oidiumn.

Brit.

/əʊˈɪdɪəm/, U.S.

/oʊˈɪdiəm/

Inflections: Plural oidia, oïdia.

Forms: 1800s– oidium, 1800s– oïdium.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Oidium.

Etymology: < scientific Latin Oidium, genus name (H. F. Link 1809, in Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin: Magazin f. die neuesten Entdeckungen in der gesammten Naturkunde 3 18) < ancient Greek ᾠόν egg (see oo- comb. form) + scientific Latin -idium -idium comb. form. Compare French oidium (1825 in sense 1). With sense 2 compare French oïdie (P. A. Dangeard 1896–7, in Botaniste 7 316).

Mycology.

a. (In form Oidium) a genus of imperfect fungi, now comprising anamorphs of the powdery mildews (order Erysiphales); (also oidium) a member of this genus, esp. Uncinula necator (formerly Oidium tuckeri), the fungus that causes grapevine powdery mildew.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants

bunt1800

Sclerotium1813

Alternaria1834

oidium1836

Septoria1836

conk1851

Rhizopus1854

snow-mould1855

vine-mildew1855

vine-fungus1857

bramble-brand1867

Microsphaera1871

wood-fungus1876

sphacelia1879

blue mould1882

orange fungus1882

cluster-cup1883

hop-mildew1883

powdery mildew1886

cladosporium1887

shot-hole fungus1897

verdet1897

wound-fungus1897

fusarium1907

verticillium1916

rhynchosporium1918

coral-spot1923

blind-seed fungus1939

sclerotinia1950

1836 M. J. Berkeley in J. E. Smith Eng. Flora V. ii. 348 O. aureum, Lk. (golden Oidium)... On analysis it is most clearly a true Oidium.

1857 M. J. Berkeley Introd. Cryptogamic Bot. 300 It has already been shown that these supposed species of Oidium are not true moulds, but merely states of different species of erysiphe.

1888 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VI. 328/2 The oidia cause the so-called ‘mildews’.

1933 Q. Rev. Biol. 8 313/2 The effect of acquired immunity in checking the severity of epidemic tree diseases has already been mentioned with respect to the Oidium disease of oak, the Gymnosporangium rust of red cedar, the Endothia canker of chestnut and the Hemileia rust of coffee.

1970 J. Webster Introd. Fungi ii. iii. 191 The segments [of conidium] become swollen and barrel-shaped, and are detached by wind. This type of conidial apparatus belongs to the form-genus Oidium of the Fungi Imperfecti.

1988 I. M. Smith et al. European Handbk. Plant Dis. x. 270/2 A few powdery mildews are caused by conidial fungi with no known teleomorphs... In Europe, these are all Oidium species.

b. The disease grapevine powdery mildew.

ΚΠ

1859 Times 20 Sept. 8/3 The late rain has favoured the growth of the grapes which escaped the oïdium and the hail.

1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 571 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV The sulphur-cure for the oïdium, the most formidable disease that attacks the vine.

1902 Westm. Gaz. 22 Aug. 8/1 Our Bordeaux correspondent says that..the vines are suffering from black rot, oïdium, and brown rot.

1990 Decanter Mar. 60/2 But no sooner had the vineyard been put into good order when the first of the three great Bordeaux disasters, oidium, took its toll.

2. A conidium formed by the breaking up of a hypha.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > parts of > reproductive parts

