orduren.

Brit.

/ˈɔːdj(ʊ)ə/,

/ˈɔːdʒə/, U.S.

/ˈɔrdʒər/

Forms: Middle English ordour, Middle English ordoure, Middle English ordre, Middle English odure (transmission error), Middle English–1500s ordur, Middle English– ordure, 1500s urdeur, 1600s order.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ordure.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman ordure, ordeure, ordore, ordeur, ordour, ordur and Middle French ordure filth, dirt, moral defilement (1121–34 in Old French), excrement (1316) < ord dirty, filthy (early 12th cent.; < classical Latin horridus horrid adj.) + -ure -ure suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin ordura1248, 1313 in British sources.It is unclear whether the following should be taken as evidence for the Middle English or the Anglo-Norman word:1275 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 23 [Wool..clean and dry, and well-washed, without any manner of] ordure. With the form order compare discussion in E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §282 of evidence for homophony of ordure and order in the 17th cent.

a. Excrement, dung.†Formerly also in plural (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > faeces > [noun]

gorec725

mixeOE

quedeeOE

turdeOE

dungOE

worthinga1225

dirta1300

drega1300

naturea1325

fen1340

ordurec1390

fimea1475

merd1486

stercory1496

avoidc1503

siegec1530

fex1540

excrement1541

hinder-fallings1561

gong1562

foil1565

voiding1577

pilgrim-salvec1580

egestion1583

shita1585

sir-reverence1592

purgament1597

filinga1622

faecesa1625

exclusion1646

faecality1653

tantadlin1654

surreverence1655

draught1659

excrementitiousness1660

jakes1701

old golda1704

dejection1728

dejecture1731

shitea1733

feculence1733

doll1825

crap1846

excreta1857

excretes1883

hockey1886

dejecta1887

job1899

number two1902

mess1903

ming1923

do1930

tomtit1930

pony1931

No. 21937

dog shit1944

Shinola1944

big job1945

biggie1953

doo-doo1954

doings1957

gick1959

pooh1960

pooh-pooh1962

dooky1965

poopy1970

whoopsie1973

pucky1980

jobbie1981

c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 428 Of the hyndre part of hire buttokes, it is ful horrible for to see, for certes in that partie of hire body ther as they purgen hire stynkynge ordure [v.r. ordre].

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Deut. xxviii. 27 The Lord smyte the part of bodi wherbi ordures ben voyded.

1520 Chron. Eng. vii. f. 104^v/1 In the same place he made his ordure.

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xv. 70 They will..disburden themselues one waie or other, by ordure, vrine, or some other matter.

1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 911 Mingle Attick honey with the first ordure the Infant makes.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VII. lxxviii. 258 One of Swift's Yahoos, or Virgil's obscene Harpyes, squirting their ordure upon the Trojan trenchers.

1774 T. Warton Hist Eng. Poetry (1840) III. xlix. 209 Dante represents some of his criminals rolling themselves in human ordure.

1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi viii. 181 Ordure is deposited around countless villages.

1895 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 24 424 The eating of human ordure, practised by some tribes at their ceremonies of initiation.

1931 J. Gavorse Suetonius' Lives Twelve Caesars vii. 317 Some pelted him with dung and ordure.

1986 D. Potter Ticket to Ride (1987) xii. 89 The glistening sewers with their floating lumps of ordure and scrabbling hunch-backed rats.

2000 New Scientist 29 Apr. 46/2 The notion that disease arose from foulness..prompted sanitary reformers to organise the rapid removal of ordure from city streets and drains.

b. More generally: filth, dirt. Now frequently merging with sense 1a.†Formerly also in plural (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun]

gorec725

horeeOE

filthOE

foulnessOE

dirta1300

gallc1400

ordurec1400

foulinga1425

harlotry1439

muck1440

noisance1473

horeness1495

vileness1495

naughtiness1533

vility1540

bawdiness1552

vildness1597

snottery1598

soilage1598

sordidity1600

soil?1605

sluttery1607

nastiness1611

bawdry1648

sords1653

crott1657

feculence1662

nast1789

clart1808

schmutz1838

crap1925

grunge1965

gunge1969

grot1971

spooge1987

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1092 (MED) By nobleye of his norture he nolde never towche Oȝt þat watz vngoderly oþer ordure watz inne.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ix. 724 Fret with old rust, gadreth gret ordure.

