† ofdreadv.

Forms: Old English ofdræd (past participle), Old English ofdrædd (past participle), late Old English–Middle English ofdred (past participle), Middle English odrat (past participle), Middle English ofdrad (past participle), Middle English ofdradd (past participle), Middle English ofdradde (past tense), Middle English ofdrade (past tense), Middle English ofdredd (past participle), Middle English ofdrede, Middle English ofdret (past participle), Middle English offdredd ( Ormulum). See also adread v.²

Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: of- prefix, dread v.

Etymology: Probably < of- prefix + dread v. (although compare discussion at dread v.), either after offear v. and offright v. (although these are both first attested later) or showing a similar alteration of an (unattested) formation in a- prefix¹ (compare of- prefix 2); the reflex of such a formation could perhaps be shown by the later variant adread v.² and by adread adj., although these could easily have arisen simply from later reduction of of- , perhaps reinforced by association with adread v.¹

Obsolete.

transitive. To terrify, frighten. Chiefly in past participle. Also reflexive: to fear, be afraid.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective]

affrightedOE

ofdreadOE

afearedOE

offearedlOE

radc1175

frightya1325

fearedc1330

fearfulc1374

afraidc1380

frayeda1400

wrotha1400

afearc1410

ghastful1422

fleyedc1425

afleyeda1500

a flighta1535

effrayed1553

flight-given?1611

hareda1618

frighted1647

affrightened1649

frighteneda1721

scared1725

intimidated1727

frightsome1827

scary1827

funked1831

fearing1837

funked out1859

fearsome1863

chickenshit1940

the mind > emotion > fear > be afraid [verb (reflexive)]

dreadc1175

agastc1300

ofdreadc1300

doubtc1330

fear1393

shitc1813

OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 54 Ða Malchus þas word gehyrde..he ofdræd sloh adun þærrihte.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxv. 25 Ic ferde ofdræd, & behydde þin pund on eorþan.

?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1140 Wurþen men suiðe ofuundred & ofdred.

a1200 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Trin. Cambr.) 43 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 221 Ne þerf he bon of-dred of fure.

a1200 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Trin. Cambr.) 159 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 224 We muȝen ben sore offerd and harde us ofdrade.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7575 His men weoren of-dredde [c1300 Otho adradde].

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 291 (MED) Sore ihc me ofdrede He wolde horn misrede.

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) 1205 (MED) Wel sore hyre of dradde Þat horn child ded were.

c1300 Assumption of Virgin (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1901) l. 93 Ne beo noȝt of drad þeȝ ihc beo her.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 3723 Alle þay waxen sore of-drad.

a1400 (a1325) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Trin. Cambr.) (1887) 1263 (MED) Ne beo þou, sire, nout of drad.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	ofdread
释义	† ofdreadv. Forms: Old English ofdræd (past participle), Old English ofdrædd (past participle), late Old English–Middle English ofdred (past participle), Middle English odrat (past participle), Middle English ofdrad (past participle), Middle English ofdradd (past participle), Middle English ofdradde (past tense), Middle English ofdrade (past tense), Middle English ofdredd (past participle), Middle English ofdrede, Middle English ofdret (past participle), Middle English offdredd ( Ormulum). See also adread v.² Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: of- prefix, dread v. Etymology: Probably < of- prefix + dread v. (although compare discussion at dread v.), either after offear v. and offright v. (although these are both first attested later) or showing a similar alteration of an (unattested) formation in a- prefix¹ (compare of- prefix 2); the reflex of such a formation could perhaps be shown by the later variant adread v.² and by adread adj., although these could easily have arisen simply from later reduction of of- , perhaps reinforced by association with adread v.¹ Obsolete. transitive. To terrify, frighten. Chiefly in past participle. Also reflexive: to fear, be afraid. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > [adjective] affrightedOE ofdreadOE afearedOE offearedlOE radc1175 frightya1325 fearedc1330 fearfulc1374 afraidc1380 frayeda1400 wrotha1400 afearc1410 ghastful1422 fleyedc1425 afleyeda1500 a flighta1535 effrayed1553 flight-given?1611 hareda1618 frighted1647 affrightened1649 frighteneda1721 scared1725 intimidated1727 frightsome1827 scary1827 funked1831 fearing1837 funked out1859 fearsome1863 chickenshit1940 the mind > emotion > fear > be afraid [verb (reflexive)] dreadc1175 agastc1300 ofdreadc1300 doubtc1330 fear1393 shitc1813 OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 54 Ða Malchus þas word gehyrde..he ofdræd sloh adun þærrihte. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxv. 25 Ic ferde ofdræd, & behydde þin pund on eorþan. ?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1140 Wurþen men suiðe ofuundred & ofdred. a1200 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Trin. Cambr.) 43 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 221 Ne þerf he bon of-dred of fure. a1200 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Trin. Cambr.) 159 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 224 We muȝen ben sore offerd and harde us ofdrade. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7575 His men weoren of-dredde [c1300 Otho adradde]. c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 291 (MED) Sore ihc me ofdrede He wolde horn misrede. c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) 1205 (MED) Wel sore hyre of dradde Þat horn child ded were. c1300 Assumption of Virgin (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1901) l. 93 Ne beo noȝt of drad þeȝ ihc beo her. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 3723 Alle þay waxen sore of-drad. a1400 (a1325) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Trin. Cambr.) (1887) 1263 (MED) Ne beo þou, sire, nout of drad. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.OE
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