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单词 orator
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oratorn.

Brit. /ˈɒrətə/, U.S. /ˈɔrədər/
Forms: Middle English aratour, Middle English oratur, Middle English orature, Middle English–1600s oratoure, Middle English–1700s oratour, 1500s oratore, 1500s–1600s orrator, 1500s– orator; Scottish pre-1700 horitour, pre-1700 oratore, pre-1700 oratour, pre-1700 oratoure, pre-1700 oratowr, pre-1700 orature, pre-1700 oratwour, pre-1700 oritour, pre-1700 orratour, pre-1700 ortour, pre-1700 1700s– orator.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French oratour, orateur; Latin ōrātōr-, ōrātor.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman oratour petitioner, suppliant, and Middle French orateur, oratour petitioner, suppliant (c1355), eloquent person (14th cent.; French orateur ), and their etymon classical Latin ōrātōr-, ōrātor public speaker, orator, advocate, ambassador, envoy, petitioner < ōrāt- , past participial stem of ōrāre orate v. + -or -or suffix. Compare Italian oratore (a1294), Spanish orador (1220–50), Portuguese orador (13th cent.).With Public Orator (see sense 5) compare post-classical Latin orator publicus (1522, 1636 in British sources).
1. A person who pleads or argues on behalf of a person or cause; an advocate, a spokesperson; spec. a professional advocate. Now rare (historical in later use).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > counsellor, barrister, or advocate
advocatec1384
oratorc1384
prolocutor1493
counsellor1530
barristerc1545
barman1657
bar-gown1664
counsel1709
limb of the bar1815
blue bag1817
actor1875
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxiv. 1 Terculle, sum oratour [L. oratore], or fair speker, or avocat..wenten to the presedent aȝeyns Poul.
?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. iv. pr. iv. 280 Thise oratours [L. oratores] or advocattes..enforcen hem to commoeve the juges to han pite of hem that han suffrid.
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 130 (MED) Þus..will Philipp..take away our wise men & owr oraturs.
1531 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 33 Your seid Orator hath noo especyaltie ne wrytyng prouyng the seid contracte.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. B1v Beautie it selfe doth of it selfe perswade, The eies of men without an Orator.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine App. 202 But oh! remember the Oratour on thy right hand, Christ Jesus our Lord.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 670 As when of old som Orator renound In Athens or free Rome,..to some great cause addrest, Stood in himself collected. View more context for this quotation
a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) VIII. iii. 82 Whosoever strives to beget or foment in his heart, such [malignant] persuasions concerning God, makes himself the devil's orator, and declaims his cause.
1850 G. Grote Hist. Greece VII. ii. lix. 388 The criminative orators were omnipotent.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 901/2 He [sc. Moses Amyraut] was appointed orator to present to the King ‘The Copy of their Complaints and Grievances for the Infractions and Violations of the Edict of Nantes’.
2.
a. A person who offers a prayer or petition; a petitioner or suppliant. (Formerly commonly used in closing a letter or petition to a superior.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > one who requests > [noun] > one who petitions or appeals
beseecher1382
petitioner1414
suitor1414
orator1417
suppliantc1422
supplicant1475
soliciter1536
solicitor1551
oratricle1574
pleader1584
supplicationer1585
beggar1589
incaller?1591
supplicator1593
petitor1596
beadsman1600
impetrator1605
implorer1611
imploratora1616
replicant1622
invokera1649
prostrate1648
deprecator1656
appellant1704
memorialist1706
applicationer1710
postulant1733
invocant1751
solicitant1821
petitionist1822
memorializer1859
1417 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1709) IX. 436 I-writen ad Constance the secunde Day of Februarie. By ȝowr Pouere, Trewe, and continual Oratour Joh. Forsster.
1439 Rolls of Parl. V. 10/2 To the Kyng..shewed your contenuell Oratours.
1497 in G. Neilson & H. Paton Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1918) II. 87 Schawin to us be our devot oratour, Dene Alexander Mentieth.
1532 Submiss. of Clergy to Henry VIII (MS, Public Records Office) We your most humble subjectis dayly oratours and beadismen of your clergye of England [etc.].
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ded. Youre graces humble subiecte and daylye oratour, Myles Couerdale.
1618 W. Lithgow Pilgrimes Farewell sig. B2v Your Lo. most Afold and quotidian Oratour.
a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 391 Devout Oratours and humble Solicitours at the Throne of grace.
1700 P. Lorrain Let. 12 Oct. in S. Pepys Private Corr. (1926) V. 395 Who with profound respect beg leave to subscribe myself..your Honour's most humble and most obedt Servt and daily Orator, Paul Lorrain.
1727 in J. Quincy Hist. Harvard Univ. (1840) I. 565 Your Honors' most humble orators shall ever pray for the prosperity and happiness of this government.
b. Law. The plaintiff or petitioner in a case in a court of chancery. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > party in litigation > [noun] > plaintiff > petitioner
beseecherc1400
petitioner1503
orator1547
1547 W. Hall Suit. aginst H. Owen in Bull. Inst. Hist. Res. (1933) 11 32 The chest of Iron and the money therin conteyned hath ben by your said Oratour sithens the death of the said Testatour dyuerse and many tymes requyred of the said Henry.
1594 W. West Symbolæogr.: 2nd Pt. ii. Chancerie §77 But of his further malyce agaynst your said Orator, he doth threaten your Orator in such sort, that your Orator for want of the said Evidences,..dareth not make his just and lawfull entrie.
1623 Bill of Complaint in Trans. New Shakspere Soc. (1885) 495 Humbly complayning, Sheweth vnto your good Lordshipp, your dayly oratours Ellis Worth, of London, gentleman, John Cumber, of the same, gentleman, and John Blany, of London aforesaid.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. xxvii. 442 The first commencement of a suit in chancery is by preferring a bill to the lord chancellor, in the stile of a petition; ‘humbly complaining sheweth to your lordship your orator A. B. that, &c.’
3.