1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni sig. Oiij^v Water..where into ronneth no vrdeurs of cites.

1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount (1568) f.70^v Boile this together..and if there bee any ordure or fylth at the bottom, you must take it away.

1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 1019 The ordure, which continually gathers on the skin, would soon stop the pores of it, if the sweat were not furnisht with some efficacious dissolvent to open and pierce them.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Ear An Ulcer often..is occasion'd by a Wound, some Hurt, or some Ordure that is corrupted in the Ear.

1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid v, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 236 The youth..Fell, in the victims' gore and the ordure meeting with ill.

1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker v. 67 I beheld (in imagination) myself,..driving..to the nearest rubbish heap, and dumping there, among the ordures of a city, the beloved child of my invention [sc. a statue].

2002 Guardian (Nexis) 10 June ii. 9 We rush out to the compost and poke about... We both grovel in the reeking ordure, looking particularly carefully near melon scraps.

2. figurative and in extended use. That which corrupts, defiles, or fouls morally; obscene language, writing, action, etc.; an instance of this.Cf. dirt n. 6b, filth n. 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [noun]

balec1220

ordurec1390

revile1439

brawlingc1440

railing1466

opprobry?a1475

revilingc1475

vituperation1481

vituper1484

vitupery1489

convicy1526

abusion?1530

blasphemation1533

pelta1540

oblatration?1552

words of mischief1555

abuse1559

inveighing1568

invection1590

revilement1590

invective1602

opprobration1623

invecture1633

thunder and lightning1638

raillery1669

rattlinga1677

blackguarding1742

pillory1770

slang1805

slangwhanging1809

bullyragging1820

slanging1856

bespattering1862

bespatterment1870

bad-mouthing1939

bad mouth1947

slagging1956

flak1968

verbal1970

handbagging1987

pelters1992

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [noun] > cause of

corrumpciona1340

corruptiona1340

ordurec1390

ulcer1592

taint1623

corruptive1641

depravation1711

virus1778

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [noun] > polluting or defiling > that which

ordurec1390

c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 157 In stynkynge ordure of synne.

a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) v. 385 Allas, allas, so noble a creature As is a man shal dreden swich ordure.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vii. 470 In Chaumpayne folk hadde of the disdeyn for thi most hatful, lecherous ordure.

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. lxvii Knowynge theyr owne vyce, and lyfe full of ordure..Yet synne they styll.

1682 J. Dryden Medall 12 Those let me curse; what vengeance will they urge, Whose Ordures neither Plague nor Fire can purge.

1739 H. Baker & J. Miller School for Wives Criticis'd iii. 277 If you please, point me out some of this Ordure you speak of... I only ask of you one Passage that was very shocking to you.

1769 T. Smollett Adventures of Atom II. 73 Corruption, the ordure of which is as necessary to anoint the wheels of government in Japan, as grease is to smear the axle-tree of a loaded wagon.

1814 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 224 These ordures are rapidly depraving the public taste.

1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 49 I have been forced to hold my nose in picking my way through these ordures of Dryden.

1947 N. Mitford Let. 6 Dec. (1993) 197 People shout ordures at you from vans.

1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential iii. xxvi. 300 Twenty years of Rooseveltism has tainted us with the noxious virus of vote-catching ordure that desensitized the olfactory perception.

