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单词 other
释义

otheradj.pron.n.adv.2

Brit. /ˈʌðə/, U.S. /ˈəðər/
Forms:

α. Old English oðar (in a late copy), Old English oþor (rare), Old English oðor (rare), Old English oðyr (rare), Old English–early Middle English oðer, Old English–early Middle English oððer (rare), Old English–Middle English oþar (rare), Old English–Middle English oþþer (rare), Old English (rare)–Middle English oþyr, Old English–1500s oþer, late Old English oðir, late Old English– other, early Middle English eoðre (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English oser (transmission error), early Middle English oðe (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English oþerr ( Ormulum), early Middle English oðra, early Middle English oðwre, Middle English hoþer, Middle English oȝyrt (transmission error), Middle English oiþer, Middle English ooþer, Middle English ooþere, Middle English opere (transmission error), Middle English oþair, Middle English oþe (perhaps transmission error), Middle English oþeir, Middle English oþere, Middle English othe (perhaps transmission error), Middle English otheir, Middle English othere, Middle English othire, Middle English othour, Middle English othr, Middle English othre, Middle English othyr, Middle English oþier (northern), Middle English oþiere (northern), Middle English oþir, Middle English oþire, Middle English oþr, Middle English oþre, Middle English oþþre, Middle English oþur, Middle English oþure, Middle English oyther, Middle English oyyr, Middle English vther, Middle English vthir, Middle English vthire, Middle English–1500s hothyr, Middle English–1500s oother, Middle English–1500s oothir, Middle English–1500s othar, Middle English–1500s othir, Middle English–1500s othur, Middle English–1500s oyer, Middle English–1600s wother, 1500s ether, 1900s– ither (Irish English (northern)); English regional 1800s wither (south-western), 1800s worther (south-western), 1800s wother (south-western), 1800s– ither (northern), 1800s– oather (Essex), 1900s– uther; U.S. regional and nonstandard 1800s oather, 1800s urthes (plural), 1800s– yuther (chiefly in African-American usage), 1900s– ither; Scottish pre-1700 ather (transmission error), pre-1700 athir (transmission error), pre-1700 athire (transmission error), pre-1700 athyre (transmission error), pre-1700 hother, pre-1700 otheir, pre-1700 othere, pre-1700 othir, pre-1700 othire, pre-1700 othyr, pre-1700 othyre, pre-1700 uthair, pre-1700 uthaire, pre-1700 uthar, pre-1700 uthare, pre-1700 utheir, pre-1700 uþer, pre-1700 uther, pre-1700 uthir, pre-1700 uthire, pre-1700 uthour, pre-1700 uthris (plural), pre-1700 uthyr, pre-1700 uthyre, pre-1700 vthair, pre-1700 vthar, pre-1700 vther, pre-1700 vthere, pre-1700 vthir, pre-1700 vthire, pre-1700 vthrys (plural), pre-1700 vthyr, pre-1700 vthyre, pre-1700 vþir, pre-1700 vyer, pre-1700 vyir, pre-1700 vyther, pre-1700 wither, pre-1700 wthair, pre-1700 wtheir, pre-1700 wther, pre-1700 wthere, pre-1700 wthir, pre-1700 wthire, pre-1700 wthr, pre-1700 wthyr, pre-1700 wthyre, pre-1700 wyther, pre-1700 1700s– other, 1700s– ither.

β. Old English (rare)–1500s oder, late Old English–early Middle English odðre (perhaps transmission error), Middle English hoder, Middle English huder, Middle English odere, Middle English oderr ( Ormulum), Middle English odire, Middle English odor, Middle English odre, Middle English odyre, Middle English ordre (transmission error), Middle English ordur (transmission error), Middle English woder, Middle English wodur, Middle English–1500s odir, Middle English–1500s odur, Middle English–1500s odyr, 1500s–1700s udder (northern); English regional 1800s odder, 1800s– idur (northern), 1800s– oder, 1800s– udder (northern), 1800s– udthre (northern); U.S. regional and nonstandard (chiefly in African-American usage) 1800s edder, 1800s oder, 1900s– odder, 1900s– odduh, 1900s– uddah, 1900s– udder, 1900s– yudda; Scottish pre-1700 hoder, pre-1700 oder, pre-1700 odir, pre-1700 odyer, pre-1700 odyr, pre-1700 odyre, pre-1700 oydir, pre-1700 oyer, pre-1700 uder, pre-1700 udir, pre-1700 uyder, pre-1700 vdder, pre-1700 vddir, pre-1700 vder, pre-1700 vdir, pre-1700 wder, pre-1700 wdir, pre-1700 wdyr, 1700s odder, 1800s– idder (northern and north-eastern), 1900s– edder (north-eastern).

γ. Scottish 1900s– urra; Irish English (northern) 1900s– orr.

With coalescence of preceding the

α. Middle English thothere, Middle English þooþer, Middle English þoþre, Middle English–1600s thother, 1500s– th'other.

