单词 | orthophoria |
释义 | orthophorian. Ophthalmology. The state in which the visual axes of the eyes are directed toward the point of binocular fixation in the absence of a fusion stimulus. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > types of vision > [noun] > normal emmetropia1864 emmetropy1880 orthophoria1886 stigmatism1890 1886 G. T. Stevens in N.Y. Med. Jrnl. 4 Dec. 626/2 The different relations of the visual lines..may be defined and arranged as follows..I. Generic Terms.—Orthophoria: A tending of the visual lines in parallelism. 1907 J. H. Parsons Dis. Eye xxviii. 563 In cases of latent squint the position of rest is not orthophoria, with the visual axes parallel, but heterophoria, with some deviation of the axes. 1950 F. H. Alder Physiol. Eye x. 386 It is unfortunate that the implication is frequently made that orthophoria is the normal condition and heterophoria an abnormal one. This is not true. 1989 J. A. B. Collier & J. M. Longmore Oxf. Handbk. Clin. Specialties (ed. 2) vi. 486 Orthophoria is the name given to eyes that have perfect oculomotor balance in the binocular state. 2002 Amer. Jrnl. Ophthalmol. 133 723 About 9 months after suboccipital decompression, diplopia resolved and there was near orthophoria on examination 15 months after surgery. Derivatives orthoˈphoric adj. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > types of vision > [adjective] > normal or correct orthoscopic1853 twenty-twenty1875 orthoptic1886 orthophoric1888 1888 Arch. Ophthalmol. 17 159 In the orthophoric state the eyes are able to unite images when a prism of 2° to 3° is introduced with its base up or down before one of the eyes. 1954 S. Duke-Elder Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 12) xxix. 483 Since the position of rest is usually one of slight divergence, few people are orthophoric and some degree of heterophoria is almost universal. 2000 Jrnl. Neuroophthalmol. 20 119 Three patients were orthophoric and one patient had a consecutive intermittent exotropia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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