1994 Private Eye 8 Apr. 11/3 A ‘cascade of ordure’ has been falling on Anderson's head from outraged Radio 4 listeners.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ordure
释义	orduren. Brit. /ˈɔːdj(ʊ)ə/, /ˈɔːdʒə/, U.S. /ˈɔrdʒər/ Forms: Middle English ordour, Middle English ordoure, Middle English ordre, Middle English odure (transmission error), Middle English–1500s ordur, Middle English– ordure, 1500s urdeur, 1600s order. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ordure. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman ordure, ordeure, ordore, ordeur, ordour, ordur and Middle French ordure filth, dirt, moral defilement (1121–34 in Old French), excrement (1316) < ord dirty, filthy (early 12th cent.; < classical Latin horridus horrid adj.) + -ure -ure suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin ordura1248, 1313 in British sources.It is unclear whether the following should be taken as evidence for the Middle English or the Anglo-Norman word:1275 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 23 [Wool..clean and dry, and well-washed, without any manner of] ordure. With the form order compare discussion in E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc. 1500–1700 (ed. 2, 1968) II. §282 of evidence for homophony of ordure and order in the 17th cent. 1. a. Excrement, dung.†Formerly also in plural (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > faeces > [noun] gorec725 mixeOE quedeeOE turdeOE dungOE worthinga1225 dirta1300 drega1300 naturea1325 fen1340 ordurec1390 fimea1475 merd1486 stercory1496 avoidc1503 siegec1530 fex1540 excrement1541 hinder-fallings1561 gong1562 foil1565 voiding1577 pilgrim-salvec1580 egestion1583 shita1585 sir-reverence1592 purgament1597 filinga1622 faecesa1625 exclusion1646 faecality1653 tantadlin1654 surreverence1655 draught1659 excrementitiousness1660 jakes1701 old golda1704 dejection1728 dejecture1731 shitea1733 feculence1733 doll1825 crap1846 excreta1857 excretes1883 hockey1886 dejecta1887 job1899 number two1902 mess1903 ming1923 do1930 tomtit1930 pony1931 No. 21937 dog shit1944 Shinola1944 big job1945 biggie1953 doo-doo1954 doings1957 gick1959 pooh1960 pooh-pooh1962 dooky1965 poopy1970 whoopsie1973 pucky1980 jobbie1981 c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 428 Of the hyndre part of hire buttokes, it is ful horrible for to see, for certes in that partie of hire body ther as they purgen hire stynkynge ordure [v.r. ordre]. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Deut. xxviii. 27 The Lord smyte the part of bodi wherbi ordures ben voyded. 1520 Chron. Eng. vii. f. 104^v/1 In the same place he made his ordure. 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xv. 70 They will..disburden themselues one waie or other, by ordure, vrine, or some other matter. 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 911 Mingle Attick honey with the first ordure the Infant makes. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VII. lxxviii. 258 One of Swift's Yahoos, or Virgil's obscene Harpyes, squirting their ordure upon the Trojan trenchers. 1774 T. Warton Hist Eng. Poetry (1840) III. xlix. 209 Dante represents some of his criminals rolling themselves in human ordure. 1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi viii. 181 Ordure is deposited around countless villages. 1895 Jrnl. Anthropol. Inst. 24 424 The eating of human ordure, practised by some tribes at their ceremonies of initiation. 1931 J. Gavorse Suetonius' Lives Twelve Caesars vii. 317 Some pelted him with dung and ordure. 1986 D. Potter Ticket to Ride (1987) xii. 89 The glistening sewers with their floating lumps of ordure and scrabbling hunch-backed rats. 2000 New Scientist 29 Apr. 46/2 The notion that disease arose from foulness..prompted sanitary reformers to organise the rapid removal of ordure from city streets and drains. b. More generally: filth, dirt. Now frequently merging with sense 1a.†Formerly also in plural (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > [noun] gorec725 horeeOE filthOE foulnessOE dirta1300 gallc1400 ordurec1400 foulinga1425 harlotry1439 muck1440 noisance1473 horeness1495 vileness1495 naughtiness1533 vility1540 bawdiness1552 vildness1597 snottery1598 soilage1598 sordidity1600 soil?1605 sluttery1607 nastiness1611 bawdry1648 sords1653 crott1657 feculence1662 nast1789 clart1808 schmutz1838 crap1925 grunge1965 gunge1969 grot1971 spooge1987 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1092 (MED) By nobleye of his norture he nolde never towche Oȝt þat watz vngoderly oþer ordure watz inne. