the thing hum. 4. Molecular Biology. (The name of) the codon UAA, one of the three that terminate protein synthesis. Also: a mutation resulting in the introduction of this codon into an RNA sequence; a mutant characterized by this. Frequently attributive, esp. designating such a codon, mutant, or mutation. Cf. amber n.² 12, opal n. 3. ΚΠ 1965 S. Brenner et al. in Nature 5 June 994 We show that the triplets of the amber and ochre mutants are UAG and UAA, respectively. We suggest that the ‘nonsense’ codons should be more properly considered to be the codons for chain termination. 1968 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 60 708 Ochre suppression provides for completion of the otherwise interrupted polypeptide product of the mutated gene. 1976 Nature 26 Aug. 757/1 The three codons UAG (amber), UAA (ochre), and UGA (opal) serve as signals for polypeptide chain termination during messenger RNA translation in various prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. 1990 Nucleic Acids Res. 18 4215/1 Anticodon mutations, capable of suppressing amber (UAG) or ochre (UAA) codons, have been identified in tRNA^Tyr, tRNA^Ser, and tRNA^Leu genes. B. adj. Of the colour of ochre; light brownish yellow. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > native earths > [adjective] > ochre ochre1574 ochreous1728 ochry1728 ochrous1758 ochraceous1768 ochreish1854 1574 tr. Life 70. Archbishopp Canterbury To Rdr. E v b That by this oker marking he may knowe his owne sheepe. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme cvi. 60 in Coll. Wks. (1998) II. 168 The Oker bancks their ferry [corr.: passage] did inclose. 1634 Noble Souldier ii. sig. C^v You Don with th' oaker face. 1798 T. Jones Memoirs (1951) 77 Heavy sandy road, ground of a brown Okre Color. 1808 J. Wolcot One more Peep at Royal Acad. in Wks. (1812) V. 379 Welcome, sweet Miss in ochre bloom. 1868 J. A. B. Meta ii. iii. 27 Then see, dear reader, 'fore your eyes The savage in his ochre dyes. 1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. vii. 88 When first hatched the larva is grey with a black head, but in the mature larva the head is slightly chitinised and of a light ochre colour. 1993 J. Cartwright Masai Dreaming (BNC) 148 In the distance a group of Masai enters the landscape driving their animals; despite the fierce colours of their robes, completely at home in this brown and ochre world. Compounds C1. a. ochre bed n. ΚΠ 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 894 The ochre beds of England are in the iron sand, the lowest of the formations which intervene between the chalk and oolites. ochre pigment n. ΚΠ 1876 S. W. Cozzens Marvellous Country 398 Their faces were daubed with mud and ochre pigment. 1995 Science 28 Apr. 496/2 They were also using ocher pigments and grindstones made of materials that were not local. ochre-pit n. ΚΠ 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 894 A section of the ochre pits at Shotover Hill, near Oxford. 1998 O. Rackham Trees & Woodland in Brit. Landscape vi. 118 Certain well-defined kinds of dug pit—gravel-pits, brick-pits, marl-pits, bell-pits or drifts,..ochre-pits—sometimes happen to occur in woodland. b. ochre-brown adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > brown or brownness > [adjective] > light brown parchment1597 whited brown1650 whitey-brown1658 coffee-coloured1695 dust-coloured1800 ochre-brown1853 blonde1866 biscuit1875 weedy-brown1886 mousy1888 bisque1890 toast-coloured1898 suntan1923 sunblush1930 rachel1951 1853 Sci. Amer. 2 Apr. 229/4 The original blue color of the sulphate of Indigo becomes lighter and lighter, then acquires a greenish shade, then greenish brown, and almost immediately after an ochre brown. 