β. 1500s thoder.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian ōther , ōr , Middle Dutch ander (Dutch ander ), Old Saxon ōðar , ōðer , odar (Middle Low German ander ), Old High German andar , ander (Middle High German ander , German ander ), Old Icelandic annarr , Old Swedish annar (Swedish annan ), Old Danish anner (Danish anden ), Gothic anþar < the same Indo-European base as late Sanskrit antara difference, (rarely) different from, other, Younger Avestan antara the other of two, Lithuanian antras second, other, Latvian otrs second, other < the Indo-European base of Sanskrit anya other, different, Avestan aniia other, different + an Indo-European comparative suffix also represented by Sanskrit -tara , ancient Greek -τερος , classical Latin -ter , English -ther (in nether adv.1, whether pron., adj., conj.1, and n., wither adj., after adv.), and the Early Irish equitive suffix -ithir.The Indo-European suffix seen in this word originally had a spatial sense, expressing the contrast between two or more things with regard to their location. Sense A. 1 is an original Germanic sense of the word, found also in Old Saxon and Old Icelandic. There is no evidence to support the suggestion that in this sense Old English ōðer belongs rather at outher pron., adj., adv., and conj. With quots. 1590, 1596 at sense A. 1a, compare German ander in the secondary sense ‘left’. With other half (see sense A. 2b) compare half adj. 2 and also Old Frisian ōtherhalf , Dutch anderhalf , Middle Low German anderhalf , Old High German anderhalb (Middle High German anderhalp ; compare German anderthalb ). The Middle and early modern English and Older Scots forms oyyr , oyer , vyer , and vyir show y for þ (see Y n.). The γ. forms represent the realization of intervocalic /ð/ as a tapped r in some Scottish and Northern Irish speech (compare J. C. Wells Accents of Eng. (1982) II. 410). For nother , variant of other with metanalysis, see nother adj.2 and pron.2 For (the) tother (representing early Middle English þet oþer , Old English þæt ōþer , neuter of se ōþer the other), see tother pron. and adj. I. (by some writers the tone, the tother, were altered by way of correction to that one, that other).
A. adj. (determiner).
†1.
a. That is one of the two, the one (of two). (In quots. 1590, 1596 (probably): spec. that is the left one of two.) Obsolete (archaic and rare after early Middle English).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > [adjective] > one of two
othereOE
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iv. i. 85 Þær wearð Pirrus wund on oþran earme.
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iii. vii. 62 Him ðær wearþ oþer eage mid anre flan ut ascoten.
OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Corpus Cambr. 196) 26 June 134 An stræl..hyne gewundode on hys oðer gewenge.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 26 Ðe oþre [sc. the second 10 players] cneolinde iriht up stille, buten ed te Aue marie sum semblant wið þe oðer cneo alutel.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iv. 873 (MED) This tiraunt..Gaff hym another sengle maad of wolle, Affermede sothli it was..To other sesoun mor meete and agreable..for somer..for wyntir.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iv. sig. P6 Her other leg was lame.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. xii. sig. Y8 A distaffe in her other hand she had. View more context for this quotation
b. other——, other——: one——, another——. Obsolete.Only in Old English.
ΚΠ
eOE Laws of Ælfred (Corpus Cambr. 173) Introd. xliii. 40 Ne dem ðu oðerne dom þam welegan, oðerne ðam earman; ne oðerne þam liofran & oðerne þam laðran ne dem ðu.
OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Corpus Oxf.) ii. x. 136 Cume þurh oþre duru in, þurh oþre ut gewite.
2.
†a. That follows the first; second (of two or more); next. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > fact of being second > [adjective]
othereOE
afterOE
second1297
tothera1400
secondarya1425
two1586
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) i. xvi. 64 Feower dælas beon scyle, an ærest biscope..oðer dæl Godes þeowum, þridda þearfum.
OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 20 Oðer mægen is Iusticia..þæt ðrydde mægen is Temperantia.
OE Ælfric Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) ii. 13 An ea of ðam hatte Fison... Ðære oðre ea nama is Gion.
OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) c. 146 Genim þysse [ilcan] wyrte croppas, ærest þry, æt oþrum sæle fif.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 963 On þes oðer gear syþþon he wæs gehalgod, þa makode he feola minstra.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 11 (MED) Þe oðer heste wes Ne haue þu þines drihtenes nome in nane aða ne in nane idel speche.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3642 On ðat..twentide dai of ðe oðe[r] [MS oðe] moned.
a1450 Pater Noster Richard Ermyte (Westm. Sch. 3) (1967) 23 (MED) Þat is þat oþer poynt of þe pater noster, and is on englische þus myche to seye: halewed be þi name.
a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 72 (MED) Costome ys þe oþer kynde.
1875 W. Morris tr. Virgil Æneids iii. 74 So passed a day and other day until the gales command The sails aloft.
†b. other half: (followed by a singular noun) one and a half. Scottish in later use. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > division into two > [noun] > division into two equal parts > one and a half
other halfeOE
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxviii. 360 Se ilca Eadric oðer healf gear þæt rice hæfde.
?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 9 Nim ladsar..and galpanj oþþres healfes paniȝe whit.
c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 202 Oþer half hundred of riche kinges.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 939 (MED) Oþer half ȝer we abbeþ now iwend wiþ oute reste.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 16600 (MED) Half feirth of eln was þe length, And oþer half þe brede.
tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 687 A strike or other half a stryke Of barly mele.
a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 25 Take oþer half-pound of Flowre of Rys, iij pound of Almaundys, half an vnce of hony.
1588 Kinnaird Farm Bk. f. 71, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) Off koyis off other half ȝeir aldis.
a1690 D. Monro Descr. W. Isles (1961) 64 Ane Ile, callit Iniskenȝie, other half mile lang, les nor ane mile breid.
c. every (also †each) other ——: every second ——, every alternate ——. Frequently with a noun denoting a period of time, as every other day, etc. †every other while: at alternate periods; every now and then (obsolete).
ΚΠ
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 1166 Euery oþer day I faste.
a1475 Bk. Hawking in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 296 Loke that thy hawke tire every other day while she is fleyng, for nothyng..woll clense a hawkes hedde as tyryng.
1517 R. Torkington Oldest Diarie Englysshe Trav. (1884) 20 Every yer or every other yer ys Chosyn a Duke.
1545 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Luke in Paraphr. New Test. (1548) iv. f. 98 An extreme tyrannous deiuill..dooeth euery other while soodainly take hym.
1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. Diii Spending euery other day in such sporte.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 397 Euery other day clense both the woundes and rowels.
a1688 J. Wallace Descr. Orkney (1693) 94 Umboth, the great Tiend of either half of the Parish: so called because every other year it was changed with the Minister for his half: for the word Umboth signifieth time about.
1713 J. Swift Let. 25 Jan. (1766) I. lxxxiii. 147 We now resolve to..have a committee every other week.
1777 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1990) II. 266 He made his Horse Dance in & out of every other Tree, Hay Fashion.
1811 J. Austen Sense & Sensibility II. i. 11 Though they met at least every other evening..they could not be supposed to meet for the sake of conversation. View more context for this quotation
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast iii. 18 They divide the time between them, being on and off duty,..every other four hours.
1877 M. Oliphant Makers of Florence (ed. 2) Introd. 13 Every other year there was a revolution.
1946 Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 63 189/2 210 mice were sensitized..by 4 consecutive intraperitoneal injections of 1 ml each of undiluted horse serum every other day.
1981 G. Boycott In Fast Lane viii. 42 Reading Joseph was like missing out every other page..one right, miss one; one right, miss one.
3. Of a period of time, as a day, year, etc. Usually with the (also formerly †that, †this).
a. Next, following. Scottish and Irish English (northern) in later use. Now only in other morrow n. Irish English (northern) the day after tomorrow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adjective] > coming next in order
othereOE
followingOE
nextc1300
succeeding1838
eOE Acct. Voy. Ohthere & Wulfstan in tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. i. 14 Þa for he þa giet norþryhte swa feor swa he meahte on þæm oþrum þrim dagum gesiglan.
OE Blickling Homilies 187 Þa oþre dæge heht Neron Petrus & Paulus to þissum wæferseonum gefeccean.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1140 Ðæt oþer dei þa he lai an slep in scip.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 12764 & siþþenn o þatt oþerr daȝȝ Toc iesu crist to flittenn. Inn till þe land off galile.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 3050 He to scipe wende..A [c1300 Otho In] þene oðerne dæi he com to Denemarke.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1755 He..bad him..wel y[e]men..And wel do wayten al þe nith, Til þe oþer day.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. 1832 (MED) Paulus, the worthi kniht Romein..hasteth him al that he may, So that upon that other day, He cam wher he this host beheld.
a1400 (a1325) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Trin. Cambr.) (1887) App. XX. 843 (MED) Þat oþer ȝer of his crouning..In þe midewintere at dunstaple he was.
a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 8200 (MED) Þe bataille lasted day & nyght, Vntil þat oþer day was lyght.
c1450 (a1400) Sir Eglamour (Calig.) (1965) l. 1008 Fyue and þretty knytes he mad Be þat oþur day at none.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 328 So he rode all that other day.
a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) 1190 Till they at myd mete was On the other day at none.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xiii. 14 b The other night following, we came to an anker in another roade.
1838 J. Hogg Tales (1866) 383 A young soldier..come to the Innismore the other year.
1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down 75 Other morrow, the day after to-morrow.
1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 242/1 Other morrow, the day after tomorrow.
b. One or two preceding the present (day, year, etc.), not long past. See also the other day at day n. Phrases 4c.
ΚΠ
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 101 (MED) Þat oþer ȝer a faukun bredde.
c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 22 At þe selue huse hi buþ aliȝt Þat Blauncheflur was þat oþer niȝt.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 112 (MED) The oþer day, I told ȝou a parcell of þe wose in sleuthe.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. iii. 97 The other night I fel a sleepe here, behind the Arras. View more context for this quotation
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. iii. 133 Hee..saide this other day you ought him a thousand pound. View more context for this quotation
a1605 (c1422) T. Hoccleve Complaint (Durh.) l. 309 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 106 This othar day a lamentacion of a wofull man in a boke I sye.
1614 in H. M. Paton Accts. Masters of Wks. (1957) I. 343 The uther oulk at the founding of the dykis to the maissounes.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 38. ⁋9 A short Letter I writ the other Day to a very witty Man.
1792 Gentleman's Mag. 17/2 In company with a few friends, the other night.
1824 T. Medwin Conv. with Byron (1832) I. 201 The Hartz mountain-scene, that Shelley versified the other day.
1854 B. F. Taylor January & June 170 ‘No Room For Two!’ was the exclamation of some insider, the other morning.
1885 Manch. Evening News 6 July 2/2 They played a match the other day against a local club.
1915 W. Cather Song of Lark iv. vi. 318 I went down and had a look at your pool the other afternoon. Neat Place.
1977 Zigzag Aug. 14/1 The other night a mob-handed crew came along.
1995 Daily Tel. 12 May 21/2 The other year, a hungry Australian who had killed and eaten a goose in a London park was imprisoned.
†c. Previous, preceding, former. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1300 St. Brendan (Harl.) (1844) 25 (MED) Ther ich was this other [c1300 Laud ȝeondere] dai.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) 5672 (MED) Wil þu me sla as þu did an, þis oder day.
a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 5835 She seith wel that this other day [Fr. avant ier] He axide hir leve.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 298 (MED) It is the Iew that Iudas sold ffor to be dede this othere day.
1664 S. Pepys Diary 12 Feb. (1971) V. 47 Changed Mr. Falconers state-cup that he did give us the other day [i.e. 11 Feb.] for a fair Tankard.
4. Usually with the, another determiner, or a noun in the genitive.
a. Remaining from a specified or implied group of two or (in later use occasionally) more; opposite; alternative.Also in Old English without determiner.on the other hand: see hand n. Phrases 1i(e).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [adjective] > remaining one of two
othereOE
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [noun] > the rest > of something specified or implied
othereOE
remainsc1485
resta1516
rest?1518
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) 4 (table of contents) Hu Gallie wunnon on Romane, & Pene on oþre healfe.
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iv. vi. 92 Se oðer consul gehierde Diulius.
OE King Ælfred tr. Psalms (Paris) (2001) xlix. 21 Betwuh þe and þinre modor suna oðrum.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 43 He wes an biscop on eoðre liue.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 7015 (MED) He spornde wiþ is o vot..Ac he hente mid is oþer vot.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 10679 (MED) On oþer side, he was dredand To bring a custom neu on hand.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 3309 Þis oþere mon myȝte not blin To biholde þis fair maydin.
a1425 Direct. Laces in B. Rowland Chaucer & Middle Eng. Stud. in Honour R. H. Robbins (1974) 95 When þu schalt take þy bowe reuercyd, þu schalt take wyþ þyn one hand þe bowe of þe oþer hond fro wtowten.
1462 in J. W. Legg Clerk's Bk. (1903) 63 (MED) He schall..haue alfe the profett off the belles and the todur dekyn the wodur alffe.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 10 (MED) The feende led a-way this othir suster.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. viii. sig. b3 He wolde haue put his other hande in to the fire, if he had nat ben withdrawen by Porcena.
1556 in F. Collins Wills & Admin. Knaresborough Court Rolls (1902) I. 73 To my children thother half.
1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 44 The Turtill, on the vther side, no plesour had to play.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xvi. 79 But O poore Gloster lost he his other eye. View more context for this quotation
1615 W. Mure Misc. Poems xiv. 2 His corps doth heir duell, Bot qr be his oyer halfe no man can tell.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 139 If Earth industrious of her self fetch Day Travelling East, and with her part averse From the Suns beam meet Night, her other part Still luminous by his ray. View more context for this quotation
1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 48 I was on the other Side the Elbe.
1765 J. Otis Vindic. Brit. Colonies 20 To atone for this indelicacy, the next moment the pendulum vibrates as far the other way.
1790 T. Jefferson Public Papers 396 The difference between the second rod for 45° of latitude, and that for 31°, our other extreme is to be examined.
1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park III. xvi. 299 By her other aunt, Susan was received with quiet kindness. View more context for this quotation
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 204 The other member for the county of Dublin was Colonel Patrick Sarsfield.
1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. iv. 48 As was usual, after reckoning too surely on famine weather, the local farmers had flown to the other extreme, and..were selling off too recklessly.
1911 D. H. Lawrence White Peacock ii. iv. 278 The boy tried to creep over the edge of the roof and escape down the other side.
a1940 F. S. Fitzgerald Last Tycoon (1941) i. 14 The first song he had chosen, Lost, thundered through the room, followed after a slight interval, by his other choice, Gone, which was equally dogmatic and final.
1990 Plants & Gardens Autumn 30/1 To the other extremity is a semi-herbaceous plant from Japan, introduced by..a leading hybridizer of clematis.
b. With a plural noun: designating the remainder of a number of like people, objects, etc.; the rest of the ——.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [adjective] > the rest
othereOE
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) 5 (table of contents) Hu Craccus se consul wonn wið þa oðre consulas.
OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) i. ii. 38 Þis ylce understand be þam oðrum dagum.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1117 Eall þis gear wunode se cyng Henri on Normandig, for þes cynges unsehte of France & his oðra nehhebura.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1132 Te oþre ricemen þe þer wæron.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 29 Þa wohdemeres and þa iuguleres and þa oðer sottes, alle heo habbeð and þonc fulneh.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 4076 Ðe mestres of ðise hore-men..bidde ic hangen ðat he ben... Ðise oder folc sal meðe sen.
