opennessn.

Brit.

/ˈəʊp(ə)nnəs/, U.S.

/ˈoʊpə(n)nəs/

Forms: see open adj. and -ness suffix; also Old English openes, Old English opennys, 1500s openesse, 1600s–1700s openess.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German offannussa , offannussi < the Germanic base of open adj. + the Germanic base of -ness suffix.In sense 2b in early use after Russian glasnost′ glasnost n.

1. The quality or condition of being open (in various senses).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > [noun]

opennessOE

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [noun] > liability to harm, loss, etc. > action or condition of exposure to harm > unprotectedness

nakednessa1586

openness1587

exposedness1620

obviousness1669

defencelessness1683

unguardedness1818

unprotectedness1819

fencelessness1856

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > [noun] > being receptive to ideas

opennessa1690

open-mindedness1865

OE St. Mary of Egypt (Julius) (2002) 62 Swa miccle ma þa sceawiað þa opennysse þære godcundan onlihtnysse þe heora lichaman symle geclænsiað mid syfrum þeawum.

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxvi. 231 Twa cyn beoð..þæs martyrhades, oðer byþ in deogolnesse, oþer byþ in opennesse.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 249/2 Opynnesse, ovuerture.

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. xiii. 68/2, in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I There is nothing to be discommended in this riuer, but the openesse thereof..to the weather.

1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xv. iv. 536 Mans opennesse to aduersity.

1662 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1820) VII. 388/2 Throw the oppennes of the meillmarket being vncovered.

a1690 J. Burnyeat Jrnl. in Truth Exalted (1691) 43 A great Openness I found in the Country [sc. Virginia], and had several blessed Meetings.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. ii. 309 Aided by the openness of the woods.

1791 ‘T. Newte’ Prospects & Observ. Tour 239 The openness of the fields makes this improvement impracticable or unprofitable.

1874 J. Morley On Compromise 32 [That] which..clogs their intellectual energy and mental openness.

1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 313/2 Ut was also changed to Do (France excepted) for the sake of the openness of the vowel.

1911 J. London War in Nation 29 July 635/2 He halted at an ancient rail fence on the edge of a clearing. He did not like the openness of it.

1975 M. Helprin Dove of East 87 She had read all her life of the openness of the West.

1990 Vital Speeches 1 June 505/2 The first precept—openness to change—is perhaps the broadest and most crucial to innovate success.

2. spec.

a. Absence of dissimulation, secrecy, or reserve; frankness, candour, sincerity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun] > straightforwardness or frankness

openness1605

open-heartedness1611

ingenuity1614

frankness1668

unreservedness1713

straightforwardness1805

yaefauldness1864

outrightness1865

1605 B. Jonson Sejanus v. sig. M2 Though we could have wishd his Zeale had runne a calmer course against Agrippina, and our Nephues, howsoeuer the opennesse o their actions, declared them delinquents.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. vi. 89 Deliuer with more opennesse your answeres To my demands.

1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Ingenuity,..a natural Openness and Sincerity always to acknowledge the Truth.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 119. ¶2 An unconstrained Carriage, and a certain Openness of Behaviour are the Height of Good Breeding.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 669 [Chicasaws] have an openness in their countenances and behaviour, uncommon among savages.

1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I I. xi. 308 There is an apparent openness in the speech, which gives a favourable idea of the man.

1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 111 He considers openness to be the best policy.

1935 Classical Philol. 30 313 The new virtue..signified absolute frankness and openness of speech and conduct.

1989 I. Taylor George Eliot (1990) v. 57 For all his apparent openness Bray tried to keep his affair quiet.

b. Politics. Lack of secrecy in matters concerning politics and the state; frankness in public statements; (also) the freedom of speech and information resulting from this.

ΚΠ

1981 N.Y. Times 13 Mar. a7/1 The Russians, it seems, have rediscovered the value of Lenin's dictum that ‘glasnost’, the Russian word for openness or publicity, is a desirable form of conduct.

1986 N.Y. Times 22 Feb. i. 2/1 Exposés of corruption, shortages and economic problems appear virtually daily in the [Soviet] press. It is a change that became evident after Mikhail S. Gorbachev came to office last March and called for more ‘glasnost’, or openness, in covering domestic affairs.

1994 New Scientist 30 July 3/1 The Marshallese claim that documents released by US energy secretary Hazel O'Leary as part of her department's ‘openness initiative’ prove..that the US knowingly let them stay out in the open as fallout drifted over their islands.

†3. Of weather: mildness, clearness, freedom from cloud. esp. absence of frost. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [noun] > clear condition

clearnessa1400

clear1589

openness1611

cloudlessnessa1851

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [noun] > absence of frost

openness1856

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Serenité, serenitie, cleerenesse,..calmenesse, or opennesse of weather.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. iv. 42 The known openness of the season of 1852 and the probable mildness of the following winter.