capsule1693

perithecium1800

aecidium1821

hymenium1830

pseudoperidium1832

pseudoperithecium1832

disc1842

trichidium1842

spicule1843

sporophore1849

stylospore1851

pycnide1856

cyst1857

pycnidium1857

basidium1858

cystidium1858

basidiospore1859

conidium1861

pollinarium1861

gonosphere1865

hymenophorum1866

spicula1866

teleutospore1866

promycelium1867

gonosphaerium1873

hymenophore1874

paracyst1874

sterigma1874

pollinodium1875

scolecite1875

uredospore1875

metuloid1879

operculum1879

uredo1879

aecidiospore1880

pycnidiospore1880

uredo-fruit1882

chlamydospore1884

teleutosorus1884

fruitcake1885

ascocarp1887

periplasm1887

pycnospore1887

pyrenocarp1887

macrostylospore1894

autobasidium1895

oidium1895

zygophore1904

aeciospore1905

aecium1905

pycniospore1905

teliospore1905

telium1905

uredinium1905

uredosorus1905

fruit-body1912

sporodochium1913

probasidium1916

fruiting body1918

pycnium1926

holobasidium1928

protoperithecium1937

uredium1937

1895 M. C. Cooke Introd. Study Fungi Gloss. 355/1 Oidium, a generic term, sometimes applied to concatenate conidia, which are successively abstricted at the apex of hyphae.

1937 H. C. I. Gwynne-Vaughan & B. Barnes Structure & Devel. Fungi (ed. 2) 169 In Endomyces Magnusii vegetative multiplication is by means of oidia.

1947 C. E. Skinner et al. Henrici's Molds, Yeasts, & Actinomycetes (ed. 2) i. 5 These oidia or free cells bear a great resemblance to and may be mistaken for true yeasts.

1953 J. Ramsbottom Mushrooms & Toadstools xx. 241 The mycelium continues alive in the decayed wood for some time, often in the form of oidia, formed by the protoplasm massing together in parts of the hyphae and being separated off by cross walls.