c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 2 Þis book among þise oþere bokes of þew newe lawȝe is cleped prophesie.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) John xxi. 8 Symount Petre..girte hym with a coote..and wente in to the see. But the othere disciplis camen bi boot.
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) ii. 1481 I have ben right now at Deiphebus, At Ector, and myn oother lordes moo.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Gal. ii. 13 And the wother Iewes dissembled lyke wyse.
1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. D When his glutton eye so full hath fed, His other agents ayme at like delight. View more context for this quotation
1623 J. Webster Dutchesse of Malfy iii. ii. sig. G Why should onely I, Of all the other Princes of the World Be cas'd-vp, like a holy Relique? I have youth, And a litle beautie.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 194 Satan..With Head up-lift above the wave,..his other Parts besides Prone on the Flood. View more context for this quotation
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. vi. 41 Though this young Gentleman..greatly liked her Beauty, and esteemed all her other Qualifications, she had made, however, no deep Impression on his Heart. View more context for this quotation
1792 J. Almon Anecd. Life W. Pitt (octavo ed.) I. xx. 332 Amongst Pitt's other retrenchments were his coach horses.
1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. vii. 109 The old Jew was forcibly dragged off in a different direction from the other prisoners.
1861 C. J. Ellicott Life Our Lord (1865) viii. 375 The other two have taught us by their very silence, in the first place, to view that last event of the Gospel-history in its true light.
1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. xiv. 187 In the blue of the morning that fragile soldier and servant breathed his last, and when the other children awoke they cried bitterly, and begged Sissy to have another pretty baby.
1920 E. R. Wilson in P. F. Warner Cricket (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) (new ed.) ii. 84 The two other spins which can be put on the ball are what have been called the drag (or back spin) and top spin.
1946 Mind 55 339 I do not think that either Prof. Moore or most of the other adherents of Contemporary British Analytic Philosophy are ready to draw the consequences from this fact.
1989 Theatre Res. Internat. 14 102 The other five papers are concerned with historical issues.
5. Separate or distinct from that or those already specified or implied; different; (hence) further, additional.
†a. With a singular count noun and no determiner: another. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective] > different, other, or further
some otherc950
otherOE
anotherc1175
secondc1480
OE Blickling Homilies 219 Eft gelamp oþer wundor þissum onlic.
OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) Pref. ii. 4 Oððe on þysse bec oððe on oðre.
OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) Pref. ii. 6 Gif he hwæt ymbe ðis on oðre wisan gemete.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 963 Man cæs þa sona oðer abbot of þe sylfe mynstre.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 22 Sum hundredes aldor com to þam Hælende hwilon on oðre stowe.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 89 Alse he doð on oðre stede on his speche.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 3 (MED) Mid his apostles and ec mid oðere floc manna.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 9 Hu scolde oðermonnes goddede comen him to gode?
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 13 Ne wilne þu oðres monnes yif [read wif] ne nanes þurȝes [read þinges] þe oðre mon aȝe.
a1325 Holy Cross (Corpus Cambr.) 122 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 393 And oþer melodie also.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1001 (MED) Oþer lud, whil i liue, schal i loue neuer.
?c1425 Recipe in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Arun. 334) (1790) 472 (MED) Take honey clarified and vernage or other wyne.
?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 168 (MED) But othere offerynge ȝett must ȝe make.
b. With singular count noun and determiner, as an, any, none, some, that, this, or accompanied by a negative expressed or implied.For the development of another and nother as words in themselves, see another adj., nother adj.2 and pron.2
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective] > also different
otherOE
outhera1387
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xxvi. 388 Helias..oððe sum oþer witega.
OE Blickling Homilies 113 Sum..þæt hine swyþor lufode þonne ænig oþor man.
OE Ælfric Homily (Cambr. Ii.4.6) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1967) I. 361 Be þam ic sæde hwilon, on sumum oþrum spelle.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Siððon com an oþre ærcebiscop to Cantwarbyrig, seo wæs gehaten Theodorus.
lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) v. 11 Nan oðer man.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7476 Teȝȝ..farenn ham..All wiþþ summ oþerr weȝȝe.
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 47 (MED) And ec sum oðer saule hit wile helpen.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 583 An oþer þing of þe ich mene.
c1300 St. Edmund King (Laud) 7 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 297 (MED) Twey princes of an oþur lond..Nomen heore red to-gadere faste to bringue enguelond to nouȝte.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 237 (MED) Þe hand þet is uoul..ne may oþremanne uelþe do away.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 10663 O þair husband mai i haf nan.
a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 6033 Ladyes..Ne sekith never othir vicaire.
c1450 King Ponthus (Digby) in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1897) 12 11 (MED) As to vs Bretaynes, we haue more harme than any othir nacion.
c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 618 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 314 Athyre enchesone fand I nocht.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) 2nd Prol. 8 The commen maner of spekyng in Englysshe of some contre can skante be vnderstonded in some other contre of the same londe.
1562 P. Whitehorne tr. N. Machiavelli Arte of Warre iii. f. xlviii Other thing there is not that can withholde it.
1611 Bible (King James) 1 Cor. xv. 37 It may chance of wheat, or of some other graine. View more context for this quotation
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iv. 88 As if they had no other place in the World to live in.
1733 A. Pope Ess. Man i. 64 One single [movement] can its End produce, Yet serves to second too some other Use.
1754 E. Burt Lett. N. Scotl. II. xxiii. 233 They are hounded (as they phrase it) into the Bounds of an other Chief.
1789 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. ii. p. xix The will..which is meant on this occasion, is that which may be called the presumptive will:..that which is presumed to be his will on account of the conformity of its dictates to those of some other principle.
1795 Gentleman's Mag. 65 545/1 To prefer to every other spot the places of our birth and education.
1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 66 Such history,..more than any other branch of literature, varies with the age that produces it.
1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. xii. 668 A boldness unknown in any other part of Europe.
1892 A. Conan Doyle Adventures Sherlock Holmes vii. 170 On this page are the country folk... You see this other page in red ink? Well, that is a list of my town suppliers.
1899 J. L. Williams Stolen Story 230 Like many an other lonely hall-bed roomer.
?1917 E. Bergholt Royal Auction Bridge 90 In some circles, the practice of raising partner's suit-bid, when no other bid has intervened, is considerably overdone.
1959 E. H. Clements High Tension viii. 134 ‘Don't worry. I shan't be there.’.. ‘Some other time!’ suggested Fiona eagerly.
a1983 ‘R. West’ This Real Night (1984) ii. vi. 182 He was exactly like any other elder gentleman one did not remember very well.
c. With a plural count noun or a mass noun.
ΚΠ
OE Blickling Homilies 145 Petrus and..oþre Cristes þegnas.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xii. 45 Ðonne gæþ he & him togenymþ seofun oþre gastas.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 777 At þis gewitnesse wæs..Ceolwulf biscop..& Beonna abbot, & feola oþre biscopes & abbotes, & feola oðre rice men.
lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) vi. 14 Be þære sunnan & eac be oðrum tunglum.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 125 He tahte heom þis swulche to-foran oðran þingan.
a1300 ( Declaration of Indulgences, Crediton, Devon in Britannica: M. Förster zum Sechzigsten Geburtstage (1929) 115 Of hoþer archebischopes and bissopes on þisser side þas mountes on walelondes.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 7 Among oþere..faire florischers and hiȝteres of wordes.
c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 461 Housbondes at chirche dore she hadde fyue With outen oother compaignye in youthe.
c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. Prol. 101 Masonis, mynours, & manye oþere craftis.
1457 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 365 For mendyng of a bowt and oder labors.
1483 Vulgaria abs Terencio (T. Rood & T. Hunte) sig. qiiijv I left all odyr thynges or put a bakk.
1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aiiii With ane girdill..and vthir light gere.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xvjv Gonnes, Bowes, Arrowes, and all other artilery.
1570 in J. D. Marwick Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1870) I. 22 Fals hardheidis, fals plakis and vther fals cunȝe.
1613 in Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. (1967) 10 222 To James Layng Smythe, for boutis, Carvall naillis, ringis and uther iron work.
1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 13 Oct. (1855) 63 Naither by thair example nor by thair dilligence in uther things.
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xi. 71 We may the better examine and learn how the Mind abstracts,..compares, and exercises its other Operations.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 49. ⁋6 When they are in other Company they speak and act after him.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. ii. 65 To London Court, or ither far aff Parts.
1786 T. Jefferson Let. 27 Aug. in Papers (1954) X. 306 It is to be acquired from books, and if you pursue it by yourself, you can accomodate [sic] it to your other reading so as to fill up those chasms of time not otherwise appropriated.
1832 Ld. Tennyson Lady of Shalott ii, in Poems (new ed.) 11 No other care hath she.
1850 W. E. Gladstone in Q. Rev. Mar. 301 We have other evidence..how deeply he had drunk..at classic fountains.
1886 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 32 28 The same observations are true of all other contracts similarly circumstanced.
1902 J. Conrad Heart of Darkness i, in Youth 5 From the Golden Hind returning with..treasure..to the Erebus and Terror, bound on other conquests.
1937 ‘M. J. Farrell’ Rising Tide xvi. 118 To her, more than to most old women, her age was simply an illusion of other people's.
1992 N.Y. Times 19 July v. 30/4 Traditional Windsor chairs, highboys, side tables and reproductions of other 18th-century furniture.
d. Followed by a determiner or other quantifying or demonstrative word or phrase, but without similar preceding word or phrase, as †other all, †other many, †other more (also mo), etc. Now only in other such or with qualifying number, as other six, etc. (now Scottish).Examples with a possessive qualifying phrase are sometimes ambiguous: in quot. a1648, ‘other the king's enemies’ may be taken to mean either ‘others, who are the king's enemies’, or ‘other enemies of the king’.
ΚΠ
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iv. x. 103 Eft wearþ oþer swelc ren.
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) i. xii. 54 He sende Augustinum & oðre monige munecas.
OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) 35 Singan oþre syx sealmas.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2413 (MED) Hwan his folk þat sau..Hwou robert with here louerd ferde, He haueden him wel ner browt of liue, Ne weren his two breþren and oþre fiue.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 408 (MED) Bi þe be warned oþer mo.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 1149 (MED) Þou art me leuest of oþer alle.
c1395 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale 975 Al a toun, Thogh it as greet were as was Nynyuee, Rome, Alisaundre, Troye, and othere three.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 440 (MED) He..sette him heist in his hall, Als prince and sire ouer oþer all.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 45 (MED) Þe sensitiues and oþere manye principales be borne & doubelde fro þe dindimacioun off him.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 444 Therfor anenst hir estatis, I woll in no manere Deme ne determyn, but of lewd kittis, As tapsters, & oþer such.
1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) 121 The kynge of Fryse, & other his prysoners.
1512 Act 4 Hen. VIII c. 20 Preamble Archbold with other xl out~lawes.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xv. f. xxij Havinge with them, halt, blinde, dome..maymed, and other many.
1542 Act 33 Hen. VIII c. 27 Amonges other their peculier actes.
a1555 J. Philpot tr. C. S. Curione Def. Authority Christ's Church in R. Eden Exam. & Writings J. Philpot (1842) (modernized text) 416 Luther and other more of us.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 42v A great deale of the Ciuill lawe, and other many notable bookes.
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 246 In their roomes [he] placed other his owne creatures.
1611 Bible (King James) Gen. viii. 10 He stayed yet other seven days. View more context for this quotation
a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 469 To joyn with Cardinall Poole and other the Kings Enemies.
1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 564 A retreat for St Bridget and other nine virgins.
1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. i. 18 With other the great men of Scotland.
1871 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera I. x. 13 There are, indeed, other such in the world.
1907 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. II. 532 He..strolled towards his ‘friends’, asking them to meet him with other six.
1945 H. L. Mencken Diary 15 Aug. (1989) 379 A few dozen of the neighborhood oakies, lintheads and other such vermin were gathered there in ragged groups.
1990 Daily Tel. 28 Apr. (Colour Suppl.) 66/2 The sixth form lectures he instituted in the Sixties, given by poets, explorers, politicians and other such luminaries as he could rustle up.
e. other than: besides, except, apart from. Cf. sense A. 6.For collocation of other with than in other parts of speech, see senses B. 7, C.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclusiveness [preposition] > except or excepting
savec1330
out-takenc1384
saving1386
other thana1425
savea1500
reserving1541
salvo1601
to set aside1610
abstracting from1614
save fora1616
sans1659
exclude1720
aside from1818
saufc1844
out-taking1848
secludinga1851
a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 298 (MED) Dilavynesse of tunge in spekinge wordis oþer þan Goddis is passynge fro good religioun.
1425 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1834) III. 171 Commissaries of oure said souverein lorde þe Kyng as wel as of youres, oþer þen marchiers, shuld assemble at certain dayes and places.
1487 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 653 He aunswered me that he wold nott geue yowe non cowmfortt in it for wynnyng of your money other than ye schuld fyend trew.
1532–3 Act 24 Hen. VIII xiii Any maner of furres, other then black cony, budge, grey cony, shankes, calaber, gray, fiche.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xix. 33 Is it possible that such maner of men should be of any vertue other then their profession requireth?
1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 90 The Hungarish horse..are defectiue for seruice, other then for trauaile.
1679 S. Pepys Let. to Duke of York 6 May Without any alteration..other than what is consequential to [etc.].
1746–7 Act 20 Geo. II c. 43 §2 All heretable constabularies, other than the office of high constable of Scotland.
1794 W. Paley Evidences (1825) II. 143 It does not appear that any books, other than our present Scriptures were thus publicly read.
1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices II. 273 Gratuities other than money are inconsiderable.
1896 Law Times 100 410/1 The acts or defaults of any person other than himself and those claiming under him.
1920 S. Webb & B. Webb Hist. Trade Unionism (ed. 5) 672 The vast majority of Trade Unionists object to Direct Action..for objects other than those connected with the economic function of the Direct Actionists.
1991 A. Brookner Closed Eye vii. 66 She felt suddenly unequal to looking after anybody other than herself.
1991 Chess Post Apr. 16/2 Many games other than chess are played by post.
6. Different in kind, nature, or quality. In predicative use now frequently implying the absence of any common characteristics.In Old English usually with correlative other; in later use frequently with than or from (now rare); in older Scottish use with †but.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective]
othereOE
otherkinseOE
unilicheOE
elseOE
otherways?c1225
diversc1250
diverse1297
unlikea1300
likelessa1325
sundrya1325
contrariousc1340
nothera1375
strangec1380
anothera1382
otherwisea1393
diversed1393
differenta1400
differing?c1400
deparayll1413
disparable1413
disparail1413
dissemblable1413
party?a1439
unlikeningc1450
indifferent1513
distinct1523
repugnant1528
far1531
heterogene?1541
discrepant1556
mislike1570
contrary1576
distincted1577
another-gainesa1586
dispar1587
another gate1594
dislike1596
unresembling1598
heterogeneana1601
anothergates1604
heterogeneal1605
unmatched1606
disparate1608
disparent?1611
differential1618
dissimilar1621
disparated1624
dissimilary1624
heterogeneous1624