1882 Good Words Apr. 252 The openness of the weather during the past winter.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	openness
释义	opennessn. Brit. /ˈəʊp(ə)nnəs/, U.S. /ˈoʊpə(n)nəs/ Forms: see open adj. and -ness suffix; also Old English openes, Old English opennys, 1500s openesse, 1600s–1700s openess. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old High German offannussa , offannussi < the Germanic base of open adj. + the Germanic base of -ness suffix.In sense 2b in early use after Russian glasnost′ glasnost n. 1. The quality or condition of being open (in various senses). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > [noun] opennessOE the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > danger > [noun] > liability to harm, loss, etc. > action or condition of exposure to harm > unprotectedness nakednessa1586 openness1587 exposedness1620 obviousness1669 defencelessness1683 unguardedness1818 unprotectedness1819 fencelessness1856 the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > [noun] > being receptive to ideas opennessa1690 open-mindedness1865 OE St. Mary of Egypt (Julius) (2002) 62 Swa miccle ma þa sceawiað þa opennysse þære godcundan onlihtnysse þe heora lichaman symle geclænsiað mid syfrum þeawum. OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iii. xxvi. 231 Twa cyn beoð..þæs martyrhades, oðer byþ in deogolnesse, oþer byþ in opennesse. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 249/2 Opynnesse, ovuerture. 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. xiii. 68/2, in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I There is nothing to be discommended in this riuer, but the openesse thereof..to the weather. 1610 J. Healey tr. St. Augustine Citie of God xv. iv. 536 Mans opennesse to aduersity. 1662 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1820) VII. 388/2 Throw the oppennes of the meillmarket being vncovered. a1690 J. Burnyeat Jrnl. in Truth Exalted (1691) 43 A great Openness I found in the Country [sc. Virginia], and had several blessed Meetings. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. ii. 309 Aided by the openness of the woods. 1791 ‘T. Newte’ Prospects & Observ. Tour 239 The openness of the fields makes this improvement impracticable or unprofitable. 1874 J. Morley On Compromise 32 [That] which..clogs their intellectual energy and mental openness. 1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 313/2 Ut was also changed to Do (France excepted) for the sake of the openness of the vowel. 1911 J. London War in Nation 29 July 635/2 He halted at an ancient rail fence on the edge of a clearing. He did not like the openness of it. 1975 M. Helprin Dove of East 87 She had read all her life of the openness of the West. 1990 Vital Speeches 1 June 505/2 The first precept—openness to change—is perhaps the broadest and most crucial to innovate success. 2. spec. a. Absence of dissimulation, secrecy, or reserve; frankness, candour, sincerity. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > unaffectedness or naturalness > [noun] > straightforwardness or frankness openness1605 open-heartedness1611 ingenuity1614 frankness1668 unreservedness1713 straightforwardness1805 yaefauldness1864 outrightness1865 1605 B. Jonson Sejanus v. sig. M2 Though we could have wishd his Zeale had runne a calmer course against Agrippina, and our Nephues, howsoeuer the opennesse o their actions, declared them delinquents. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. vi. 89 Deliuer with more opennesse your answeres To my demands. View more context for this quotation 1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Ingenuity,..a natural Openness and Sincerity always to acknowledge the Truth. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 119. ¶2 An unconstrained Carriage, and a certain Openness of Behaviour are the Height of Good Breeding. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 669 [Chicasaws] have an openness in their countenances and behaviour, uncommon among savages. 1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I I. xi. 308 There is an apparent openness in the speech, which gives a favourable idea of the man. 1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues I. 111 He considers openness to be the best policy. 1935 Classical Philol. 30 313 The new virtue..signified absolute frankness and openness of speech and conduct. 1989 I. Taylor George Eliot (1990) v. 57 For all his apparent openness Bray tried to keep his affair quiet. b. Politics. Lack of secrecy in matters concerning politics and the state; frankness in public statements; (also) the freedom of speech and information resulting from this. ΚΠ 1981 N.Y. Times 13 Mar. a7/1 The Russians, it seems, have rediscovered the value of Lenin's dictum that ‘glasnost’, the Russian word for openness or publicity, is a desirable form of conduct. 1986 N.Y. Times 22 Feb. i. 2/1 Exposés of corruption, shortages and economic problems appear virtually daily in the [Soviet] press. It is a change that became evident after Mikhail S. Gorbachev came to office last March and called for more ‘glasnost’, or openness, in covering domestic affairs. 1994 New Scientist 30 July 3/1 The Marshallese claim that documents released by US energy secretary Hazel O'Leary as part of her department's ‘openness initiative’ prove..that the US knowingly let them stay out in the open as fallout drifted over their islands. †3. Of weather: mildness, clearness, freedom from cloud. esp. absence of frost. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [noun] > clear condition clearnessa1400 clear1589 openness1611 cloudlessnessa1851 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > fine weather > [noun] > absence of frost openness1856 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Serenité, serenitie, cleerenesse,..calmenesse, or opennesse of weather. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. iv. 42 The known openness of the season of 1852 and the probable mildness of the following winter. 1882 Good Words Apr. 252 The openness of the weather during the past winter. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.OE
随便看	good neighborhood good neighborly good neighborship good neighbour good neighbourhood good neighbourly good neighbourship good news good night sleep tight good office good oil good ol' good ol' boy good old good old boy good old days good old times good ole good ole boy good on etc good on her good on him good on you good or fair semblant good parliament