1988 L. Margulis & K. V. Schwartz Five Kingdoms (ed. 2) 163/1 The Monilia comprise more than 10,000 species... They reproduce by means of oidia, thin-walled cells that break off from the tips of ordinary hyphae.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	oidium
释义	oidiumn. Brit. /əʊˈɪdɪəm/, U.S. /oʊˈɪdiəm/ Inflections: Plural oidia, oïdia. Forms: 1800s– oidium, 1800s– oïdium. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Oidium. Etymology: < scientific Latin Oidium, genus name (H. F. Link 1809, in Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin: Magazin f. die neuesten Entdeckungen in der gesammten Naturkunde 3 18) < ancient Greek ᾠόν egg (see oo- comb. form) + scientific Latin -idium -idium comb. form. Compare French oidium (1825 in sense 1). With sense 2 compare French oïdie (P. A. Dangeard 1896–7, in Botaniste 7 316). Mycology. 1. a. (In form Oidium) a genus of imperfect fungi, now comprising anamorphs of the powdery mildews (order Erysiphales); (also oidium) a member of this genus, esp. Uncinula necator (formerly Oidium tuckeri), the fungus that causes grapevine powdery mildew. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants bunt1800 Sclerotium1813 Alternaria1834 oidium1836 Septoria1836 conk1851 Rhizopus1854 snow-mould1855 vine-mildew1855 vine-fungus1857 bramble-brand1867 Microsphaera1871 wood-fungus1876 sphacelia1879 blue mould1882 orange fungus1882 cluster-cup1883 hop-mildew1883 powdery mildew1886 cladosporium1887 shot-hole fungus1897 verdet1897 wound-fungus1897 fusarium1907 verticillium1916 rhynchosporium1918 coral-spot1923 blind-seed fungus1939 sclerotinia1950 1836 M. J. Berkeley in J. E. Smith Eng. Flora V. ii. 348 O. aureum, Lk. (golden Oidium)... On analysis it is most clearly a true Oidium. 1857 M. J. Berkeley Introd. Cryptogamic Bot. 300 It has already been shown that these supposed species of Oidium are not true moulds, but merely states of different species of erysiphe. 1888 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. VI. 328/2 The oidia cause the so-called ‘mildews’. 1933 Q. Rev. Biol. 8 313/2 The effect of acquired immunity in checking the severity of epidemic tree diseases has already been mentioned with respect to the Oidium disease of oak, the Gymnosporangium rust of red cedar, the Endothia canker of chestnut and the Hemileia rust of coffee. 1970 J. Webster Introd. Fungi ii. iii. 191 The segments [of conidium] become swollen and barrel-shaped, and are detached by wind. This type of conidial apparatus belongs to the form-genus Oidium of the Fungi Imperfecti. 1988 I. M. Smith et al. European Handbk. Plant Dis. x. 270/2 A few powdery mildews are caused by conidial fungi with no known teleomorphs... In Europe, these are all Oidium species. b. The disease grapevine powdery mildew. ΚΠ 1859 Times 20 Sept. 8/3 The late rain has favoured the growth of the grapes which escaped the oïdium and the hail. 1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 571 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV The sulphur-cure for the oïdium, the most formidable disease that attacks the vine. 1902 Westm. Gaz. 22 Aug. 8/1 Our Bordeaux correspondent says that..the vines are suffering from black rot, oïdium, and brown rot. 1990 Decanter Mar. 60/2 But no sooner had the vineyard been put into good order when the first of the three great Bordeaux disasters, oidium, took its toll. 2. A conidium formed by the breaking up of a hypha. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > parts of > reproductive parts capsule1693 perithecium1800 aecidium1821 hymenium1830 pseudoperidium1832 pseudoperithecium1832 disc1842 trichidium1842 spicule1843 sporophore1849 stylospore1851 pycnide1856 cyst1857 pycnidium1857 basidium1858 cystidium1858 basidiospore1859 conidium1861 pollinarium1861 gonosphere1865 hymenophorum1866 spicula1866 teleutospore1866 promycelium1867 gonosphaerium1873 hymenophore1874 paracyst1874 sterigma1874 pollinodium1875 scolecite1875 uredospore1875 metuloid1879 operculum1879 uredo1879 aecidiospore1880 pycnidiospore1880 uredo-fruit1882 chlamydospore1884 teleutosorus1884 fruitcake1885 ascocarp1887 periplasm1887 pycnospore1887 pyrenocarp1887 macrostylospore1894 autobasidium1895 oidium1895 zygophore1904 aeciospore1905 aecium1905 pycniospore1905 teliospore1905 telium1905 uredinium1905 uredosorus1905 fruit-body1912 sporodochium1913 probasidium1916 fruiting body1918 pycnium1926 holobasidium1928 protoperithecium1937 uredium1937 1895 M. C. Cooke Introd. Study Fungi Gloss. 355/1 Oidium, a generic term, sometimes applied to concatenate conidia, which are successively abstricted at the apex of hyphae. 1937 H. C. I. Gwynne-Vaughan & B. Barnes Structure & Devel. Fungi (ed. 2) 169 In Endomyces Magnusii vegetative multiplication is by means of oidia. 1947 C. E. Skinner et al. Henrici's Molds, Yeasts, & Actinomycetes (ed. 2) i. 5 These oidia or free cells bear a great resemblance to and may be mistaken for true yeasts. 1953 J. Ramsbottom Mushrooms & Toadstools xx. 241 The mycelium continues alive in the decayed wood for some time, often in the form of oidia, formed by the protoplasm massing together in parts of the hyphae and being separated off by cross walls. 1988 L. Margulis & K. V. Schwartz Five Kingdoms (ed. 2) 163/1 The Monilia comprise more than 10,000 species... They reproduce by means of oidia, thin-walled cells that break off from the tips of ordinary hyphae. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1836
随便看	gentlemen's bargain gentlemen's shirt buttons gentlemen-commoners gentlemen-pensioners gentlemen-ushers gentlemens club gentleness gentlenesses gentlepeople gentleperson gentlepersons gentler gentlerising gentlery gentlery-man gentleryman gentles gentleseeming gentleship gentlesouled gentlesounding gentlespirited gentlest gentlewoman gentlewoman farmer