| 释义 |
orphreyn. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French orfrais. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French orfrais, orfreis, orfrois (c1160 in Old French as orfrois ; also in Anglo-Norman as orefres , orefreyis , orfreez , orfreies , orfreyis ; also in Middle French as orfraiz , orfrays ), Middle French orfroi , analogical singular (c1200 in Old French; also in Middle French as offrey ; French orfroi ) < post-classical Latin aurifrasium , aurifresum , aurifrisium , aurifrisum , aurifrixium , aurifrixum , etc., also aurifragium , aurifregium , aurifrigium (frequently from 10th cent. in continental sources and from 11th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin aurum gold (see auro- comb. form) + Phrygium , neuter singular of Phrygius Phrygian (see Phrygian n. and adj., and compare note below). Compare post-classical Latin orfrasium, orfresium (from 12th cent. in British sources), Old Occitan orfres (a1212; also c1225 as aurfre, first half of the 13th cent. as aurfres; Occitan aurfrés), Spanish orofrés (1268; 1252 as †orfres, plural).The α. forms in -s were sometimes apprehended as plural in Middle English; the β. forms show an analogical singular (see above for the same phenomenon in Middle French). In forms with medial -ph- probably immediately after classical Latin Phrygium. The French and post-classical Latin forms in -s- probably developed from post-classical Latin aurifrixium or other forms in -x- where the element -frixum or -frixium reflects classical Latin Phryx Phrygian (see Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at phryx). The Phrygians had a considerable reputation as gold embroiderers; compare classical Latin phrygiō a gold embroiderer (Plautus), Phrygiae vestēs Phrygian (gold-embroidered) garments (Virgil Aeneid 3. 483), Phryxiānus, Phrygiōnius, adjectives applied to gold-embroidered textiles (Pliny Nat. Hist. 8. 196–196). It is uncertain whether examples such as the following are to be interpreted as Middle English or Anglo-Norman:1128 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 2 Unam casulam indici coloris cum largis orfrays.1257 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 5 ij tunicis de eodem Panno cum pluribus orfrays et liliis deauratis brudatis.1318 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 374 It., j di. pannus de auro pro orfrays.c1330 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1899) II. 518 In 2 Vestimentis integris cum tunicis et Dalmaticis, 1 capa, 4or peciis Orfrayes, 2 frontell, et 2 zonis emp., 49 s. The following instance of thoffres may represent a form of the present word with attraction of the definite article:1552 in W. Money Parish Church Goods Berks. (1879) 14 A Cope of redd veluet wt flowers of gould and sylke thoffres of nedle wourke. N.E.D. (1903) also gives the pronunciation (ǭ·ɹfrei) /ˈɔːfreɪ/. In Middle English the α form was used as a mass noun, as a singular count noun, and as a plural count noun (the latter is usual in modern English). After the β form had emerged as an analogical singular, it was also sometimes used as a mass noun in Middle English.the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > done with specific thread or yarn the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > embroidered fabric > rich c1330 (c1250) (Auch.) (1966) 5 (MED) Þe arsouns were gold pur and fin, Stones of vertu set þerin, Bigon abouten wiȝ orfreis. 1377 in R. R. Sharpe (1890) II. 206 (MED) [He also leaves two pairs of] Orfreys. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) ii. 117 A hede þat was of smyten..in an orfreis it wond. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer (Hunterian) 562 Of fyn orfrays [Fr. D'orfrois] hadde she eke A chapelet. c1440 (Thornton) (1875) 62 (MED) Hir payetrelle was of jrale fyne; Hir cropoure was of Orphare. 1480 (Caxton) (1964) 34 Ther was therin Many orfrayes, And rybans of silke. 1599 F. Thynne (1875) 35 You..see that ‘orefryes’ was ‘a weued clothe of golde’, and not ‘goldsmythe woorke’. 1602 T. Speght f. IIIv/1 Orfrayes..frisled cloth of gold. 1706 (new ed.) (at cited word) The Coat-Armours of the King's Guards were also termed Orfraies, upon account of their being adorned with Gold-smith's Work. 1851 F. Palgrave I. 158 [Charlemagne] clad in his silken robes, ponderous with broidery, pearls, and orfray. 1890 W. Morris in July 767 The King's pavilion..wrought all over..with orphreys of gold and pearl and gems. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > bordering or edging ?a1425 (c1400) (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 153 Clothes dyapred of red selk all wrought with gold, & the orfrayes [Fr. orfrais] sett full of gret perl and precious stones. 1485 Churchwardens' Accts. St. Mary at Hill, London in J. Nichols (1797) 99 A childe's cope of clothe of golde and the orpharis of blue veluet. 1503 in C. Kerry (1883) 113 The orfrey on the bak a narrow crose with warks. 1548 f. lxxiijv All the Coopes and Vestementes so riche..the Orfrys sette with pearles and precious stones. 1618 ( Inventory in E. Peacock (1866) 182 One vestment of white silke with a read orferay. 1844 F. A. Paley 21 The orphrey or border of the chasuble. 1877 J. D. Chambers 66 The orfrays..are broad and elaborately chased. 1894 3 Mar. 282/1 A splendid cope of green bawdekyn, with orphreys embroidered with six scenes from the life of St. John Baptist, of late fifteenth century Flemish work. 1928 3 399 Both figures have the same cuff ornament with beaded trimming, the same orphrey embroidered with small circles, the same sprinkling of the robe with dots arranged in groups of three and four. 1967 E. Short iv. 114 If the hood is retained, this and the orphrey could be decorated but the body of the cope left plain. 1994 R. Davies 145 Ornaments abounded: chasubles, of course, with splendid orphreys to enrich them. Compounds the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > embroidered fabric > rich 1870 D. Rock (S. Kensington Mus.) Introd. p. xxxii On a piece of German orphrey-web..likely done at Cologne, in the sixteenth century, the gold is put by the gilding process. 1890 J. E. Stocks & W. B. Bragg 53 (note) In the fifteenth century Cologne became famous for the manufacture of orphrey-web. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.c1330 |