unparallel1624
otherguess1632
anotherguise1635
incongenerous1646
anotherguess1650
otherguise1653
distant1654
unresemblant1655
distantial1656
allogeneous1666
distinguished1736
otherguised1768
unsimilar1768
insimilar1801
anotherkins1855
diff1861
distinctive1867
othergate1903
unalike1934
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) ii. 29 Ðonne hie on oðre wisan libbað on oðre hi lærað.
OE Seven Sleepers (Julius) (1994) 48 Þa byrig he geseah eall on oþre wisan gewend on oþre heo ær wæs, and þa gebotla geond þa byrig eall getimbrode on oþre wisan on oþre hi ær wæron.
a1300 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Jesus Oxf.) (1935) 544 ‘Nay, nay,’ seyde þe Nihtegale, ‘Þu schalt ihere on oþer tale.’
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) 1 Kings x. 6 Þe spirit of þe lord schal lepyn in to þe..& þou schalt ben chaungid in to an ooþer man.
?1410 T. Hoccleve Ballad to Somer l. 7 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 64 It is no wit to your conceit, as now, Vse the rule foorth as we been Inne; But al an othir rule to begynne.
a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 3954 (MED) Eumaneus was Morganes broþer, Bot his maners were alle oþer.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 392 Bot quha in battaill mycht him se, All othir contenance had he.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. iv. sig. Zv The deuill is called a lyer & the father of leasinges. Wherfore all thinge, which in visage or apparaunce pretendeth to be any other than verely it is, may be named a leasinge, the execution wherof is fraude.
1571 G. Buchanan Admonitioun Trew Lordis sig. A.6 Thay desyre na vther thing bot the deith of ye King and Quene.
1579 J. Field tr. J. Calvin Serm. Ded. What should good men looke for other of these blind Balamites, but such condemnation?
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) v. iv. 191 I am for other, then for dancing meazures. View more context for this quotation
1630 R. Norton tr. W. Camden Hist. Princesse Elizabeth i. 127 In case any thing other then well should befall the Infant King.
1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xxxiii. 4) 266 Latomus of Lovain wrote, that there was no other a faith in Abraham, then in Cicero.
1673 P. Henry Diaries & Lett. (1882) 261 A person quite of other principles from her former husband.
1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 12 I thought it was fine to be a Gentlewoman indeed, for I had quite other Notions of a Gentlewoman now.
1779 E. Burke Let. to R. Shackleton in Corr. (1844) II. 275 I do not know how I could wish him to be,..other than what he is.
1803 S. T. Coleridge Let. 4 June (1956) II. 948 It could not be other than pleasant to me.
1808 W. Scott Marmion ii. vi. 83 Far other scene her thoughts recal.
1844 R. W. Emerson Ess. 2nd Ser. iii. 112 We know who is benevolent, by quite other means than the amount of subscription to soup-societies.
1877 M. Arnold Last Ess. on Church & Relig. 171 Quite other matters from the fundamental matter of the primitive gospel.
1879 F. Harrison Choice Bks. (1886) 51 This Italian poetry is in a world far other from ours of to-day.
1901 R. Kipling Kim xiv. 375 Since when have men and women been other than men and women?
1930 W. H. Auden Poems 61 This like a dream keeps other time.
1942 Mind 51 235 A microcosmic being exists microcosmically under divine reference in constitutive communitas with a complement that is not absolutely other.
1979 D. Adams Hitch Hiker's Guide to Galaxy xxix. 140 We get in his tri-jet which he had souped up into something totally other.
1992 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 13 Feb. 3/3 Black boxers form the time of Jack Johnson..have been acutely conscious of themselves as racially other from the majority of their audiences.
†7. Used pleonastically to designate an additional person or thing explicitly characterized or identified as of a different kind from that previously mentioned. Obsolete.In current use the insertion of other implies that the second class includes the first.
ΚΠ
c1175 ( Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 141 Ne sceole we us biddæn naþor ne to englum ne to oþre haliȝe monnum.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 4607 (MED) Ladis & oþer lordes, lesteneþ now my sawe.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. 57 (MED) Was many man assembled As of kniȝtes and of clerkis and other [v.r. othe] comune poeple.
?c1430 J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 201 (MED) Ihu crist is more worþi þan oþere synful men.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 199 Both preestis and othere lay men.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) x. 33 Charyottes, horses, camels, beuffes, kyen, & other smale beestys.
1530 J. Rastell New Bk. Purgatory ii. v. sig. c2v The lyfe of man is more laborous..than ye lyfe of any other brute beste.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvii. xxiii. 957 There were 32 quadrireme Gallies and 4 other triremes besides.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. iii. 91 All these [vices] are portable, With other Graces weigh'd. View more context for this quotation
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 506 It was immortal Vellum..that could last..in spite of all damp and moisture, that moulders other mortal skins.
B. pron. and n.
I. As pronoun.
†1.
a. One of the two specified or implied. Frequently with a genitive plural (chiefly in Old English). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) vi. xxx. 148 Þa gesette Galerius ii cyningas under him: oþer wæs haten Seuerus.
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) vi. iii. 136 Þa funde mon..twa cista, þa wæron attres fulle, & on oþerre wæs an gewrit.
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iv. x. 104 Þara consula oþres sunu, Scipia wæs haten.
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iii. xi. 78 Þær wearð Leostenas, oðer heora ladteowa, mid anre flan ofscoten.
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) v. xiv. 438 Þa teah heora oðer forð fægre boc.
OE Blickling Homilies 169 Se þe hæbbe twa tunecan, selle oðre ðam ðe nane næbbe.
OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 146 Gif ænig man wolde heora oðrum fylstan, þæt man hine sona gefenge.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 95 (MED) Two þeroffe ben swiche þat no man ne mai underfo him seluen to hele bute he haue here oðer on him.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 1477 For oþer hit is of twam þinge, Ne mai þat þridde noman bringe.
?a1300 Fox & Wolf 74 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 28 (MED) Tuo boketes þer he founde, Þat oþer wende to þe grounde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 21949 Ooþer [a1400 Trin. Cambr. oon] o þam we most forga.
a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 364 (MED) Men shulden stonde in þe mesure þat Crist haþ ȝovun of þes two, boþe of sectis and of lawis..marke þis as greet synne whanne men passen in oþer of þes.
a1500 Sir Degrevant (Cambr.) (1949) 1227 (MED) Loke at þou come at þat tyme; Oþer [c1440 Thornton ane of vs] swowne shal i[n] sweme.
b. Used anticipatively in Old English to introduce the two members of an alternative; thus, ōðer (þāra or twēgra), oððe..oððe.., i.e. the one, (of these, or of the two) either..or... (Cf. outher pron. 1b for similar use of Old English āwðer, āðer.) Obsolete.
ΚΠ
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. x. 29 Him sædon þæt hie oðer dyden, oðþe ham comen oððe hie him woldon oðerra wera ceosan.
OE tr. Theodulf of Orleans Capitula (Corpus Cambr.) xiv. 321 Wite he þæt oðer þara: oððe he sceal þæs hades þolian, oððe hit swiðe stiðlice gebetan.
lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) xi. 23 Forþam oþer twega oððe hie næfre..becumaþ, oððe hi..næfre..ðurhwuniað.
c. other..other: the one..the other. Also occasionally the other..the other. Obsolete (rare after Old English).
ΚΠ
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xvii. 107 Ðæt..se oðer beo aræred from ðæm oðrum.
OE Blickling Homilies 171 Oþer..is se æresta apostol, oþer se nehsta.
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xl. 2 Ðara oþer bewiste hys byrlas, oþer hys bæcestran.
OE Ælfric Homily (Cambr. Ii.4.6) in J. C. Pope Homilies of Ælfric (1967) I. 323 Nu nis se Fæder heora begra fæder, for ðan þe heora oðer is suna, and se oðer nis na suna.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1106 On þa niht..wæron gesewen twegen monan on þære heofonan toforan þam dæge oðer be eastan, & se oðer be westan.
?a1200 ( tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Harl. 6258B) cxxxii. 131 Þeos wyrt..ys tweȝra cunna: oþer byð cenned on wurtunum, oþer on fealde.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 4193 Þa weoren þar tweien scalkes..þe oðer wes mire suster sune..þe oþer Herigal.
2.
a. With the (also formerly †that). The remaining one of two (in later use, also of three or more). †one of the other: of one another (obsolete).In this sense esp. contrasted with (the) one: see one pron. 10a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [noun] > the remaining one of two
othereOE
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. i. 8 Sume men sæden þæt þær nære buton twegen dælas: Asia & þæt oþer Europe.
OE Old Eng. Hexateuch: Gen. (Claud.) xxix. 27 Hafa ðe þas ane wucan to gemæccan, & ic gyfe ðe þa oðre.
OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) Pref. i. 2 Gif se oðer nolde, hu wurð he elles gelæred?
c1175 ( Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 170 Swylc bið þe mon ærest on domes dæȝe swa mucele wundorlycor and brihtræ þenne he þer scinæð for þene oðerne.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 206 Þe an neil driueð ut þen oþer.
c1300 St. Edmund Rich (Laud) 493 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 445 Þis guode wif hath i-lore hire louerd..And to leose þare-aftur ire beste best... In þat on were lure i-nouȝ, þei heo ne lore þat oþur al-so.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 7017 (MED) Þe on broþer..in nede helpeþ þere þat oþer.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 1578 Þe broþer toke þe oþeres wif.
?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. v. pr. i. 100 Neither the hidere of the gold ne the delvere of the feeld ne undirstoden nat that the gold sholde han ben founde, but..he dalf there as that oothir had hid the gold.
a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 814 in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 326 Þe vssher ledes þat on hed [of the towel] ryȝt, Þo aumener þo oþer away shalle dyȝt.
a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 892 (MED) The trew be folyshe, the witty be fals; That one hurt me sore & that other als.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xv When bothe the armyes were approchyng to the other.
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius iii. f. 508v There be two maner of deathes, thone of the body, thother of the soule.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. x. 86 Wrestlers..annointed with oyle..to the intent to give or to take the lesse hold the one of the other.
1642 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (new ed.) 18 With the one I recreate, with the other I confound my understanding: who can speake of eternity without a solæcisme, or thinke thereof without an ecstasie?
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 126 One Monarch wears an honest open Face,..That other looks like Nature in disgrace. View more context for this quotation
1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature II. i. 47 There is only one objection to this system with regard to our body; which is, that tho' nothing be more agreeable than health, and more painful than sickness, yet commonly men are neither proud of the one, nor mortify'd with the other.
1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 77 The constitution of the one in her extreme heat, and that of the other in the extreme cold.
1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms ii. 506 The inward flow Of faith..Each from the other hears.
1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. ix. 208 Two answers which were altogether distinct and contradictory one of the other.
1874 T. Hardy Far from Madding Crowd I. v. 57 Only one responded—old George; the other could not be found.
1935 G. Greene Eng. made Me ii. 84 They said that was the curse of being twins, but I think we were happy knowing what the other thought, feeling what the other felt.
1964 C. Isherwood Single Man 141 Neither one of us would want to keep on the animals if the other wasn't there.
1982 J. Simms Unsolicited Gift i. 30 Perhaps for a whole minute we waited in silence for the other to speak.
b. Used without a determiner after each (formerly also †either, †neither, †outher, †whether, and (occasionally) †one or †none). Now chiefly poetic except in each other (see each pron. 3).Also formerly †each others (Scottish).
ΚΠ
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iii. i. 54 Þæt naðer ne mehte on oþrum sige geræcan.
eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) ii. iii. 40 Heora þær ægðer oðerne ofslog.
OE Acct. Voy. Ohthere & Wulfstan in tr. Orosius Hist. (Tiber.) (1980) i. i. 17 Ðonne cymeð se man..to þæm ærestan dæle & to þæm mæstan, & swa ælc æfter oðrum.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1101 Loc hweðer þæra gebroðra oðerne oferbide.
c1175 ( Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Bodl. 343) (1894) 16 Comen him toȝeanes tweȝen siȝelharwon Sonæ..heoræ nan oðer icnawæn ne cuðe.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6261 Þa wurrþ he þær þin broþerr..Ȝiff eȝȝþerr lufeþþ oþerr.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 948 Heora eiþer wilnada oðer to wælden.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2970–71 (MED) He louede hire, and she him so, Þat neyþer oþe [read oþer] mithe be For oþer.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 3332 And hor eiþer in oþer armes mid grete ioye hom nom.
c1330 Otuel (Auch.) (1882) 456 Eiþer huȝ on oþer faste.
c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 274 To me that am thy cosyn and thy brother Ysworn ful depe, and ech of vs til oother.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Exod. xxviii. 28 The racional and cloth on the schuldre moun not be departid ech fro other.
c1450 (?c1400) Three Kings Cologne (Cambr. Ee.4.32) (1886) 56 (MED) Noon of hem neuer tofore had seye oþer, ne noon of hem knewe oþirs persone.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7107 Þai myght unnethis an othir se.
c1480 (a1400) St. Machor 1079 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 31 Þane can athir wthire kis.
a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) 2013 (MED) Outher of vs haue other slayne.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. lxi. 83 They wer so nere togyder, that ech of them vnderstode others langage.
1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour 4023 in Wks. (1931) I. 318 Atheris deand in vtheris armis.
1632 Guillim's Display of Heraldrie (ed. 2) i. i. 5 Names were instituted for differencing of each person from other seuerally.
a1649 W. Drummond Hist. James V in Wks. (1711) 97 They mutually entertained and feasted each others at Christmas.
1657 A. Sparrow Rationale Bk. Common Prayer (new ed.) 68 Priest and people interchangeably pray each for other.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. i. 7 The Screw-plate is a plate of Steel..with several holes in it, each less than other.
1786 R. Burns Cotter's Sat. Night v, in Poems & Songs (1968) I. 147 Brothers and sisters meet, And each for other's weelfare kindly spiers.
1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 59 Each unconfines His bitter thoughts to other.
1881 F. T. Palgrave Visions of Eng. 159 Rival intolerants each 'gainst other flamed.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 369 They had had ado each with other in the house of misericord where this learning knight lay.
1967 H. Nemerov Blue Swallows 86 Two lovers in the night Each sighing other's name Whose alien syllables Become synonymous.
c. Without determiner. The preceding one in an implied or specified sequence. after other (also others): in turn, in succession. Now Scottish. Sc. National Dict. (1960) records use in northern and eastern Scotland in 1958.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [noun] > preceding in order > each preceding one (in turn)
otherOE
OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iv. xxvii. 298 On þære ylcan ændebyrdnesse hi forðferdon ælc æfter oðrum, emne swa hi ær genemde & awritene wæron.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1104 Ætwydan feower circulas to þam mid dæge onbutan þære sunnan hwites hiwes, ælc under oðran gebroiden.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 10338 Bruttene leoden þene wude al bileien and an are halfe hine feolden fulle seoue milen, treo uppen oðer [c1300 Otho treo vppe treo].
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 5032 (MED) Ac þo vel he in siknesse & sorwe vpen oþer.
a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) 598 (MED) Þe fals Jewes in þe felde fallen so þicke As hail froward heuen, hepe ouer [v.rr. eche hepid from, eche vp-on, ilkone on] oþer.
c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. ix. 108 (MED) Þouȝt & I þus þre dayes we ȝeden, Disputyng on dowel day aftir oþer.
?c1425 Crafte Nombrynge in R. Steele Earliest Arithm. in Eng. (1922) 29 (MED) Haue alle þe ylke cifers togedur in þi mynde, a-rowe, ychon aftur other.
1558 Q. Kennedy Compendius Tractiue xviii. sig. Hiii Our Salueour thryse efter vther commendit his floke to S. Peter.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iv. iv. 1 Euery Letter he hath writ, hath disuouch'd other . View more context for this quotation
1660 R. Sharrock Hist. Propagation & Improvem. Veg. 17 The nature of young tulip roots is to runne down deeper into the ground, every year more then other.
a1694 J. Tillotson Serm. cx, in Wks. (1742) VI. 1793 Controversy, which I am less fond of every day than other.
1728 in Sc. National Dict. (1960) V. 303/3 I past to the mercate cross of [Edinburgh], pear and shoar of Leith respective and successive ane after others.
1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. x. 109 I am uncommonly fond of ducks..and it is a fine sight to behold them walk, poddling one after other.