a. A person who delivers a speech or oration; a public speaker, esp. one distinguished for eloquence and rhetorical skill; a person proficient in public speaking.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > one who makes a speech or speeches
ditera1387
fair speakera1398
speakerc1400
pronouncer?a1425
orator?a1439
oratrice1565
oratress1587
rhetor1588
oratrix?1592
tongue-man1594
tonguesman1596
public speaker1646
holder-forth1661
tub-minister1662
spokesman1663
addresser1665
tub-drubbera1704
speech-maker1710
speecher1762
orationer1765
speechifiera1777
mob-orator1814
perorator1827
elocutionist1847
tub-orator1849
spokester1850
patterer1851
platformer1851
oratist1860
stem-winder1875
addressor1897
pep talker1925
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vi. 3307 (MED) To an oratour longeth..naturel wit, practik with science, Vertuous lyff, [etc.].
a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1926) I. 31 Cecero the gret orature of Rome.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. i. f. 92 Vsinge also thoffice both of an oratoure and preacher.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iii. ii. 212 I come not (Friends) to steale away your hearts, I am no Orator, as Brutus is. View more context for this quotation
1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 1 He..was none of the gracefullest of Orators, for his words came difficultly from him.
1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 105 The vehemence of action, observed in the ancient orators.
1794 C. Pigott Female Jockey Club 82 As an orator his parliamentary speeches prove him an inimitable, practical speechifier.
a1862 H. T. Buckle Misc. Wks. (1872) I. 254 The vulgar are always unwilling to believe that a great orator can be a profound thinker.
1885 Manch. Weekly Times 6 June 5/5 As soon as a long-winded orator gets up the members wisely retire.
1920 H. J. Laski Polit. Thought in Eng. iv. 129 An able speaker, without being a great orator.
1992 Tucson (Arizona) Weekly 21 Dec. 28/2 Lee reverently follows X..showing how education and experience turned him from a criminal and white hater into a powerful orator and black role model.
b. An eloquent writer. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > writer or author > [noun] > eloquent writer
orator1587
expresser?1611
bee1753
1587 MS Robert Leng (Brit. Mus.) Whereas yt hath bene th'order of all antiant orators..to regester..in cronicle all such worthye persons..as..have deserved perpetuall remembraunce.
4. A person sent to plead or speak for another; an ambassador, envoy, or messenger. Also figurative. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another
whistlec1380
dictourc1440
orator1474
prolocutor?a1475
prelocutor1500
vauntparler1534
paranympha1538
mouth1563
speech1578
speaker1583
promotor1603
ambassador1611
suffragant1613
suffragator1618
mouthpiece1776
linguist1819
megaphone1909
porte-parole1911
spokesperson1972
society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > ambassador or envoy
sand1038
sandesman1123
sanderbodec1200
erendes-manc1275
sand-manc1275
legatec1350
embassadora1398
ambassador1417
bassatourc1450
orator1474
messenger1535
vakeel1622
public minister1624
minister1647
envoy1666
wakeel1803
missionary1821
elchee1824
ambassador-at-large1868
1474 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1710) XI. 829 (MED) We, the fornemmit Oratouris and Ambassiatouris of the King of Scotland..Promittis, in good Feith, in the Name of our said Soveraine Lord..that our said Soveraine Lord sauld Kepe and Observe..all the Premissis Wourde for Wourde.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxiv/1 Whan my noble prince the Soudan of babilone had decerned to sende me his oratour to fraunce.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. 37/22 Quhen the Laurentinis complenit..of thir iniuris done to thir oratouris & legatis.
1592 S. Daniel Complaynt of Rosamond in Delia sig. K.v He daily messages doth send, With costly iewels orators of loue.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxviii. xvii. 680 Scipio..sent C. Lælius with rich gifts and presents, as an Orator to treat with him.
1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 174 Audience is given to publick Oratours and Embassadours.
1929 J. L. La Monte & C. H. Taylor Anniv. Ess. Mediaeval Hist. 102 He was chosen to be head of his monastery. Later, Henry VII sent him to Rome as his orator.
1988 Renaissance Stud. 2 222 Two..visitors..to the Curia..were William Scheves, archbishop of St Andrews, and Robert Blacader, bishop of Glasgow. They came..as orators of James III and James IV.
5. More fully Public Orator. An official at a university, esp. Oxford and Cambridge, who speaks for the university on ceremonial occasions, introduces candidates for certain honorary degrees, and performs other written and spoken duties as a formal representative of the university.‘Orators’ were in early times sent by the universities as special envoys, e.g. to Councils of the Church, as that of Basel in 1430. A permanent Public Orator was appointed at Cambridge in 1522, and at Oxford in 1564.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > educational administration > university administration > [noun] > other officials
non-regentc1447
taxer1532
subprincipal1562
scrutator1580
Master of Glomerya1591
orator1592
schoolkeeper?c1601
curator1612
subwarden1622
outrider1664
curator1669
domus1759
taxator1831
fetcher1890
the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > one who makes a speech or speeches > in universities
orator1592
prevaricator1615
varier1615
terrae filius1651
variator1749
1592 Let. 18 Sept. in Coll. Malone Soc. (1911) I. ii. 192 Your daylie Oratores the Vicechauncellor of the Vniu'sitie of Cambridge, and the rest of the Headdes of Colleges theare.
1614 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) I. 305 The University Orator, Nethersole..is taxed for calling the prince Jacobissime Carole.
1645 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 116 William Strode..public orator of the University, died, M., 10 Mar. anno 1644/5.
1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 84 Dr. Henry Paman sometime Orator of the University of Cambridge.
1899 Oxf. Univ. Cal. 1 Public Orator. 1880 William Walter Merry, D.D. Rector of Lincoln.
1900 Cambr. Univ. Cal. 683 Unless the Fellow hold the office of Professor, Public Orator, Registrary, or Librarian in the University.
1992 Nottingham Graduate (BNC) Before each honorary degree is awarded by the Chancellor, the candidate is presented by a senior member of the academic staff known as the Public Orator.

