onagern.

Brit.

/ˈɒnədʒə/,

/ˈɒnəɡə/, U.S.

/ˈɑnədʒər/

Inflections: Plural onagers, onagri.

Forms: Middle English onagir, Middle English– onager.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French onager; Latin onager.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French onager, onagre wild ass (early 12th cent.), siege engine (late 13th cent.; French onagre ) and its etymon classical Latin onager wild ass, in post-classical Latin also large siege engine (late 4th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek ὄναγρος wild ass, in Byzantine Greek also large siege engine < ὄνος ass (see onocentaur n.) + ἄγριος wild (related to ἀγρός : see acre n.).

1. A wild ass; spec. an Asiatic wild ass of the subspecies Equus hemionus onager, native to northern Iran and now endangered.Sometimes regarded as a separate species, E. onager.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > [noun] > equus hemionus (Asiatic wild ass)

onagera1398

mule1607

dziggetai1793

kulan1793

onagra1860

kiang1869

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 294 Onager is a wilde asse..and suche asses ben grete & wilde in affrica.

a1425 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Laud) (1884) 362 Abyde schal onagirs in thair thirst..onagirs are wilde assis.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 289 The Onager is a Wild Ass, excelling at pleasure the swiftest Courser.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 376 The onager, or wild ass, is seen in still greater abundance than the wild horse.

1869 R. Owen in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 129 554 In the Wild Ass or Onager, the length of the ears and their less acute termination are conspicuous.

1896 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. May 682 Hence the difference..between a coster's donkey and an onager.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xxi. 742 The ancient inscriptions of the Thebes indicate that onagers were tamed for centuries b.c.

1973 Daily Tel. 21 July 5 (caption) Vincent, a 10-day-old baby onager, with its mother, Liza, at London Zoo where it was allowed out for the first time yesterday.

1993 J. Keegan Hist. Warfare iii. 157 The standard of Ur..shows a four-wheeled cart drawn by four onagers as a vehicle for a king.

2. A large siege engine used by the ancient Roman army for propelling rocks at an enemy. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > ballista

ballistaeOE

ginc1325

mangonelc1325

springalc1330

ballistc1384

scorpionc1384

tormentc1384

trebuchet1388

fowler1420

dondainec1430

onagera1460

perrier1481

trabuch?1482

bricole1489

coillard1489

mouton1489

sambuca1489

martinet1523

racket1535

sling1535

brake1552

catapult1577

sweep1598

sling-dart1600

petrary1610

espringal1614

scorpion-bowa1629

swafe1688

sackbut1756

mangona1773

matafunda1773

lombard1838

a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 108 Thonagir [L. Onager]was an huge & myghti bowe, Strynged with nerf, therwith the stonys grete, In maner of a thonderynge were throwe.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxiii. iv. 222 Unto which also the moderne time hath imposed the name of Onager,..in this regard, that wild asses when they are coursed by hunters fling with their heeles stones afarre off behind their backs.

1793 J. Hely tr. R. O'Flaherty Ogygia II. 186 The sling..directed rocks nearly with as much violence as the onager.

1840 L. Ritchie Windsor Castle 214 Of the more powerful military engines then in use, were the scorpion or large stationary crossbow, the onager or wild ass.

1886 M. F. Sheldon tr. G. Flaubert Salammbô xiii. 310 Catapults were as frequently called onagers, because they were like wild asses which threw stones by kicking.

c1949 A. Maurois Hist. France (1961) 20 Caesar's [army], made up of well-trained veterans, was greatly superior in armaments—ballistas, onagers, [etc.].

1979 Sci. Amer. Mar. 128/2 A new, simpler machine, called the onager, with only one spring and one arm, which terminated in a spoon and was used for throwing stones, now came increasingly into prominence.

1989 R. L. O'Connell Of Arms & Men vi. 97 The Byzantines also retained all the major engines of Roman siegecraft—the vinea and testudo, the torsion catapult, onager, and ballista.