1897 G. A. Mackay Where Heather Grows 165 Ane efter ither, the lads I kent tak' their ain wye.
†3. That which follows the first; the second. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > two > fact of being second > [noun] > that which is second
othereOE
tother1380
second1572
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) i. xviii. 92 Her endað seo æreste boc & onginneð seo oðer.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxii. 25 Se forma..se oðer ealswa & se þrydda oþ ðone seofoþan.
lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) xxxiii. 80 An þæra is eorðe, oðer wæter, ðridde lyft, feorþe fyr.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 37 Alra erest þu scalt gan to scrifte..þet oðer is do þine elmesse..þat þridde is þet þu scalt bi-wepen þine sunne.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 133 An is monnes istreon, þet oðer is godes word.
a1250 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 18 (MED) Þru tidigge us cumet iche dei..On, We sulle honne; þath oþer, we nite wanne.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 17 Þe uerste boȝ of prede is ontreuþe, þe oþer onworþhede, þe þridde ouerweninge.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1199 (MED) He slow six of þe grettes[t]..þat on was his neuew..þat oþer was his stiward.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 299 (MED) He had þre þryven sunez..Sem soþly þat on, þat oþer hyȝt Cam, And þe jolef Japheth watz gendered þe þryd.
a1450 Pater Noster Richard Ermyte (Westm. Sch. 3) (1967) 7 (MED) Fyue þingis letten preier of God to be herd..Þat oþer is þat men aske not in preier þat were for to aske.
c1450 (a1400) Libeaus Desconus (Calig. A.ii) (1969) 219 (MED) To army þer knyȝtes wer fayn: Þe ferste was Syr Gaweyn, Þat oþer, Syr Perceuale, Þe þyrþe, Syr Eweyn, Þe ferþde was Syr Agrafrayn.
1542 in W. Macgill Old Ross-shire & Scotl. (1909) I. 109 Ane..in the toune of Delny..and the uthyr in the toun of Balcony and the third in the waird of Dingwall.
1616 B. Jonson Entertainm. at Theobalds 39 in Wks. I The three Parcae,..the one holding the rocke, the other the spindle, and the third the sheeres.
1630 in J. H. Ramsay Bamff Charters (1915) 223 Twa grein boord claths, ane for the hall boord and the uther for the chamber boord.
1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) ii. iii. 92 The former Respiration Galen terms gentle or small,..the other strong,..a third sublime.
1798 J. Ferriar Illustr. Sterne 76 Three editions; the first at Paris..the other of Rouen..the third at Lyons.
4. Usually with the (or formerly occasionally a demonstrative determiner). The remaining ones, the rest.
†a. In form other (Old English plural oþre). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [noun] > the rest
lave971
otherOE
remanantc1350
remnanta1375
surplusc1400
remanent1414
reversionc1450
rest?1473
remain1483
allowance1521
reliquation1658
rump1708
balance1788
OE Blickling Homilies 223 Wæs heora sum reðra..ðonne þa oþre.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvii. 49 Þa oðre cwædon.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1107 Onmang þa odðre þe abbodrices underfengon, Ernulf..feng to þam abbodrice on Burh.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 62 Þa sædon sona sume þa synderhalȝan..Heom andswyrdan þa oðre.
c1200 Serm. in Eng. & Germanic Stud. (1961) 7 61 O mang heom ves on engel þet vas brithere and feire þene ani of þen oþre.
a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) 166 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 169 Ach þoþre habbeþ scome and grome.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 1365 (MED) Þa ȝeide þus þe an, & elnede þe oðre.
?a1300 Iacob & Iosep (Bodl.) (1916) 105 (MED) Ruben, þat o broþer, þenne he is igo..Þis oþre sitteþ bisides.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 237 Hi clenzeþ and halȝeþ þe oþre.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1200 (MED) Þe oþer were lordes of þat lond, lelly of þe best.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 14306 (MED) He wepe sarer þan þas oþer.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 10 The other deffended them with alle their puissaunce.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. xx. 5 The wother off the deed men lyved not agayne.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 11483 Priam..comaundit All the buernes of the burghe, bacheler & other.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 65 Awaking when the other do. View more context for this quotation
1658 R. Allestree Pract. Christian Graces; or, Whole Duty of Man i. §9. 4 The best ground-work whereon to build both the other.
1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. ii. §17 That Space wherein the other were, is made empty.
1768 G. White Let. 17 Aug. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 55 That it is a size larger than the two other.
b. In form others. (The regular modern form.)
ΚΠ
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 67v When the others..addressed theim selfes to returne.
1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. ix. 5 To the others he said in mine hearing. View more context for this quotation
1611 Bible (King James) Dan. vii. 19 The fourth beast..was diuerse from al the others. View more context for this quotation
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 319 The Cave where the others lay.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. vi. x. 296 I shall..promote the Happiness of every Party; not only that of the Parent, who will thus be preserved from the highest Degree of Misery, but of both the others, who must be undone by this Match. View more context for this quotation
1788 A. Hamilton in Federalist Papers lxxxiii. 335 In the courts of common law only, the trial by jury prevails, and this with some exceptions. In all the others a single judge presides.
1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. viii. 160 This politic selection did not alter the luck of the field, the challengers were still successful: one of their antagonists was overthrown, and both the others failed in the attaint.
1860 C. J. Ellicott Life Our Lord (1912) viii. 374 The two others direct our thoughts more to Judea.
1891 W. Morris News from Nowhere xxxi. 226 Take me on to the house at once; we need not wait for the others.
1926 D. H. Lawrence Plumed Serpent iii. 52 She did not hide the fact from herself, but she kept it dark from the others.
1958 J. Rhys Let. 9 Apr. (1984) 157 The Creole is of course the important one, the others explain her.
1991 Which? Feb. 67/2 Eight of the 15 saws hired came with transformers..but none of the others was supplied with an RCD.
5. A separate or distinct person or thing of a kind specified or understood contextually.
a. With singular sense. (a) With an indefinite or negative determiner, as an, any, no, none, one, some, etc.; (b) In or other (formerly occasionally also † and other).For the development of another as a word in itself, see another adj.; cf. sense A. 5b, B. 6a(b).
ΚΠ
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxx. 262 Sum ærendraca com to Iobe, and cwæð... Ða com sum oðer and cwæð.
OE tr. Alexander's Let. to Aristotle (1995) §13. 232 Þa ic þæt wæter bergde ða wæs hit biterre & grimre to drincanne þonne ic æfre ænig oðer bergde.
c1330 in T. Wright Polit. Songs Eng. (1839) 340 That dured ȝer and other.
1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccx. 193 The barons sent to hym o time and other.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. xii Certaynly I nor none other canne give the Jugement.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxvii. sig. Mviii The forme..is nat expressed by the sayde autor, nor none other that I haue yet radde.
1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Sbizzarine, to obtaine ones longing by doing some mad pranke or other.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 637 To one ydols tuytion and protection or other.
1635 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Donzella Desterrada 203 My Mother..was by some one or other counselled to send [etc.].
1656 F. Beale tr. G. Greco Royall Game Chesse-play vii Forke is, that when you see two of the enemies Noble-men standing in the same ranke, and but one house betwixt them, advance a pawne, guarded with an other, unto the middle house before them both, and you may commonly take one of them.
1673 J. Milton On Death Fair Infant viii, in Poems (new ed.) 20 Or any other of that heav'nly brood.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 446. ¶4 Some time or other we may be at leisure.
1786 T. Jefferson Let. 8 Feb. in Papers (1954) IX. 264 Irregularities committing by some one or other of them which will constantly keep us on an ill footing with foreign nations.
1801 J. Austen Let. 14 Jan. (1995) 73 Hardly a day passes in which we do not have some visitor or other.
1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick i. 5 I have the satisfaction of knowing..that everybody else is one way or other served in much the same way.
1877 C. H. Spurgeon Serm. XXIII. 55 God will bring His people out of the trouble some way or other.
1919 J. Conrad Arrow of Gold iii. 142 How talkative she was, this maid with unsealed lips! For some reason or other this last statement of hers brought me immense comfort.
1967 C. Jackson Second-hand Life 147 Still, he was the man for her, and she felt there would be no other.
1992 Gramophone Jan. 42/2 I have played this perhaps more during the year than any other, save for Pletnev's transcription of scenes from Sleeping Beauty.
b. With plural sense.
(a) In form other (Old English plural ōþre) Now chiefly in other of.
ΚΠ
OE Ælfric Old Test. Summary: Judges (Laud) xvi. 12 in S. J. Crawford Old Eng. Version of Heptateuch (1922) 413 He wearð eft gebunden mid eallniwum rapum & he þa tobræc swa swa þa oðre.
lOE Laws: Gerefa (Corpus Cambr.) i. §1. 453 On manegum landum tilð bið redre ðonne on oðrum.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Þas meres & laces, Scælfremere & Witlesmere & ælle þa oþre þæt þar abutan liggan.
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 107 (MED) Þu bie rihtwis on ðe seluen and aȝean alle odren.
a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) 237 Ðe hertes..on swimmeð bi forn & alle ðe oðre folegen.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 30 Yles þer beþ manion..Ac þer beþ, at uore alle oþere þre.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 9293 Sum Iuus said til oþer þan ‘Qua herd euer sli spece o man.’
1431 in J. R. N. Macphail Highland Papers (1916) II. 166 All chartis evidentis and writis that may mak help til othir of thair rychtis.
1483 W. Caxton tr. A. Chartier Curial sig. j Whiche repute thonours..to be thynges more blessyd & happy than other.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. xiv. sig. X5v There be other of this sorte, which more couertly lay their snares to take the hartes of princes and noble men.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. iv. 6 King Dauid..and many other of the holy Prophets wrate in meeters, and vsed to sing them to the harpe.
1637 Bk. Common Prayer Church of Scotl. Of Ceremonies sig. a5 That they..should be abused as other have been.
1657 W. Rand tr. P. Gassendi Mirrour of Nobility iii. 154 Other of his friends and rare men.
1691 A. Gavin Observ. Journy to Naples 228 Elias and other of the Prophets.
1713 R. Steele in Guardian 14 Mar. 1/1 A Body of Men, whom of all other a good Man would be most careful not to violate.
1798 C. Smith Young Philosopher II. 155 Some other of the servants and dependants.
1826 R. H. Froude Remains (1838) I. 152 These writings, and all other of the same class.
1844 J. H. Newman Lett. & Corr. (1891) II. 432 I know two other of his works.
1880 F. G. Lee Church under Q. Elizabeth I. 244 Like other of the Protestant prelates.
1926 B. Karlgren Philol. & Anc. China vi. 136 The examples I have given are of course only a gleaning, and many other could have been adduced.
1965 S. Sitwell Monks, Nuns & Monasteries vi. 189 Other of the Moscow monasteries seem of greater interest than the New Jerusalem.
1990 National Trust Mag. Autumn 9/2 The rejuvenator and several other of Mr Overbeck's inventions can be seen at Overbeck's Museum in South Devon.
(b) In form others. (The regular modern form.)
ΚΠ
c1390 in C. Innes Registrum Honoris de Morton (1853) I. xl Thou come with othiris with thé.
1464 in C. Innes & P. Chalmers Liber S. Thome de Aberbrothoc (1856) II. 141 Ony man of our communite or vthirris.
1557 T. North tr. A. de Guevara Diall Princes 141 That thy thoughtes were others than they seemed.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1307 Of tame beasts..the most grosse and indocible of all others, namely an asse.
1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 337 These matters abovesaid, and others the like.
1631 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1872) II. 314 The fermores and vthers keping horse and kyne within the towne.
1651 T. Gataker in T. Fuller Abel Redevivus 208 He preached at Rome, Venis..and in others the Cities of Italy.
1782 J. H. St. J. de Crèvecoeur Lett. from Amer. Farmer iv. 129 Among the many ponds or lakes which this island abounds, there are some which have been made by the intrusion of the sea, such as Wiwidiah, the Long, the Narrow, and several others.
1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. i. 45 Loans from the citizens of London, and others of her subjects.
1868 H. H. Milman Ann. St. Paul's Cathedral 344 In others of his sermons.
1877 J. Morley Crit. Misc. 2nd Ser. 340–1 In Birmingham, the very place, of all others, where it is most likely to be of real service.
1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage lxxxvi. 448 Because he put on no airs he was more popular with them than others of the clerks.
1944 R. Matheson Entomol. for Introd. Courses ii. 17 The wild spiders (Lycoisdae), the jumping spiders (Attidae) and some others do not build webs but stalk their prey.
1988 Kitchener–Waterloo (Ont.) Record 8 June H8/5 Most of the new units will go to the hospitals in Toronto. Others have been approved for Ottawa.
6. Another person; someone else; anyone else.
a. With singular sense.
†(a) Without determiner. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxviii. 362 Þonne mæssepreost oðþe oðer in tun com.
eOE Laws of Ælfred (Corpus Cambr. 173) Introd. xix. 32 Gif hwa oðrum his eage oðdo.
OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xi. 3 Eart þu þe to cumenne eart oððe we oþres sceolon abidan?
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1154 Þat ilce dæi þat Martin abbod of Burch sculde þider faren, þa sæclede he & ward ded..& te munekes innen dæis cusen oþer of heom sælf.
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 43 (MED) Oðer hadde þe gult, and ure hlouerd ihesu crist hit acorede.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 19 Þet he ne misdude wið oðerne.
c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 9224 (MED) Wiþ mace & ex & fauchoun, Mani kniȝt laide oþer adoun.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 1974 (MED) Ilkan agh be oþier broiþer.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 21927 Thoru warnissing of oþers wrake.
c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 180 It was oþerys defaute & noȝt myn.
a1525 Bk. Sevyne Sagis 2706, in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 86 But þan þe king has gart þaim ryβ And chargit vþer to mak seruiβ.
1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. viii. xvi. 372 Other than him they haue none ouer them.
1611 Bible (King James) 1 Cor. xi. 21 Euery one taketh before other, his owne supper. View more context for this quotation
(b) With indefinite or negative determiner, as an, any, no, none, one, some, etc.For development of another as a word in itself, see another adj.; cf. senses A. 5b and B. 5a.
ΚΠ
OE King Ælfred tr. Psalms (Paris) (2001) xxi. 9 Ne gewit þu fram me, for þam me synt earfoðu swyðe neh, and nis nan oþer þe wylle oððe mæge me gehelpan.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 62 Sume sædon þæt hit wære sum oðer him ilic.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 21 (MED) Þe ouerwenere weneþ more by worþ oþer conne more þanne enie oþre.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 14306 (MED) He wepped sarer þan any oþer.
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) iv. 409 If oon kan synge, an other kan wel daunce.
a1450 (c1409) in J. Kail 26 Polit. Poems (1904) 32 (MED) Here noo oþer to don þy dede.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 19 Shall eny other do her duresse?
1518 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 104 & then & there desired sir Iohn Bulmer that he wold put one other in his Rowme to be Collector.
1611 W. Mure Misc. Poems i. 76 Ȝit woldst thou teach ane oyer.
1657 W. Rand tr. P. Gassendi Mirrour of Nobility iii. 191 The work should be dedicated to the King, or to some other, who would thankfully accept it.
1739 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature I. iv. 475 Sentiments that I am sensible can become no body, and a sceptic still less than any other.
1811 A. de Beauclerc Ora & Juliet III. 208 It is plain..she likes some other.
1828 E. B. Pusey Hist. Enq. Rationalist Char. I. i. 126 (note) Morgan put together with greater minuteness than any other the historical critical difficulties.
1881 W. H. Mallock Romance 19th Cent. II. 205 It was none other than [etc.].
1916 E. R. Burroughs Beasts of Tarzan xx. 300 Hunting he must do, for none other could so surely go forth and return with meat as he.
1954 Jrnl. Hist. Ideas 13 228 The first-born son of the mystical union between the New Adam and the New Eve was none other than Postel himself.
2000 U.S. News & World Rep. 3 Jan. 27/1 The FSB..at that time was still headed by none other than Putin, the former KGB agent and present prime minister.
b. With plural sense.
†(a) In form other (also Old English plural ōþre). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) i. xv. 62 Se cyning eac swylce betuh oþre ongon lustfullian.
OE Blickling Homilies 143 Mid hire syndan Godes apostolas and oþre.