Compounds

orator Mum n. [apparently originally a nickname given to John Philpot Curran (1750–1817), Irish lawyer, politician, and judge, with reference to his first appearance in court, when his nervousness apparently rendered him initially unable to speak; a character of this name appears in J. O'Keeffe's opera The Son-in-Law (1783: see quot. 1783), but it is unclear whether Curran was so-called after the character, or vice versa] now rare (a name given to) a person who cannot or will not speak.
ΚΠ
1783 J. O'Keeffe Son-in-Law i. iv. 25 My dear it proceeds from a confounded blunder of orator Mum's.]
1785 J. Cobb Hurly-Burly 10 The Magician Nordin has..presented it to his son, your rival, Mr. Orator Mum... The tongue of this his fav'rite offspring is spell bound.—No one can free it but Hymen.
1807 Salmagundi 25 Apr. 177 These silent members are..denominated orator mums.
1894 T. D. English Select Poems 446 He twiddled his thumbs, With an eloquence silent as Orator Mum's.
1997 Canad. Business (Nexis) Nov. (Canad. Speeches) v. His [sc. J. P. Curran's] repeated failures at the London debating society procured for him the title of Orator Mum.

Derivatives

orator-like adj. and adv. Obsolete like or in the manner of an orator.
ΚΠ
1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique i. f. 13 It were wel done & Oratourlike.
1579 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 63 The Commendation of an eloquente and oratorlike stile.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (2 Thess. iii. 4) Here the Apostle, Oratour-like, entereth their bosoms.
1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. xii. 161 What is well, and Orator-like written or spoken.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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