2001 Gloucester Citizen (Nexis) 4 Apr. 14 A stray missile from one of their authentic seige engines ‘the onager’..crashed through the roof of a nearby house.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	onager
释义	onagern. Brit. /ˈɒnədʒə/, /ˈɒnəɡə/, U.S. /ˈɑnədʒər/ Inflections: Plural onagers, onagri. Forms: Middle English onagir, Middle English– onager. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French onager; Latin onager. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French onager, onagre wild ass (early 12th cent.), siege engine (late 13th cent.; French onagre ) and its etymon classical Latin onager wild ass, in post-classical Latin also large siege engine (late 4th cent.) < Hellenistic Greek ὄναγρος wild ass, in Byzantine Greek also large siege engine < ὄνος ass (see onocentaur n.) + ἄγριος wild (related to ἀγρός : see acre n.). 1. A wild ass; spec. an Asiatic wild ass of the subspecies Equus hemionus onager, native to northern Iran and now endangered.Sometimes regarded as a separate species, E. onager. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > [noun] > equus hemionus (Asiatic wild ass) onagera1398 mule1607 dziggetai1793 kulan1793 onagra1860 kiang1869 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 294 Onager is a wilde asse..and suche asses ben grete & wilde in affrica. a1425 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Laud) (1884) 362 Abyde schal onagirs in thair thirst..onagirs are wilde assis. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 289 The Onager is a Wild Ass, excelling at pleasure the swiftest Courser. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth II. 376 The onager, or wild ass, is seen in still greater abundance than the wild horse. 1869 R. Owen in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 129 554 In the Wild Ass or Onager, the length of the ears and their less acute termination are conspicuous. 1896 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. May 682 Hence the difference..between a coster's donkey and an onager. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xxi. 742 The ancient inscriptions of the Thebes indicate that onagers were tamed for centuries b.c. 1973 Daily Tel. 21 July 5 (caption) Vincent, a 10-day-old baby onager, with its mother, Liza, at London Zoo where it was allowed out for the first time yesterday. 1993 J. Keegan Hist. Warfare iii. 157 The standard of Ur..shows a four-wheeled cart drawn by four onagers as a vehicle for a king. 2. A large siege engine used by the ancient Roman army for propelling rocks at an enemy. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > [noun] > ballista ballistaeOE ginc1325 mangonelc1325 springalc1330 ballistc1384 scorpionc1384 tormentc1384 trebuchet1388 fowler1420 dondainec1430 onagera1460 perrier1481 trabuch?1482 bricole1489 coillard1489 mouton1489 sambuca1489 martinet1523 racket1535 sling1535 brake1552 catapult1577 sweep1598 sling-dart1600 petrary1610 espringal1614 scorpion-bowa1629 swafe1688 sackbut1756 mangona1773 matafunda1773 lombard1838 a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 108 Thonagir [L. Onager]was an huge & myghti bowe, Strynged with nerf, therwith the stonys grete, In maner of a thonderynge were throwe. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xxiii. iv. 222 Unto which also the moderne time hath imposed the name of Onager,..in this regard, that wild asses when they are coursed by hunters fling with their heeles stones afarre off behind their backs. 1793 J. Hely tr. R. O'Flaherty Ogygia II. 186 The sling..directed rocks nearly with as much violence as the onager. 1840 L. Ritchie Windsor Castle 214 Of the more powerful military engines then in use, were the scorpion or large stationary crossbow, the onager or wild ass. 1886 M. F. Sheldon tr. G. Flaubert Salammbô xiii. 310 Catapults were as frequently called onagers, because they were like wild asses which threw stones by kicking. c1949 A. Maurois Hist. France (1961) 20 Caesar's [army], made up of well-trained veterans, was greatly superior in armaments—ballistas, onagers, [etc.]. 1979 Sci. Amer. Mar. 128/2 A new, simpler machine, called the onager, with only one spring and one arm, which terminated in a spoon and was used for throwing stones, now came increasingly into prominence. 1989 R. L. O'Connell Of Arms & Men vi. 97 The Byzantines also retained all the major engines of Roman siegecraft—the vinea and testudo, the torsion catapult, onager, and ballista. 2001 Gloucester Citizen (Nexis) 4 Apr. 14 A stray missile from one of their authentic seige engines ‘the onager’..crashed through the roof of a nearby house. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1398
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