c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 45 Ðu þe styran scealt, þæt he seolf beo irihtlæht, & oðre beon istyrede, ðe þa steor ihyræð.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 428 Swa we don itt wiþþ unnskill þatt itt maȝȝ anngrenn oþre.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 180 Nos opportet gloriari & cetera..hwet se beo of ordre [a1250 Nero oþre], þe habbeþ hare blisse, summe i flesches licunge, summe i worldes dweole.
a1275 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Trin. Cambr.) (1955) 118 (MED) God þing is god vimmon, þe mon þad michte hire cnoswen [read cnowen] & chesen hire from oþere.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3633 Aaron bissop oðere of ðat kin Sette he, hem for to seruen ðor-in.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 222 & silui, ascaynes sone, & oþere þat þer were.
?c1430 (c1383) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 19 Þei..maken oþere more sikyrly to hopen þus.
a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 122 Lordes, knyghtes, and sqviers, and oþer.
c1480 (a1400) St. John Evangelist 12 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 109 God gaf hym wittinge atoure athire of prewe thinge.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) John vii. f. cxxx Wother sayde naye, but he deceaveth the people.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) John vii. f. cxxxj Wother sayde: this is Christ.
1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha i. xvi. 103 Other there were of a contrary opinion.
1607 R. Wilkinson Merchant Royall Ep. Ded. sig. A3v I haue pleased some and displeased other.
a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 22 The Heathen..(a name comprising all other but themselves).
1870 E. A. Freeman in W. R. W. Stephens Life & Lett. E. A. Freeman (1895) II. 38 You and such other as I may catch.
(b) In form others (also genitive plural others', formerly others.) (The regular modern form.)
ΚΠ
c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) f. 80 Hwen euchan luueð godd mare þen himseolven & þen alle þe odre, mare he gleadeð of godd wiðuten ei etlunge þen of his ahne gleadunge & of alle þe oðres.
?a1300 Maximian (Digby) 236 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 99 (MED) Mi wele is went to wo, Al so is oþres mo.
a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 339 (MED) To oþirs is ȝovun..discrecioun to knowe spiritis.
?1456 W. Worcester in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 162 I hafe remembred of the langage that..W. Barker had to yow and othyrs.
c1480 (a1400) St. Peter 29 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 8 With oþeris alse in þe se Rouande.
1557 Bible (Whittingham) Luke xx. 16 He..wil let out his vineyard to others [previous vv. other, Rheims and 1611 others].
1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) xiv. 14 In lykwayis dois hir beuty..Transcend all vþiris.
a1599 E. Spenser Canto Mutabilitie vii. liii, in Faerie Queene (1609) sig. Ii3 Where were ye borne? some say in Crete by name, Others in Thebes, and others other-where.
a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 602 Mony nobillis of the Pechtis..and sindrie otheris mo.
1611 Bible (King James) Matt. xxvii. 42 He saued others [prev. vv. other]; himselfe he cannot saue. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 164 I met Lord Bigot, and Lord Salisburie..And others more. View more context for this quotation
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xx. 114 Envy and Anger, not being caused by Pain and Pleasure simply in themselves, but having in them some mixed Considerations of our selves and others, are not therefore to be found in all Men.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 118. ⁋1 This Woman, says he, is of all others the most unintelligible.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. ix. 29 Others indeed may talk.
a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 491 Not but I hae a richer share Than mony ithers.
1841 R. W. Emerson Ess. 1st Ser. (Boston ed.) vi. 159 In poetry, and in common speech, the emotions of benevolence and complacency which are felt towards others, are likened to the material effects of fire.
1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch II. xxxvii. 275 If one has too much in consequence of others being wronged, it seems to me that the divine voice which tells us to set that wrong right, must be obeyed.
1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 38 Without the Struggle for the life of Others, obviously there would have been no Others.
1935 G. Greene Eng. made Me iii. 107 He had always worked in places where others had established the English corner before he came.
1962 E. Waugh Diary 5 Oct. (1976) 790 She can write, think and pray exclusively of others; dreams are all egocentric.
1987 Amer. Sociol. Rev. 52 222 Selves are shaped in interaction with cohesive groups of similar others.
7. Another thing; something else; anything else. Chiefly in negative contexts, esp. in no other. Frequently with than. Now somewhat archaic or literary.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [noun] > something else or something other
elsewhatc890
othereOE
otherwhatc1175
anotherc1275
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iii. ix. 184 Betweoh oðer spræcon heo be Oswalde.
eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) v. 13 Nat ic nauht oðres.
OE tr. Alexander's Let. to Aristotle (1995) §12. 230 Sio hiow hie oft oncyrreð & on oþer hworfeð.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1154 Ne durste nan man don oþer bute god for þe micel eie of him.
a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) 147 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 169 (MED) Hefð he ifonded summe stunde, he wolde al seggen oðer.
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 11 Hwo se hit haueð oþer sum oþer of ðe holi þrumnesse, sigge þe wulle.
c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) 69 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 3 (MED) Iesus is on Almiȝti god..he is wod þat ani oþur bi-leuez.
?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 90 (MED) Whar of is þe gentilman Of eni oþer þan of þis?
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 4147 (MED) Ruben sagh þair was nanoþer Bot algat for to sla þer broþer.
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) ii. 364 I nevere other mente.
c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 266 (MED) If there falle hym othere þan he wolde, It schulde hym causen for to do amys.
1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxi. 87 All be he of his parente, his affyn[y]te or other.
a1500 Roberd of Cisyle (Caius) 203 Whene it myȝt no oþer [a1500 Cambr. Ff.2.38 no nodur] be.
1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iii. sig. Hh.iiii [He] neuer thinketh vpon other but to please her.
1615 State Papers Earl of Melrose (1837) I. 201 Yee could nocht esteeme theese articles to be other nor fals and suppositicious.
1685 N. Crouch Eng. Empire in Amer. iv. 83 The Indians..thinking no other but I had saved the Indian's life.
1690 J. Locke Two Treat. Govt. i. iv. §40 'Tis impossible..to find any other but the setting of Mankind above the other Kinds of Creatures.
1755 Man No. 49. 2 This is no other than insulting a person.
1791 T. Paine Rights of Man i. 97 With respect to the Cour Plénière, it was no other than a medium through which despotism was to pass, without appearing to act directly from itself.
1826 J. F. Cooper Last of Mohicans I. ix. 121 With two such examples of courage before him, a man would be ashamed to prove other than a hero.
1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles xxxii. 442 Peter was not likely to strike with any other but a right good will.
1895 Westm. Gaz. 25 July 4/2 He thought he could not do other than send the two prisoners for trial.
1936 M. Franklin All that Swagger xvii. 164 But seeing phwat has happened, I can do no other.
1991 Index on Censorship Jan. 6/1 With their former monopoly virtually intact the old nomenklatura..have little incentive to do other than support present government policy.
8. Each other; one another. Formerly also in plural. Now Scottish and Irish English (northern) .
ΚΠ
c1225 (?c1200) Hali Meiðhad (Bodl.) (1940) 394 (MED) For moni þing schal ham wreaðen & gremien..& for hare oþres uuel sorhin.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 22631 (MED) Windes on ilk side sal rise, Sa fast gain oþer sal þai blau.
a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 340 Alle dedes and werkes of þe Trinite mai not be departid from oþir.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 35 Kynge Nentres..kynge Claryaunce, and..kynge Angwysshaunce..swore they wolde never fayle other for lyff nothir for dethe.
a1500 (c1350) Octovian (Cambr.) (1986) l. 1319 There bothe partyes odur abode.
c1600 Hist. & Life James VI (1825) 188 How thay mycht shift thir thre from uthers severallie.
1620 Hist. Frier Rush sig. D2 I would haue caused you to slaye other.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iii. 85 Figges, Orenges, Lemmons,..growing all through other.
1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 209 Oh if we were clasped in others arms!
1640 Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 1 Sept. (1855) 35 He..saw thame striking at uthers with thair swordes.
a1653 H. Binning Heart-humiliation (1676) xviii. 278 You may see here, Sin and Judgement mixed in thorow other in their Complaint.
1704 Proc. Sc. Antiquarian Soc. 56 55 It is not so bright as a candle, the low thereof being blue, yet it gave such a light as they could discern others faces.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iii. iii. 48 Lets steal frae ither now and meet the Morn.
1786 R. Burns Twa Dogs vi, in Poems 11 Nae doubt but they were fain o' ither.
1809 T. Campbell Gertrude of Wyoming ii. vi We know not other—oceans are between.
1842 R. Clark Random Rhymes 16 Since we kent ither.
1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xv Lookin' at ither like daft folk.
a1908 H. C. Hart MS Coll. Ulster Words in M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal (1953) 203/2 On a foggy day ships 'ud run into other.
1927 J. Buchan Witch Wood ix Me and the minister has something to say to ither.
1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 242/1 Other, each other, one another.
II. As noun.
9.
a. Chiefly Philosophy. Usually with the. Frequently with capital initial. That which is the counterpart or converse of something specified or implied; (spec. in structuralist and post-structuralist critical and psychoanalytic thought) that which is not the self or subject; that which lies outside or is excluded from the group with which one identifies oneself; (in Lacanian thought) the unconscious, the symbolic order. Now usually opposed to self.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > [noun] > one thing > one of two
other1863
impair1880
singleton1892
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > ontology > [noun] > being or entity > the other or other-self
other-self1856
other1863
1863 E. V. Neale Analogy Thought & Nature 205 It is the essential character of thought to set itself over against itself, as the ‘other’ of itself, which yet is itself. All our thoughts..are a something set over against our thinking being by its own action; different from itself and yet one with itself.
1876 A. M. Fairbairn Strauss ii, in Contemp. Rev. June 136 He has eternally to cause the other of himself, Nature, to proceed from himself.
1940 Mind 49 177 The otherness of ‘self’ and ‘other’ need in no wise conceal the inseity of the ‘other’ from the ‘self’.
1993 Diacritics 23 18 This ‘lack’ of the Other is a question of/about the Other that remains fathomless and untamable.
2000 S. Connor Dumbstruck xvii. 388 The enactment both of severance and continuity between self and other.
b. A person other than oneself; a person or group that is outside or excluded from one's own group.
ΚΠ
1910 R. M. McConnell Duty of Altruism iii. 54 I reply that other individuals are also illusions, and I will not sacrifice any enjoyment of my illusory self for any enjoyment of an illusory other.
1964 M. F. Lowenthal Lives in Distress vi. 93 It was an impersonal other, such as a physician or social agency representative, who first became concerned.
1988 P. Brown Body & Society (1989) ii. 39 Slaves were the second inferior other in the world of the free male.
2009 M. Gubar Artful Dodgers Intro. 22 The strand of Romantic rhetoric that sets the child up as an uncivilized Other.
10. slang. Usually with the. Sexual activity; sexual intercourse. Chiefly in a bit of the other.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > [noun] > sexual intercourse
ymonec950
moneOE
meanc1175
manredc1275
swivinga1300
couplec1320
companyc1330
fellowred1340
the service of Venusc1350
miskissinga1387
fellowshipc1390
meddlinga1398
carnal knowinga1400
flesha1400
knowledgea1400
knowledginga1400
japec1400
commoning?c1425
commixtionc1429
itc1440
communicationc1450
couplingc1475
mellingc1480
carnality1483
copulation1483
mixturea1500
Venus act?1507
Venus exercise?1507
Venus play?1507
Venus work?1507
conversation?c1510
flesh-company1522
act?1532
carnal knowledge1532
occupying?1544
congression1546
soil1555
conjunction1567
fucking1568
rem in re1568
commixture1573
coiture1574
shaking of the sheets?1577
cohabitation1579
bedding1589
congress1589
union1598
embrace1599
making-outa1601
rutting1600
noddy1602
poop-noddy1606
conversinga1610
carnal confederacy1610
wapping1610
businessa1612
coition1615
doinga1616
amation1623
commerce1624
hot cocklesa1627
other thing1628
buck1632
act of love1638
commistion1658
subagitation1658
cuntc1664
coit1671
intimacy1676
the last favour1676
quiffing1686
old hat1697
correspondence1698
frigging1708
Moll Peatley1711
coitus1713
sexual intercourse1753
shagging1772
connection1791
intercourse1803
interunion1822
greens1846
tail1846
copula1864
poking1864
fuckeea1866
sex relation1871
wantonizing1884
belly-flopping1893
twatting1893
jelly roll1895
mattress-jig1896
sex1900
screwing1904
jazz1918
zig-zig1918
other1922
booty1926
pigmeat1926
jazzing1927
poontang1927
relations1927
whoopee1928
nookie1930
hump1931
jig-a-jig1932
homework1933
quickie1933
nasty1934
jig-jig1935
crumpet1936
pussy1937
Sir Berkeley1937
pom-pom1945
poon1947
charvering1954
mollocking1959
leg1967
rumpy-pumpy1968
shafting1971
home plate1972
pata-pata1977
bonking1985
legover1985
knobbing1986
rumpo1986
fanny1993
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiii. [Nausicaa] 348 They would be just good friends like a big brother and sister without all that other.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 415 Bit light in the head. Monthly or effect of the other.
1928 D. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterley's Lover xiv. 241 She loved me to talk to her and kiss her... But the other, she just didn't want.
1969 F. Norman Banana Boy 127 I..usually managed to get Mary behind a haystack for a ‘bit of the other’.
2000 Z. Smith White Teeth (2001) iv. 72 The men..don't like to think they're wanting a bit of the other when they're sitting down to a company dinner with their lady wives.
C. adv.2
In another way, otherwise; else. In early use also: †otherwise than (obsolete). Now only with than.In later use the collocation other than approaches (esp. when situated at the end of a clause and followed by an adverbial phrase) the sense ‘apart from, except, besides’ (see sense A. 5e).The use of other as an adverb has been a matter of contention amongst dictionary and usage writers, esp. when in collocation with than. H. W. Fowler Mod. Eng. Usage (1926) 411/1 discusses the ‘abuses of other than’, saying that ‘its recent development may be heartily condemned as both ungrammatical & needless’; Webster's Dict. Eng. Usage (1989) 700/1 argues against Fowler that ‘you surely need not avoid other than simply because usage writers are perplexed by its grammar’. R. W. Burchfield New Fowler's Mod. Eng. Usage (rev. ed.) (1998) 559/2 suggests that ‘it would appear to be more or less true’ that adverbial uses of other are ‘not widely accepted’ in British English, but ‘pass without notice’ in American English. Cf. more than at more adv. 1g. See also sense B. 6.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adverb] > otherwise
elseOE
otherwiseOE
otherlikerOE
otherwaysa1225
anotherc1275
otherc1275
othergatea1375
othergatesa1400
otherwarda1450
elsewise1548
elsehow1666
otherguess1777
otherguise1824
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 13924 Al oðer hit itidde.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 3374 (MED) It nolde oþer gon.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 973 (MED) Þer-for certes, be þou sur, seþ it may be no oþer, holliche al min help þou schalt haue sone.
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 199 (MED) A mannes lymes bicomeþ greet oþer þan þei schulde be, whanne veynes ben feble.
c1450 Form Excommun. (Douce 60) in G. Kristensson John Mirk's Instr. Parish Priests (1974) 106 (MED) Also alle false executores þat..wickedly disposen the goodes And þe catalles of the dede oþer [v.r. oþerwise] than his will was at his departyng.
a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) 1068 (MED) Soche ys the lawe of thys londe That ye muste lese yowre ryght honde. Othur may hyt be noght.
a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) v. ii. 58 Commend these waters to those baby-eyes That neuer saw the giant-world enrag'd, Nor met with Fortune, other then at feasts. View more context for this quotation
1629 J. Gaule Practique Theories Christs Predict. 412 Who will care to liue other, then according to this present and euill Life?
1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 64 His next business was to Manage his Mother, and he never left till he had brought her to acquiesce, and be passive in the thing; Even without acquainting the Father, other than by Post Letters.
1844 R. W. Emerson Ess. 2nd Ser. ii. 89 A man should not be able to look other than directly and forthright.
1883 Law Times 20 Oct. 407/2 It is impossible to refer to them..other than very cursorily.
1917 E. R. Burroughs Princess of Mars xiv. 141 I did not attempt to follow her, other than to see that she reached the building in safety.
1947 C. F. Hockett in Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 67 258/1 It is inconvenient to transcribe other than linearly.
1993 Flyer July 17/2 Other than by accelerating the stall, in other words applying a hard elevator input shortly before the stall, I was unable to obtain a really clean break.

