oppidumn.

Brit.

/ˈɒpɪdəm/, U.S.

/ˈɑpəd(ə)m/

Inflections: Plural oppida.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin oppidum.

Etymology: < classical Latin oppidum town, usually a walled or fortified town, in post-classical Latin also castle, stronghold (from 8th cent. in British sources; from 10th cent. in continental sources); further etymology uncertain. Compare French oppidum (1765).The adoption of oppidum as an archaeological term derives from Caesar's use of the Latin word to describe the fortified towns he encountered during his conquest of Gaul 58–51 b.c. (in De Bello Gallico 5. 21. 3).

Archaeology.

A late Iron Age Celtic fortified town or stronghold.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] > other types of fort

hendecagon1648

grand1670

etoile1727

vitrified fort1777

roundabout1795

ring fort1846

oppidum1847

sea-fort1879

motte-and-bailey1900

motte castle1912

mote-castle1919

murus gallicus1939

1847 J. Y. Akerman Archæol. Index i. viii. 45 An assemblage of huts and cabins formed the vicus of the Gauls and Britons; but when surrounded by entrenchments, they constituted an oppidum.

1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. (at cited word) Oppidum, a fortified town... A stronghold overlooking a plain.

1958 T. G. E. Powell Celts 86 The continuing cultural characteristics of the oppida dwellers showed their North Alpine origins.

1970 W. Bray & D. Trump Dict. Archaeol. 167/2 Celtic oppida..were large permanent settlements, usually of hillfort type.

1991 G. Webster Archaeologist at Large 71 The Roman traders, whose imports have been found at..the great oppidum at Bagendon near Cirencester.

2000 Oxoniensia 64 3 Although an oppidum has been identified at Silchester (in Roman times Calleva Atrebatum), there is no very clear coin-area associated.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	oppidum
释义	oppidumn. Brit. /ˈɒpɪdəm/, U.S. /ˈɑpəd(ə)m/ Inflections: Plural oppida. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin oppidum. Etymology: < classical Latin oppidum town, usually a walled or fortified town, in post-classical Latin also castle, stronghold (from 8th cent. in British sources; from 10th cent. in continental sources); further etymology uncertain. Compare French oppidum (1765).The adoption of oppidum as an archaeological term derives from Caesar's use of the Latin word to describe the fortified towns he encountered during his conquest of Gaul 58–51 b.c. (in De Bello Gallico 5. 21. 3). Archaeology. A late Iron Age Celtic fortified town or stronghold. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] > other types of fort hendecagon1648 grand1670 etoile1727 vitrified fort1777 roundabout1795 ring fort1846 oppidum1847 sea-fort1879 motte-and-bailey1900 motte castle1912 mote-castle1919 murus gallicus1939 1847 J. Y. Akerman Archæol. Index i. viii. 45 An assemblage of huts and cabins formed the vicus of the Gauls and Britons; but when surrounded by entrenchments, they constituted an oppidum. 1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. (at cited word) Oppidum, a fortified town... A stronghold overlooking a plain. 1958 T. G. E. Powell Celts 86 The continuing cultural characteristics of the oppida dwellers showed their North Alpine origins. 1970 W. Bray & D. Trump Dict. Archaeol. 167/2 Celtic oppida..were large permanent settlements, usually of hillfort type. 1991 G. Webster Archaeologist at Large 71 The Roman traders, whose imports have been found at..the great oppidum at Bagendon near Cirencester. 2000 Oxoniensia 64 3 Although an oppidum has been identified at Silchester (in Roman times Calleva Atrebatum), there is no very clear coin-area associated. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1847
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