Old Testamentn.adj.

Brit.

/ˌəʊl(d) ˈtɛstəm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˌoʊl(d) ˈtɛstəm(ə)nt/

Forms: see old adj. and testament n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: old adj., testament n.

Etymology: < old adj. + testament n., after post-classical Latin vetus testamentum (Vulgate, denoting a written pact between God and man), itself after Hellenistic Greek παλαιὰ διαθήκη (Septuagint, denoting a pact between God and man; 2nd cent. a.d. denoting a division of the Bible). Compare slightly earlier New Testament n.In Old English the Latin vetus testamentum is usually rendered by sēo ealde (ge)cȳðnes, lit. ‘the old knowledge, the old testimony’.

A. n.

Christian Church. The first of the two main divisions of the Bible, corresponding approximately to the Hebrew Bible and concerned with the Mosaic dispensation. Cf. New Testament n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Testament > Old Testament > [noun]

the old lawc1000

the Law and the Prophetsc1175

Moses and the Prophetsc1175

Biblea1300

Old and the New Testamenta1300

seventya1382

Old Testamenta1387

Septuagint1566

LXX1604

OT1845

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 293 In þe olde testament me redeþ... In þe newe testament.

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 61 As the old testament beryth wytnesse.

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Comm. on Canticles in Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) Prol. 4 The lare of the ald testament, & of the new.

1595 W. Lisle Babilon 35 When with my selfe I way the sacred counterpawn Of Gods old Testament.

1680 J. Bunyan Life & Death Mr. Badman 137 It is forbidden by the Law of God both in the Old Testament and in the New.

1711 E. Budgell Spectator No. 162. ¶4 In the Old Testament we find several Passages more elevated and sublime than any in Homer.

1795 F. Wrangham Poems 16 Bishop Newton proves..with a melancholy degree of exactness, the prophecies of the Old Testament relative to their ultimate condition.

1838 H. W. Herbert Cromwell I. ii. i. 194 [He] occupied himself in preaching, or expounding rather, the mysterious prophecies of the Old Testament.

1875 L. Larcom Idyl of Work viii. 102 The two girls, Who best knew mountains glimpsed among the leaves Of the Old Testament.

1917 A. Cahan Rise of David Levinsky (1993) xiii. ii. 463 I happened to drop a remark to the effect that Hebrew, the language of the Old Testament, was a dead language.

1964 Life 25 Dec. 96/1 They offered ‘proof texts’ from the Old Testament demonstrating how his actions fulfilled the old prophecies.

2000 Oxf. American May–June 26/2 I never read Augustine (or the Old Testament, for that matter) in college, except maybe for a couple of weeks in lit-crit class.

B. adj.

1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Old Testament.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Testament > Old Testament > [adjective]

Old Testament1629

Septuagintal1656

Old Testamentaire1671

1629 J. Lightfoot Erubhin xliv. 145 The old Testament books, the Iewes acrostically doe write thus in three letters [etc.].

1649 T. Paget Relig. Scrutiny 12 Magistrates in new Testament times, ought to hold course against sinful evil..as well as they did in old Testament times.

1678 J. Bunyan Come, & Welcome 18 To call God by this relative Title was rare among the Saints in Old-Testament times.

1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 32 The fulfilling [of] Old-Testament Types, and Old-Testament Promises.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. lxxi. 254 I have some of the Old Testament history, as it is called, in my head.

1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose i, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 159 Had the Author of our holy religion considered any peculiar form of church government as essential to salvation, it would have been revealed with the same precision as under the Old Testament dispensation.

1872 S. Butler Erewhon vi. 52 I should rank next to the Apostles, if not as high as they—..possibly above any Old Testament writer except Moses and Isaiah.

1906 H. B. Swete Apocalypse Introd. xv. §1. 170 The Jewish..bear the names of Old Testament patriarchs.

1992 G. Hancock Sign & Seal iii. xi. 253 Ethiopian Christians also observed the Old Testament food laws.

2. figurative. Stern, unforgiving, or patriarchal in character.

ΚΠ

1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Triumph of Faith 151 Papists, who acknowledge that venials, little sins, and motes are in us alwayes in this life; but it may be this is the Old Testament-Spirit that speaketh, as they say.

1692 Covt. Grace Conditional 71 Calling them, Duty-mongers, Men of an Old Testament Spirit.

1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere II. iii. xxiii. 237 The Old Testament element in her found a lawful satisfaction in Henslowe's fall.

1970 T. Williams Let. 24 Sept. in Five O'Clock Angel (1991) 208 Audrey is in one of her Old Testament furies so no support can be expected from that quarter.