Phrases

euphemistic and humorous. to play (also bat) for the other team (also side): to be homosexual.Although typically used with humorous intent, the phrase has potential to cause offence.
ΚΠ
1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army Gloss. 378 Plays for the other side, homosexual.
1994 Guardian 28 Apr. 14/2 The pooftahs were pooftahs..and the blokes were blokes... You knew where you were in the good old days: you were either one of the lads or batting for the other side.
2001 T. Winton Dirt Music (2003) 206 That was Ann. She thought you might be..playing for the other team.
2010 Times 25 May (Body & Soul section) 11/1 I bat for the other team, you see. I'm not the marrying, nor the flower-arranging kind... I'm a sister. God! I'm gay.

Compounds

C1.
a. Parasynthetic compounds of the adjective (now rare). See also other-dimensional adj.
(a)
other-coloured adj.
ΚΠ
1704 N. N. tr. T. Boccalini Advts. from Parnassus I. 199 If she had a Gallant with other colour'd Hair.
1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species iv. 85 Another disease attacks yellow-fleshed peaches far more than those with other coloured flesh.
† other-languaged adj. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses i. 7 Of purpose to maintaine Course through the darke seas, t'other-languag'd men.
† other-mouthed adj. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
1705 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1704–05 (Royal Soc.) 24 1959 This rare Shell,..being the only one amongst near half a score of the other-Mouth'd.
(b)
† other-fashioned adj. Obsolete rare of a different shape or style.
ΚΠ
1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. i. Defin. An other fashioned line..named a twine or twist line.
other-minded adj. rare having a different opinion or view of things.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > dissent or disagreement > [adjective] > holding different opinion from one specified
contrary-mindeda1555
other-minded1593
otherwise-minded1856
1593–4 J. Sylvester tr. O. de la Nove Profit Imprisonm. 24 And whoso list, be mute, if otherminded.
1982 Jrnl. Philos. 79 386 7 + 5 would equal something other than 12, if everyone had been other-minded.
(c)
other-mindedness n. rare
ΚΠ
1926 Public Opinion 30 Apr. 436/3 The habit of..other-mindedness.
1982 Jrnl. Philos. 79 389 It is a mistake to think of these tribes as providing concrete examples of other-mindedness.
b.
† other-prized adj. Obsolete rare of a different price or amount.
ΚΠ
1653 H. Phillippes Purchasers Pattern 25 The true value of any other prized yearly income.
other-sided adj. now rare of, on, or relating to the other side, converse; opposed to one-sided.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [adjective] > opposite or opposed
turneda1325
reversedc1390
contrary1413
opposeda1500
oppositea1513
inverted1563
counter1596
diametrical1613
contraposed1620
oppositive1622
averse1623
diagonial1624
contrarying1628
diametrala1631
conversive1636
Antipodian1640
converted1640
exadverse1647
Antarctic1651
Antipodean1651
antipodal1664
in reverse1694
contradictory1736
converse1794
antithesistic1801
contravening1802
diametric1802
reverse1828
polar1832
antipodist1844
antithetic1864
other-sided1879
antipodic1881
1879Other-sided [see other-sidedness n.].
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 June 1/1 The one-sided prosperity and the other-sided misery.
other-sidedness n. now rare inverseness or converseness of position; frequently opposed to one-sidedness.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > dissent or disagreement > [noun] > with a one-sided view
other-sidedness1879
1879 G. H. Lewes Problems III. ii. 150 Gauss has told us that the mathematical negative is not a denial or obliteration of the positive, but its other-sidedness.
1895 Athenæum 13 July 61/3 A one-sidedness must perhaps be complemented by an equal and opposite other-sidedness.
1916 Science 22 Dec. 891/1 We..seek to overcome the one-sidedness of the physician's outlook by the other-sidedness of the psychologist's viewpoint.
C2. Other compounds of the adjective.
other body n. U.S. Politics (with the) the U.S. Senate as referred to in the House of Representatives (historically, explicit mention of Senate proceedings was proscribed by House rules); (also occasionally) the House of Representatives as referred to in the U.S. Senate; cf. other place n. 2.
ΚΠ
1809 Ann. Congr. U.S. (1853) XIX. 1423 The House should be careful not to infringe on the rights of the other body.
1835 Reg. Deb. Congr. U.S. 3 Mar. 1657 ‘I said no such thing [i.e. the word “Senate”]. I said the other body.’.. The Chair decided that the gentleman was not in order in alluding to the proceedings of the ‘other body’.
1929 N.Y. Times 11 June 24/4 Mr. Garner, Democratic floor leader, asked whether Mr. Denison did not think he was ‘intensifying the situation’ by referring to something that had happened in the other body.
2001 National Jrnl. (U.S.) 28 July 2395/2 They want that bill to be similar enough to the bill passed in the other body so that we can avoid a conference committee.
other end n. the destination of a telephone call; location of the person with whom another person is communicating by telephone.
ΚΠ
1941 B. Schulberg What makes Sammy Run? vi. 121 Julian managed to get Sammy on the other end of a telephone.]
1965 ‘E. McBain’ He who Hesitates ii. 42 He sat in the booth..and dialled the area code for Carey, and then the number, Carey 7-3341, and waited while the phone rang on the other end.
1993 Spy (N.Y.) Aug. 16/1 A voice on the other end says, ‘The governor's gonna be in Chicago next week, and he wants to see you. Bring $10,000 or don't come.’
other guy n. rare = other man n.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > illicit intimacy > person > illicit male lover
leman1297
concubinec1430
lover1611
fancy man1811
other man1886
other guy1953
1953 K. Tennant Joyful Condemned xxxix. 391 ‘Who's the other guy?’ ‘There isn't any other guy.’
other life n. the afterlife; heaven.
ΚΠ
OE Christ & Satan 209 Þonne behofað se ðe her wunað weorulde wynnum þæt him wlite scine þonne he oðer lif eft geseceð.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2707 Niss nan time inn oþer lif. Affterr þiss lifess ende. To takenn wiþþ þe wake leod.
1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Norbert (1977) l. 3830 Al þat euyr we se here of þe oþir lif, We se it as in a myrowre or in a glas.
1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest 26 The rest of time hath he in part and parcell like so disposed and ordred of Nature to lay holde on..the other life above this.
1668 H. More Divine Dialogues (1713) iii. x. 200 The opinion of the Immortality of the Soul and personal distinctness of the deceased in the other life.
1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 171 Life and silver spend thou freely, If thou honorest the soul. Haste into the other life; All is nought save God alone.
1979 E. H. Gombrich Sense of Order vi. 167 The couch in Tutankhamun's tomb..was shaped like a sacred cow, ready to carry the pharaoh into the other life.
other man n. the lover of a married woman or female partner.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > illicit intimacy > person > illicit male lover
leman1297
concubinec1430
lover1611
fancy man1811
other man1886
other guy1953
1572 Deposition in Old Ways (1892) 32 Therfore this deponent dyd retreat herself unto the other man, with whom she hath now married.]
1886 R. Kipling Other Man in Civil & Mil. Gaz. 13 Nov. 3/3 They married her when she..had given all her poor little heart to another man... We will call him the Other Man.
1966 ‘S. Ransome’ Hidden Hour ii. 20 She had been here before. With the ‘other man’?
1994 Sunday Times 6 Mar. (Style & Travel section) viii. 4/1 He was cited by the Tory MP..as ‘the other man’ when he sued his wife..for divorce.
other rank n. Military (a) (in plural) all those who are not commissioned officers; also in extended use; (b) (as a count noun, usually in plural) a non-commissioned officer or ordinary soldier, seaman, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [noun]
soldiera1300
sergeantc1300
private soldier1566
common soldier1569
private man1651
man1690
(private) centinel1710
single sentinel1721
private1775
single soldier1816
troop1832
ranksman1845
dog soldier1852
ranker1890
other rank1904
mucko1917
squaddie1933
craftsman1942
peon1957
grunt1969
troopie1972
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [noun] > collectively
commonitya1550
rank1731
rank and file1756
other rank1904
1904 Regs. for Mobilization: Provisional (Great Brit.: Army) i. 12 Units which do not exist as such in peace are completed in officers by special appointments, and as regards other ranks by reservists, attachments from other corps, and transfers from existing units.
1926 F. M. Ford Man could stand Up ii. ii. 106 There were all these inscrutable beings; the Other Ranks, a brownish mass, spreading underground, like clay strata in the gravel.
1931 T. E. Lawrence Let. 20 Aug. (1938) 733 A book written by an ‘other rank’ would not mention the officers.
1960 A. Waugh Foxglove Saga vi. 107 The other ranks of the Pigs were mostly recruited from the criminal and the stupid.
1989 P. Fussell Wartime vii. 95 In North Africa a German spy dressed in British uniform had succeeded in deceiving a British unit because he spoke impeccable Other Ranks English.
1994 Espirit de Corps (Ottawa) Aug. 36/2 The persistence with which he carried out his duties against any odds was vital in saving the lives of one officer and three other ranks.
other thing n. (a) euphemistic (with the) sexual activity, sexual intercourse; (also occasionally) the penis; cf. sense B. 10; (b) to do the other thing colloquial: to do as one pleases; (usually, in an expression of contemptuous dismissal) to lump it.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > contempt or disesteem [phrase] > expressions of contempt
a straw forc1374
to blow the buck's hornc1405
to go whistle1453
fig's enda1616
to do the other thing1628
indeed1834
(in a) pig's eye (also ear, arse)1847
drop dead1934
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > [noun] > sexual intercourse
ymonec950
moneOE
meanc1175
manredc1275
swivinga1300
couplec1320
companyc1330
fellowred1340
the service of Venusc1350
miskissinga1387
fellowshipc1390
meddlinga1398
carnal knowinga1400
flesha1400
knowledgea1400
knowledginga1400
japec1400
commoning?c1425
commixtionc1429
itc1440
communicationc1450
couplingc1475
mellingc1480
carnality1483
copulation1483
mixturea1500
Venus act?1507
Venus exercise?1507
Venus play?1507
Venus work?1507
conversation?c1510
flesh-company1522
act?1532
carnal knowledge1532
occupying?1544
congression1546
soil1555
conjunction1567
fucking1568
rem in re1568
commixture1573
coiture1574
shaking of the sheets?1577
cohabitation1579
bedding1589
congress1589
union1598
embrace1599
making-outa1601
rutting1600
noddy1602
poop-noddy1606
conversinga1610
carnal confederacy1610
wapping1610
businessa1612
coition1615
doinga1616
amation1623
commerce1624
hot cocklesa1627
other thing1628
buck1632
act of love1638
commistion1658
subagitation1658
cuntc1664
coit1671
intimacy1676
the last favour1676
quiffing1686
old hat1697
correspondence1698
frigging1708
Moll Peatley1711
coitus1713
sexual intercourse1753
shagging1772
connection1791
intercourse1803
interunion1822
greens1846
tail1846
copula1864
poking1864
fuckeea1866
sex relation1871
wantonizing1884
belly-flopping1893
twatting1893
jelly roll1895
mattress-jig1896
sex1900
screwing1904
jazz1918
zig-zig1918
other1922
booty1926
pigmeat1926
jazzing1927
poontang1927
relations1927
whoopee1928
nookie1930
hump1931
jig-a-jig1932
homework1933
quickie1933
nasty1934
jig-jig1935
crumpet1936
pussy1937
Sir Berkeley1937
pom-pom1945
poon1947
charvering1954
mollocking1959
leg1967
rumpy-pumpy1968
shafting1971
home plate1972
pata-pata1977
bonking1985
legover1985
knobbing1986
rumpo1986
fanny1993
the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > the opposite of something
contraryc1386
reversec1405
the contraverse1480
nothing less?1520
contrariety1532
negative1532
oppositive1561
different1571
diameter1579
contrariwise1588
opposition1594
counterpoint1599
oppositea1616
other thing1628
antipodes1641
inverse1645
contra1648
contrast1754
converse1786
contrariant1848
antipole1856
obverse1862
antithetic1863
contradictory1874
antipathy-
the world > life > the body > sex organs > male sex organs > [noun] > penis
weapona1000
tarsec1000
pintleOE
cock?c1335
pillicock?c1335
yard1379
arrowa1382
looma1400
vergea1400
instrumentc1405
fidcocka1475
privya1500
virile member (or yard)?1541
prickc1555
tool1563
pillock1568
penis1578
codpiece1584
needle1592
bauble1593
dildo1597
nag1598
virility1598
ferret1599
rubigo?a1600
Jack1604
mentula1605
virge1608
prependent1610
flute1611
other thing1628
engine1634
manhood1640
cod1650
quillity1653
rammer1653
runnion1655
pego1663
sex1664
propagator1670
membrum virile1672
nervea1680
whore-pipe1684
Roger1689
pudding1693
handle?1731
machine1749
shaft1772
jock1790
poker1811
dickyc1815
Johnny?1833
organ1833
intromittent apparatus1836
root1846
Johnson1863
Peter1870
John Henry1874
dickc1890
dingusc1890
John Thomasc1890
old fellowc1890
Aaron's rod1891
dingle-dangle1893
middle leg1896
mole1896
pisser1896
micky1898
baby-maker1902
old man1902
pecker1902
pizzle1902
willy1905
ding-dong1906
mickey1909
pencil1916
dingbatc1920
plonkerc1920
Johna1922
whangera1922
knob1922
tube1922
ding1926
pee-pee1927
prong1927
pud1927
hose1928
whang1928
dong1930
putz1934
porkc1935
wiener1935
weenie1939
length1949
tadger1949
winkle1951
dinger1953
winky1954
dork1961
virilia1962
rig1964
wee-wee1964
Percy1965
meat tool1966
chopper1967
schlong1967
swipe1967
chode1968
trouser snake1968
ding-a-ling1969
dipstick1970
tonk1970
noonies1972
salami1977
monkey1978
langer1983
wanker1987
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xviii. 206 Mistresse will ye geue me leaue to vnlace your peticote, meaning (perchance) the other thing that might follow such vnlasing.]
1628 in B. Cusack Everyday Eng. 1500–1700 (1998) 298 Item edward wakeland for putting his handes vnder the Coates of marie west & hath told her husband he woold a doone the other thing in a more bestlie maner.
1692 Story of Orpheus, Burlesqu'd in Gentleman's Jrnl. June 9 Orpheus..here's thy Wife again. But..'Till thou'rt on Earth forbear possessing. He who has play'd like thee in Hell, Might e'en do tother thing as well.
1731 G. Lillo Silvia iii. v. 59 Jon. Can'st thou not bake and brew? G. Busy. Yea, by'r Lady, that I can. Jon. And do the other thing too? G. Busy. Out, you're naughty: get you gone.
1817 Ld. Byron Let. 3 Feb. (1976) V. 168 There is little going on but fiddling—masquing—singing—& t'other thing.
1838 Knickerbocker Oct. 313 If you like it, well and good; if not, you can do the other thing.
1846 ‘Lord Chief Baron’ Swell's Night Guide (new ed.) 89 The wealthy voluptuary cannot choose but be gratified, as far as feasting, drinking, and the other thing goes.
1848 A. Trollope Kellys & O'Kellys I. vii. 172 They'd ax him to come and see his sister married, and av' he didn't like it, he might do the other thing.
1913 A. Bennett Regent i. vi. 165 You mean you won't!.. Well, you can do the other thing!
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiii. [Nausicaa] 349 Besides there was absolution so long as you didn't do the other thing before being married.
1923 E. P. Mathers tr. J. C. Mardrus Bk. of Thousand Nights & One Night VII. 55 His heart is hard, his other thing is soft.
1977 ‘D. Cory’ Bennett iv. 127 The C.D.I. wouldn't like it, no. But, then, he could always do the other thing.
other woman n. the lover of a married man or male partner.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [noun] > illicit intimacy > person > a mistress
chevesea700
wifeOE
bed-sister1297
concubine1297
leman1297
file1303
speciala1400
womanc1400
chamberer?a1425
mistress?a1439
cousin1470
doxy?1515
doll1560
pinnacea1568
nobsya1575
lier-by1583
sweetheart1589
she-friend1600
miss1606
underput1607
concupy1609
lig-by1610
factoress1611
leveret1617
night-piece1621
belly-piece1632
dolly1648
lie-bya1656
madamc1660
small girl1671
natural1674
convenient1676
lady of the lake1678
pure1688
tackle1688
sultana1703
kind girl1712
bosom-slave1728
pop1785
chère amie1792
fancy-woman1819
hetaera1820
fancy-piece1821
poplolly1821
secondary wife1847
other woman1855
fancy-girl1892
querida1902
wifelet1983
1855 R. Browning Any Wife xvii, in Men & Women I. 88 Why must I..Put any kiss of pardon on thy brow? Why need the other women know so much?
1920 Ladies' Home Jrnl. Apr. 36 The cast includes Thomas Meighan as the husband, Gloria Swanson as the wife he changed, and Bebe Daniels as the other woman.
1999 Bella 25 May 16/2 By blaming the other woman rather than our man, we're really giving ourselves a get-out clause in case we decide we want to continue the relationship.
C3. Objective compounds of the pronoun.
other-centred adj. centred in others.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > philanthropy > [adjective] > altruistic
altruistic1853
otherselfish1877
other-regarding1879
alter-egoistic1880
other-centred1925
non-egotistical1935
1925 Inner Life 2nd Ser. 219 Love of the large room is characteristic of souls that are other-centred.
† other-peering adj. Obsolete rare peering or looking at the other.
ΚΠ
1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey (1637) 26 By reason of the other-peering mountaines.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

otherv.

Brit. /ˈʌðə/, U.S. /ˈəðər/
Forms: also with capital initial.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: other pron. and n.
Etymology: < other pron. and n. Compare earlier othering n.
Originally Philosophy.
transitive (reflexive in early use). To become conscious of by viewing as a distinct entity; (in later use) spec. to conceptualize (a people, a group, etc.) as excluded and intrinsically different from oneself. Cf. other pron. and n. 9.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > ontology > [verb (transitive)] > be in the relation of self-existent being to
suppositate1628
other1936
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > metaphysics > ontology > [verb (transitive)] > make into or regard as self-existent
hypostasize1809
hypostatize1829
ontologize1865
other1936
1936 G. E. Mueller Philos. of our Uncertainty 89 Thought posits and realizes itself by othering itself and taking the expression of this seeming other as its own.
1963 A. W. Watts Two Hands of God Introd. 25 In mystical traditions, God ‘others’ himself in creating the world, in creating the appearance of innumerable creatures acting on their own.
1980 Boundary 2 8 301 Absorption of what we have already ‘othered’ can never return us to a state of paradisal identity; it can only identify us demonically with the terrifying alienated products of our differentiating consciousness.
1995 Grand Royal No. 2. 13/3 People who are ‘Othered’ in whatever way, made to feel marginal or suppressed or oppressed or whatever.
2003 Jrnl. Women's Hist. 15 159 Kurds similarly have been ‘othered’ by Turkish discourse as ‘backward’ and ‘traditional’, in opposition to the modern secular image of the Turk, and this image has been exported to the West.

Derivatives

ˈothered adj.
ΚΠ
1980 P. Weiss You, I & Others 336 An othered complex of individuals is quite different from othered individuals.
2003 Michigan Q. Rev. 42 653 The assumed ‘universality’ of straight white men's writing, and the policing and self-policing, the marginalization and self-marginalization, of othered groups' writings are two sides of the same racially and sexually delimited coin.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

otherconj.adv.1

Brit. /ˈʌðə/, U.S. /ˈəðər/
Forms:

α. late Old English–early Middle English oðer, late Old English–Middle English oþer, early Middle English odðer (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English odðre (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English oðder (perhaps transmission error), early Middle English oþerr ( Ormulum), early Middle English oðre, early Middle English oððer, early Middle English oþþr ( Ormulum), Middle English hoþer, Middle English hother, Middle English orther (transmission error), Middle English oth (transmission error), Middle English oþeir, Middle English oþere, Middle English othere, Middle English oþir, Middle English othir, Middle English oþire, Middle English othre, Middle English oþur, Middle English othur, Middle English othyr, Middle English othyre, Middle English oþþer, Middle English owar (transmission error), Middle English oyer, Middle English oyir, Middle English oyur, Middle English–1500s other, 1500s uther; English regional 1700s wother (Devon), 1800s othur (Lancashire), 1800s– oather (Cheshire), 1800s– uther (Norfolk); U.S. regional 1800s– uther (southern); Scottish pre-1700 othair, pre-1700 otheir, pre-1700 other, pre-1700 othir, pre-1700 othire, pre-1700 othyr, pre-1700 othyre, pre-1700 vther; N.E.D. (1903) also records forms Middle English othire, Middle English uther.

