† orpedadj.

Forms: Old English–1600s orped, Middle English horped, Middle English horpid, Middle English horpyd, Middle English orpede, Middle English orpid, Middle English orpped, Middle English orpud, Middle English orpyd, Middle English ornwode (transmission error); Scottish pre-1700 orpit, pre-1700 orpyt.

Origin: Of unknown origin.

Etymology: Origin unknown.A. Bammesberger ( Beiträge zu einem etymologischen Wörterbuch des Altenglischen (1979) 102) proposes a possible derivation < or- prefix + Old English pād cloak (or from a Germanic compound of cognates of these elements) and a literal meaning ‘without a cloak’, hence ‘ready for battle’, but this is very unconvincing.

Obsolete.

1. Of a person (in Middle English esp. a knight): active, alert, self-assured, bold, vigorous, hardy, valiant.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [adjective]

well-doingeOE

orpedOE

eglechea1250

hendc1275

i-wihtc1275

valiantc1330

sadc1384

wighty14..

bounteousa1440

valorous1477

warlike1488

valorous1490

OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) iii. i. 128 Swa gedafenað esnum þam orpedan, þonne he god weorc ongynð, þæt he þæt geornlice beswynce.

OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) iii. i. 132 La orpeda cleric, gif þu wylle witan þa terminos þe we ymbe spræcon, wite hwylc ger hyt sy þæs monan [circules þe] man hæt lunaris.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 1135 (MED) Orped [v.r. Stronge] þou art and of grete miȝt, Gode kniȝt & ardi in fiȝt.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 2415 An orped kniht in many a stede.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 4594 (MED) No man more orpid nor hardier to firȝt [read fiȝt] Nor desyrous for to han victorie.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 439 (MED) Tho were orped knyghtes, and the beste of all the hoste for to endure and suffre traueile of armes.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1339/2 See you this orped giant here, so huge of limme and bone?

1598 R. Carew Herrings Tayle l. 258 Straight as two launces coucht by Orped Knight in rest.

2. Of an animal: fierce, furious.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > savagery > [adjective]

grimlyc893

retheeOE

grim971

bitterOE

bremec1175

grillc1175

grimfula1240

cruel1297

sturdy1297

fiercea1300

fellc1300

boistousa1387

felonousc1386

savagea1393

bestiala1398

bremelya1400

felona1400

hetera1400

cursedc1400

wicked14..

vengeablec1430

wolvishc1430

unnatural?1473

inhuman1481

brutisha1513

cruent1524

felonish1530

mannish1530

abominate1531

lionish1549

boarish?1550

truculent?c1550

unhumanc1550

lion-like1556

beastly1558

orped1567

raw?1573

tigerish?1573

unmanlike1579

boisterous1581

savaged1583

tiger-like1587

yond1590

truculental1593

savage wild1595

tigerous1597

inhumane1598

Neronian1598

immane1599

Phalarical1602

ungentle1603

feral1604

savagious1605

fierceful1607

Dionysian1608

wolvy1611

Hunnish1625

lionly1631

tigerly1633

savage-hearted1639

brutal1641

feroce1641

ferocious1646

asperous1650

ferousa1652

wolfish1674

tiger1763

savage-fierce1770

Tartar1809

Tartarly1821

Neroic1851

tigery1859

Neronic1864

unmannish1867

inhumanitarian1947

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [adjective] > fiercely or furiously violent

bremec1175

wooda1250

furiousc1374

rabious1460

rageous1486

furibund1490

bremelya1500

orped1567

yond1590

rabid1594

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) viii. f. 102^v Yet should this hand..confound this orped Swine.

1600 H. C. in Englands Helicon sig. Z2 For an orped Swine Smit him in the groyne.

1608 W. Bettie Hist. Titana & Theseus i. 13 Nay men, woomen, and children went daily in danger, of this orped swines dreadfull Tuskes.

Derivatives

† orpedness n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > valour > [noun]

earlshipOE

prowessc1325

pruancec1330

valiantisec1330

wightshipc1330

valure?a1350

wightness1377

orpednessa1398

orpedshipc1400

valiantness1470

valiance1475

fierceness1490

priceheadc1540

valiancy1574

valor1586

valencea1604

valeur1646

valorousness1727

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f.129 Aboute pentecost is tyme of cheualrie & ek of orpidnesse [L. strennuitatis].

† orpedship n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