2002 New Yorker 18 Mar. 74/2 His Old Testament style..has offended, at one time or another, practically everyone he has ever encountered.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	old testament
释义	Old Testamentn.adj. Brit. /ˌəʊl(d) ˈtɛstəm(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˌoʊl(d) ˈtɛstəm(ə)nt/ Forms: see old adj. and testament n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: old adj., testament n. Etymology: < old adj. + testament n., after post-classical Latin vetus testamentum (Vulgate, denoting a written pact between God and man), itself after Hellenistic Greek παλαιὰ διαθήκη (Septuagint, denoting a pact between God and man; 2nd cent. a.d. denoting a division of the Bible). Compare slightly earlier New Testament n.In Old English the Latin vetus testamentum is usually rendered by sēo ealde (ge)cȳðnes, lit. ‘the old knowledge, the old testimony’. A. n. Christian Church. The first of the two main divisions of the Bible, corresponding approximately to the Hebrew Bible and concerned with the Mosaic dispensation. Cf. New Testament n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Testament > Old Testament > [noun] the old lawc1000 the Law and the Prophetsc1175 Moses and the Prophetsc1175 Biblea1300 Old and the New Testamenta1300 seventya1382 Old Testamenta1387 Septuagint1566 LXX1604 OT1845 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 293 In þe olde testament me redeþ... In þe newe testament. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 61 As the old testament beryth wytnesse. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Comm. on Canticles in Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) Prol. 4 The lare of the ald testament, & of the new. 1595 W. Lisle Babilon 35 When with my selfe I way the sacred counterpawn Of Gods old Testament. 1680 J. Bunyan Life & Death Mr. Badman 137 It is forbidden by the Law of God both in the Old Testament and in the New. 1711 E. Budgell Spectator No. 162. ¶4 In the Old Testament we find several Passages more elevated and sublime than any in Homer. 1795 F. Wrangham Poems 16 Bishop Newton proves..with a melancholy degree of exactness, the prophecies of the Old Testament relative to their ultimate condition. 1838 H. W. Herbert Cromwell I. ii. i. 194 [He] occupied himself in preaching, or expounding rather, the mysterious prophecies of the Old Testament. 1875 L. Larcom Idyl of Work viii. 102 The two girls, Who best knew mountains glimpsed among the leaves Of the Old Testament. 1917 A. Cahan Rise of David Levinsky (1993) xiii. ii. 463 I happened to drop a remark to the effect that Hebrew, the language of the Old Testament, was a dead language. 1964 Life 25 Dec. 96/1 They offered ‘proof texts’ from the Old Testament demonstrating how his actions fulfilled the old prophecies. 2000 Oxf. American May–June 26/2 I never read Augustine (or the Old Testament, for that matter) in college, except maybe for a couple of weeks in lit-crit class. B. adj. 1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Old Testament. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > Testament > Old Testament > [adjective] Old Testament1629 Septuagintal1656 Old Testamentaire1671 1629 J. Lightfoot Erubhin xliv. 145 The old Testament books, the Iewes acrostically doe write thus in three letters [etc.]. 1649 T. Paget Relig. Scrutiny 12 Magistrates in new Testament times, ought to hold course against sinful evil..as well as they did in old Testament times. 1678 J. Bunyan Come, & Welcome 18 To call God by this relative Title was rare among the Saints in Old-Testament times. 1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 32 The fulfilling [of] Old-Testament Types, and Old-Testament Promises. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. lxxi. 254 I have some of the Old Testament history, as it is called, in my head. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose i, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 159 Had the Author of our holy religion considered any peculiar form of church government as essential to salvation, it would have been revealed with the same precision as under the Old Testament dispensation. 1872 S. Butler Erewhon vi. 52 I should rank next to the Apostles, if not as high as they—..possibly above any Old Testament writer except Moses and Isaiah. 1906 H. B. Swete Apocalypse Introd. xv. §1. 170 The Jewish..bear the names of Old Testament patriarchs. 1992 G. Hancock Sign & Seal iii. xi. 253 Ethiopian Christians also observed the Old Testament food laws. 2. figurative. Stern, unforgiving, or patriarchal in character. ΚΠ 1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Triumph of Faith 151 Papists, who acknowledge that venials, little sins, and motes are in us alwayes in this life; but it may be this is the Old Testament-Spirit that speaketh, as they say. 1692 Covt. Grace Conditional 71 Calling them, Duty-mongers, Men of an Old Testament Spirit. 1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere II. iii. xxiii. 237 The Old Testament element in her found a lawful satisfaction in Henslowe's fall. 1970 T. Williams Let. 24 Sept. in Five O'Clock Angel (1991) 208 Audrey is in one of her Old Testament furies so no support can be expected from that quarter. 2002 New Yorker 18 Mar. 74/2 His Old Testament style..has offended, at one time or another, practically everyone he has ever encountered. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.a1387
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