β. Middle English hodur, Middle English–1500s oder, Middle English–1500s odur, Middle English–1500s odyr; Scottish pre-1700 (1800s archaic) oder.

γ. Middle English oiþer, Middle English oither, Middle English oiþir, Middle English oiyer, Middle English oyþer, Middle English oyther, Middle English oythere, Middle English oyyer.

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English oððe.
Etymology: Probably an alteration of Old English oððe, oðða, cognate with Middle Low German ōder , Old High German odo , oder (Middle High German ode , oder , German oder ); compare also (with different ablaut grade) Old English eðða , Old Saxon ettho (Middle Low German ēder , edder ), Old High German eddo , edo , Old Icelandic eða , eðr , Old Danish æþþæ , Gothic aiþþau , and also Old Frisian jeftha , joftha , oftha , Old Saxon eftho , Middle Dutch ofte (Dutch of ). The relationship between the various groups of Germanic forms is disputed, as is their origin: probably ultimately < a suffixed (dual: compare the adj., pron.2, and n.1) form of either the Germanic base of if conj. or the Germanic base represented by Gothic iþ if.Secondary forms in final -r appear in several languages and are perhaps formed independently. The developments may, however, have the same or similar (uncertain) causes. The alternative ‘either..or’ was expressed in Old English by oððe..oððe . This form was superseded in late Old English (a1131) by oðer (earliest attested in Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud MS, Peterborough continuation), anno 1127; the latest example of oððe , in a sentence in which oðer also occurs, is found in the same source, anno 1131). The early Middle English Peri Didaxeon (?a1200) has regularly oððer where we would expect Old English oððe . Though the date of the first appearance of this conjunction is so narrowly defined, its actual source remains a debated question. It has been held to be identical with other adj., pron., n., and adv.2, and (more frequently) with outher pron., adj., adv., and conj. Both these pronominal words were indeed in Old English used anticipatively, to introduce the alternative oððe..oððe.. (see other pron. and n. 1b, outher pron. 1b); and there is also some evidence in Old English from the first half of the 11th cent. of āhwæðer , āðer taking the place of the first member of the alternative oððe..oððe.. (see outher pron. 1a), and in late Old English (first half of the 12th cent.; in the Laud manuscript of Anglo-Saxon Chron.) of ouðer , ouþer taking the place of both members, and of the simple conjunction oððe (see outher pron. 2). However, by far the usual form of the simple conjunction remained oððe , and the alternative oððe..oððe .., down to the abrupt substitution of oðer in the first half of the 12th cent. Old English ōðer is also used to construct statements of alternatives, but only in nominal or adjectival use (in sense ‘the one..the other..’, or similar: compare other adj. 1b and other pron. and n. 1c). In the 14th cent., in northern and midland English, awþer , ouþer , began to take the place of oþer as first member of the alternative oþer..oþer.. , or oþer..or.. (the second remaining as or , less usually oþer ) (see outher adv. 1b), at roughly the same time as either became the midland form of the first member (see either adv. 3); but these were changes much later than the substitution of oðer for oððe in the first half of the 12th cent. (see further the note on regional forms below). It seems more probable that the oðer of the Peterborough continuation of Anglo-Saxon Chron. was a modification of oððe itself, probably due to association with ouðer and other words in -er ; oððe being a stressless word was probably reduced in pronunciation to oðe (compare Old English nalæs from nalles , early Middle English sithen (in Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud MS, Peterborough continuation), anno 1140) from siððan , etc.). The form oððer used by the scribe of Peri Didaxeon may perhaps represent an intermediate form. It does not seem possible to fix the quantity of the o in Middle English oþer , even from Orm's spelling; but, if derived from oððe , it was probably short. Orm's reduced form oþþr and orr (see or conj.1) had short o , from which the /ɔː/ of modern emphatic or is regularly developed. Modern English regional forms at sense B. 1b are placed in this entry as apparently showing the reflex of a monophthong in their first syllable; parallel regional uses, apparently showing the reflex of a diphthong, are placed s.v. outher pron. 1b. This separation may be artificial, the actual development being perhaps a merger of the two words subsequent to the Middle English period. Preliminary illustration of Old English oððe:eOE (Kentish) Charter: Oswulf & Beornðryð to Christ Church, Canterbury (Sawyer 1188) in F. E. Harmer Sel. Eng. Hist. Docs. 9th & 10th Cent. (1914) 2 Mittan fulne huniges oðða tuęgen uuines.eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) viii. 5 Quid est homo quod memor, es eius aut filius hominis quoniam uisitas eum : hwet is mon ðæt gemyndig ðu sie his oððe sunu monnes for ðon ðu neosas hine.eOE (Northumbrian) Bede's Death Song (St. Gallen) 4 Huaet his gastae godaes aeththa yflaes aefter deothdaege doemid uueorthae.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 892 Hund twelftiges mila lang oþþe lengra.OE Riddle 43 14 Mon, se þe wille, cyþe cynewordum hu se cuma hatte, eðþa se esne, þe ic her ymb sprice.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1086 Swa hwa swa sloge heort oððe hinde.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1128 Wær it tweolf monð oððe mare. Illustration of Old English oððe..oððe..:eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 893 Þa scipu eall oðþe tobræcon oþþe forbærndon oþþe to Lundenbyrig brohton oþþe to Hrofesceastre.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 900 [He] sæde þæt he wolde oðer oððe þær libban oððe þær licgan.OE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Corpus Cambr.) i. i. 28 Oððe mid freondscipe oðþe mid gefeohte.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1085 Oððe mid rihte oððe elles.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1100 Ealle he hi oððe wið feo gesealde, oððe on his agenre hand heold.lOE King Ælfred tr. St. Augustine Soliloquies (Vitell.) (1922) i. 50 Awðer oððe on mode oððe on lichaman.
Now English regional.
†A. conj. = or conj.1
1. As a simple conjunction. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
α.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1127 Þær mihte wel ben abuton twenti oðer þritti hornblaweres.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1131 On þa tun þa wæs tenn ploges oðer twelfe gangende ne belæf þær noht an.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 Me henged bi the þumbes, other bi the hefed.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 Two oþer thre men hadden onoh to bæron onne.
?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 Gif twa men oþer iii coman ridend to an tun.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 6255 Ȝiff þatt iss þatt aniȝ mann. Þe shendeþþ oþerr werdeþþ.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 14034 Twa fald oþerr þre fald mett Þa fetless alle tokenn.
?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 17 Gnid on wine oððer on wearme wætere.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 17 Þu agultest oðer sunegest.
a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 123 Ȝif mann ware firliche uppen is deaðe, and he prest ne mihte habben, andette his sennen him ðe ware necst him..oððer ȝif he ware all hone, ðanne most he to godd ane.
1258 Proclam. Henry III in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1868–9) 19 We..vnnen þæt þæ vre rædesmen alle oþer þe moare dæl of heom..habbeþ idon.
c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 40 (MED) He axede what isoȝte Oþer to londe broȝte.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1940 Slo we him nogt, Oðer sinne may ben wrogt.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 213 (MED) Þemperour..a sty forþ þanne takes to herken after his houndes oþer horn schille.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl 141 By-ȝonde þe broke, by slente oþer slade.
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. viii. 108 A blynde man for a bordiour oþer a bedreden womman.
1437 Rolls of Parl. IV. 510/2 In the Kynges Benche othir in any other place.
1474–5 in Hist. MSS Comm.: 10th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Marquis of Ormonde &c. (1885) 311 in Parl. Papers (C. 4576-I) XLII. 1 No childe, that is to say, son othre doghtre.
1525 W. Tyndale Prol. to N.T. Who ys so blynde.., other so despyghtfull.
1574 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 424 In striffe other variaunces betwixt partye and partye.
c1600 (?c1395) Pierce Ploughman's Crede (Trin. Cambr. R.3.15) (1873) 712 Þe power of þe Apostells þei pasen in speche For to sellen þe synnes for siluer oþer mede.
γ. a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 133 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 144 Þif [read Yif] gold oiþer seluer mit charre ded, Selden deit animon þat auede ani red.c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 182 (MED) Þe ydolatries bitokneþ..hem þat honouren fals goddes oiþer louen more werldelich þinges þan god.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 11305 To offer turtuls douues tua Oiþer o douues duble brid.
2. In correlative constructions.
a. Correlative with whether (whether conj.1 3).
ΚΠ
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 529 Illc an hird wel wisste inoh. Wheþþr itt to serrfenn shollde Prest senndenn i þe firrste lott. Oþþr i þatt comm þær affterr. Oþþr i þe þridde lott. oþþr i. Þe ferþe. oþþr i þe fifte.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (1973) 2283 (MED) Loke nu biliue hweðer þe beo leouere don þet ich þe leare & libben..oðer þis ilke dei se dreoriliche deien.
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 4719 Hii..sende..to i-wite waþer he wolde griþ oþer fiht ȝam wiþ.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 3130 Wheþer þow be a god gost..oiþer any foule fend.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 5717 Whather he wolde oþer no.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 39v (MED) Wheþer [L. Utrum] þat felinge & meuynge be borne be one synewe oþer [L. aut] be diuerse sinewes, it semeþ þat galien holdeþ, [etc.].
c1460 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Laud) 10779 Whethir he wold othir nay.
a1500 Eng. Conquest Ireland (Rawl.) (1896) 97 Ared þe, whyche was the boldyst of this thre knyghtes: Whedyr he that..put hym in the watyr..Othyr he that..Put hym in so grette Peril.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke vi. f. lxxxijv Whether is it laufull on the saboth dayes..to save life oder for to destroye hyt?
1526 Bible (Tyndale) 1 Pet. ii. 14 Whether it be vnto the kynge..other vnto ruelars.
Categories »
b. Correlative with other: see sense B. 1a. Obsolete.
B. adv.1
1. In correlative constructions with a conjunction: = either adv. 3. Cf. outher adv. [other——other——, and (later) other——or——, were equivalent to Old English oððe——oððe——, and to modern English either——or——.]
†a. Correlative with other (see sense A.) in other——other——. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 29 Seo untrunyss cymþ of þrim þringum [read þingum], oþþer of cyle, oþþer of hæte miclum and drince, oþþer of lytte æte and drince, oþþer of miclum wernesse.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 37 (MED) Oðer þu most hersumian crist oðer þam deofle.
a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) 131 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 167 Oþer raþer oðer later, milce he scal imeten.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 94 Ha is eauer oðer i þing wiðuten oðer of þing wiðuten.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 4122 Þat þu him sculle oðer don, oðer slæn oðer a-hon.
c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 732 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 127 (MED) Seint thomas i-saiȝ wel þo þat þare nas wei bote on: Oþur he moste stif with-stonde oþur is riȝtes for-gon.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 402 Oþer he smot of þen arm oþer hond oþer heued.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 6246 (MED) Oþer hii mote þanne acordi oþer fiȝte hom sulue tuo.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 25 Oþer ine þe wordle, oþer ine religion, oþer clerk oþer lewed.
c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xvii. 59 (MED) Pruyde..Oþer in þe maister oþer in þe man, som mancion he shewith.
?a1425 (?a1350) T. Castleford Chron. (1940) 26511 (MED) He haskes his wille..Ouer him to sla oþer put out of place Oþer out of regne him for to chace.
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1865) I. 253 (MED) For other that peple avoide euery principate other elles thei make the prynce moore meke.
1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. sig. H.ivv Other because she accumpanieth not with man, other els for sum other infirmite.
1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. Ep. to King If they mean other your maiesties seruice, other their own wisdome.
1588 A. King tr. P. Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr. 141 Quhen we ar other maintenars..of euill doars, other defends or preaches ony peruers or wickit doctrine.
b. Correlative with or in other——or——.
ΚΠ
α.
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 94 (MED) Oþer he refte him hors or wede, Or made him sone handes sprede.
c1330 (?c1300) Speculum Guy (Auch.) (1898) 175 (MED) Whan a man haþ sinne do, Oþer he mot hit beten here Or [v.r. Or ellis] suffre pine elles where.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1212 (MED) Þei wold winne william wiȝtly, oþer quik or dede.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 5855 Þat i suld oþer [a1400 Gött. ethir] here his saand O [read Or] lat þe folk vte o mi land.
c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame 2139 Al mot out, other late or rathe.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ix. 213 Brynge theym to me other deed or quycke.
1548 T. Cranmer Catechismus sig. Nivv Other they bryng nothyng to passe..or..theyr losse is greater then theyr gaynes.
1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. Ded., in 2nd Pt. Herball Other in Italy or Germany.
1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae (ed. 2) 721 Vther few or nane, I trow.
1746 Exmoor Scolding in Gentleman's Mag. July 355/2 Thee be olweys wother agging or veaking, gawing or skerking.
1856 Full True un Pertikler Okeawnt Greyte Eggshibishun ii Othur be hooke ur be krooke.
1872 J. Spilling Giles's Trip to London 76 [They] doant b'leeve in uther God or devil.
γ. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 14859 Oiþer for to dei or liue.?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 2 Oiþer bihoues vs defend it, or ȝelde vp our right.a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) 2 Thess. ii. 15 (MED) Hoolde ȝee þe tradycyouns þe whiche ȝee han leryd oiþer by þe woord or bi oure pistylle.c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 29 Þat is foly to aferme in þis case oiþer ȝie or nay.
†2. Following an alternative clause introduced by or: = either adv. 4. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xvii. 135 (MED) If conscience carpe þere aȝein or kynde witte oyther [v.rr. other; eyþer]..þin honde þow shewe.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 3 Sum farand þing..Or þai ware fourmed on fold, or þaire fadirs oþer.
a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 851 (MED) Hase þou no forse ne no fete..For on freke to be so ferd or afrayd oþer [c1450 Ashm. outhire], And þou þe gubernare of grece, þat is a grete wondre.
†3. Introducing an expression of doubt, choice, etc., between alternatives: = whether. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > expressing choice [conjunction]
whetherc1000
other1523
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. x. 10 They wist nat in what parte of Inglande they were in: other in the power of theyr frendis, or in the power of theyr ennemies.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. 145 He wyst nat what way he wolde drawe, other into Normandy, Brebayne, or Gascoyne.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.pron.n.adv.2eOEv.1936conj.adv.1lOE
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