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) ix. 724 Fret with old rust, gadreth gret ordure. 1528 T. Paynell tr. Arnaldus de Villa Nova in Joannes de Mediolano Regimen Sanitatis Salerni sig. Oiij^v Water..where into ronneth no vrdeurs of cites. 1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount (1568) f.70^v Boile this together..and if there bee any ordure or fylth at the bottom, you must take it away. 1669 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 4 1019 The ordure, which continually gathers on the skin, would soon stop the pores of it, if the sweat were not furnisht with some efficacious dissolvent to open and pierce them. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Ear An Ulcer often..is occasion'd by a Wound, some Hurt, or some Ordure that is corrupted in the Ear. 1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid v, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 236 The youth..Fell, in the victims' gore and the ordure meeting with ill. 1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker v. 67 I beheld (in imagination) myself,..driving..to the nearest rubbish heap, and dumping there, among the ordures of a city, the beloved child of my invention [sc. a statue]. 2002 Guardian (Nexis) 10 June ii. 9 We rush out to the compost and poke about... We both grovel in the reeking ordure, looking particularly carefully near melon scraps. 2. figurative and in extended use. That which corrupts, defiles, or fouls morally; obscene language, writing, action, etc.; an instance of this.Cf. dirt n. 6b, filth n. 2c. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [noun] balec1220 ordurec1390 revile1439 brawlingc1440 railing1466 opprobry?a1475 revilingc1475 vituperation1481 vituper1484 vitupery1489 convicy1526 abusion?1530 blasphemation1533 pelta1540 oblatration?1552 words of mischief1555 abuse1559 inveighing1568 invection1590 revilement1590 invective1602 opprobration1623 invecture1633 thunder and lightning1638 raillery1669 rattlinga1677 blackguarding1742 pillory1770 slang1805 slangwhanging1809 bullyragging1820 slanging1856 bespattering1862 bespatterment1870 bad-mouthing1939 bad mouth1947 slagging1956 flak1968 verbal1970 handbagging1987 pelters1992 the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [noun] > cause of corrumpciona1340 corruptiona1340 ordurec1390 ulcer1592 taint1623 corruptive1641 depravation1711 virus1778 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > [noun] > polluting or defiling > that which ordurec1390 c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 157 In stynkynge ordure of synne. a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) v. 385 Allas, allas, so noble a creature As is a man shal dreden swich ordure. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vii. 470 In Chaumpayne folk hadde of the disdeyn for thi most hatful, lecherous ordure. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. lxvii Knowynge theyr owne vyce, and lyfe full of ordure..Yet synne they styll. 1682 J. Dryden Medall 12 Those let me curse; what vengeance will they urge, Whose Ordures neither Plague nor Fire can purge. 1739 H. Baker & J. Miller School for Wives Criticis'd iii. 277 If you please, point me out some of this Ordure you speak of... I only ask of you one Passage that was very shocking to you. 1769 T. Smollett Adventures of Atom II. 73 Corruption, the ordure of which is as necessary to anoint the wheels of government in Japan, as grease is to smear the axle-tree of a loaded wagon. 1814 T. Jefferson Writings (1830) IV. 224 These ordures are rapidly depraving the public taste. 1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 49 I have been forced to hold my nose in picking my way through these ordures of Dryden. 1947 N. Mitford Let. 6 Dec. (1993) 197 People shout ordures at you from vans. 1952 J. Lait & L. Mortimer U.S.A. Confidential iii. xxvi. 300 Twenty years of Rooseveltism has tainted us with the noxious virus of vote-catching ordure that desensitized the olfactory perception. 1994 Private Eye 8 Apr. 11/3 A ‘cascade of ordure’ has been falling on Anderson's head from outraged Radio 4 listeners. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1390
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