1993 I. Watson Warhammer 40,000 (BNC) 80 A tracery in some golden marble which could become ochre-brown, which could become jet-black. ochre-coloured adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > brownish yellow ochry1567 olive-coloured1612 sand-coloured1627 shammy1661 buff-coloured1686 pea soup1703 ochreish1747 ochreous1761 buff1765 ochraceous1776 buff-colour1796 buffish1802 mustard-coloured1825 nankeen1838 buffy1842 ochre-coloured1845 mustardy1850 ochrous1877 buff-yellow1882 buff-washed1883 mustard1919 Sahara1923 wheaten1975 1845 Amer. Whig Rev. Dec. 649/1 The demon of tobacco can point with all safety to the exhausted lands of Virginia, and to the ochre-colored, lanthorn jawed, consumptive faces of the majority of his votaries. 1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 261 The ore, an ocher-colored earth, is found evenly deposited upon a hill-side. 1993 Wine May 55/1 Flying direct to Florence, the approach to the airport takes you in low over the Tuscan Hills, those rolling hills covered in swaying cypresses, ochre-coloured palazzos and tumbledown farmhouses. ochre-red adj. ΚΠ 1882 Garden 15 July 52/2 A pretty cut-leaved annual species..with ochre-red flowers. 1993 S. Wood Mask of Deception (BNC) His hand lovingly touched the ochre-red walls. ochre-tinted adj. ΚΠ 1869 R. F. Burton Explor. Highlands Brazil I. 23 Brand-new docks,..all ochre-tinted. 1961 Fantasy & Sci. Fiction Oct. 22 The ferry rocket..had left ten minutes ago and was now beginning the long fall back to the ochre-tinted globe. ochre-yellow adj. ΚΠ 1814 P. Syme Werner's Nomencl. Colours 34 Ochre Yellow, is sienna yellow with a little light chestnut brown. 1952 A. G. L. Hellyer Sanders' Encycl. Gardening (ed. 22) 121 Dayana, ochre-yellow, lip white and brown. 1980 Catal. Fine Chinese Ceramics (Sotheby, Hong Kong) 84 A massive tea-dust bowl..with a finely speckled deep olive-green glaze,..the base covered in an ochre-yellow glaze. C2. ochre grave n. Archaeology a grave containing bones covered with ochre; frequently used attributively (with hyphen) to designate a western Asian culture typified by graves of this type. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [noun] > mound > other specific types kurgan1889 ochre grave1924 1924 Man 24 68 All this lends support to Peake's view as to the race responsible for the ochre-grave culture. 1957 V. G. Childe Dawn European Civilization (ed. 6) ix. 149 (heading) The Ochre Grave Cultures of the Pontic Steppes. 1957 V. G. Childe Dawn European Civilization (ed. 6) ix. 157 The beginnings of the Ochre Grave culture should go back well into the third millenium. † ochreman n. Obsolete a man who works or deals in ochre, a colourman. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > colouring matter > [noun] > pigments > pigment-maker or dealer ochreman1592 chrome maker1921 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. D1 Their lips are as lauishly red, as if they vsed to kisse an okerman euery morning. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). ochreocherv. Brit. /ˈəʊkə/, U.S. /ˈoʊkər/ Forms: 1500s ocre, 1500s okre, 1600s oakre, 1600s oker, 1800s– ochre, 1900s– ocher (U.S.). Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: ochre n. Etymology: < ochre n. transitive. To colour, mark, or rub with ochre. (In quot. 1608 in extended use of cosmetics.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > making yellow > make yellow [verb (transitive)] > with dye or pigment ochre1553 saffron1593 besaffron1611 1553 J. Withals Shorte Dict. f. 38^v/1 Ocre, or Okre, to peinct with Ochra. 1608 J. Day Law-trickes sig. F1 Where you see a face newly okered, tis a signe ther's great traffique. 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 165 Their arms and thighs Oakred, and dyed with red..and yellow. 1825 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. i. iv. 117 In September the sheep are ochred, their backs and loins being rubbed with red ochre, or ruddle, dissolved in water. 1976 Current Anthropol. June 277 It was first engraved on a fragment of bone and then symbolically ochered red. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1364v.1553
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ochreochern.adj.

Compounds

ochreocherv.