osmundn.¹

Brit.

/ˈɒzmənd/, U.S.

/ˈɑzmən(d)/

Forms: Middle English 1600s 1800s osemund, Middle English–1500s osmonde, Middle English–1500s osmunde, Middle English–1600s osemond, Middle English–1700s osmond, Middle English– osmund, 1600s 1900s– osmound, 1800s oosement; Scottish pre-1700 oisment, pre-1700 oismond, pre-1700 oismont, pre-1700 oismound, pre-1700 osemond, pre-1700 osmont, pre-1700 osmound, pre-1700 osmounde, pre-1700 osmwnde, pre-1700 oysment, pre-1700 oysmond, pre-1700 ozmund, pre-1700 1700s osmond, pre-1700 1700s– osmund.

Origin: Perhaps of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Swedish. Perhaps partly a borrowing from Middle Low German. Perhaps partly a borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: Swedish osmunder; Middle Low German ōsemunt; Dutch ōsemont.

Etymology: Ultimately < Old Swedish osmunder (Swedish osmund; compare also Old Swedish osmundsiärn osmund iron (Swedish osmundsjärn)), probably partly via Middle Low German ōsemunt, ōsemont, (Westphalia) ōsemund, or Middle Dutch ōsemont, ōsmont, ōsemund, themselves also borrowings from Old Swedish. Compare Old Icelandic ásmundr (in late sources; Icelandic ásmundur), Old Danish osmund (Danish osmund), also borrowings from Old Swedish. The origin of the Old Swedish word is uncertain; probably the same word as the Scandinavian personal name represented by Old Icelandic Ásmundr, Old Swedish Asmunder, and originating in a place name based on this, perhaps where the iron was first produced. Compare Anglo-Norman osmond, post-classical Latin osemondum, osemundum, osmondum, osmundum (from 1280 in British sources); compare also post-classical Latin ferrum Normannicum, lit. ‘Northmen's iron’, in the same sense (1281). Any influence of Middle Low German or Middle Dutch on the English word is probably as a result of the mediation of Hanseatic traders.It is possible that quots. 1295, 1324-5, and 1348 at sense 1 may represent examples of unattested Anglo-Norman forms rather than English. With the folk etymology deriving the word from Latin os mundi , lit. ‘bone of the world’ (compare quot. 1613 for osmund stone n. at Compounds) compare the giving of the name bonewort to the plant osmund n.² (compare quot. a1300 at bonewort n.).

Now historical.

1. A type of high-quality iron formerly produced in the Baltic region from bog iron ore, imported in very small bars or rods, and used for the manufacture of arrowheads, fish hooks, etc., and for hardening the edges of tools and weapons. Also osmund iron. Hence more widely: any iron produced from bog iron ore.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > type of iron > bar-iron > types of

osmund1295

ozimus1550

nail-rod1774

bolt-iron1793

hoop-iron1820

hooping1823

mill bar1839

larget1852

wire iron1952

1295 in Antiquaries Jrnl. (1927) 7 428 (MED) In..viii. garbis ferri quod dicitur Osemund.

1324–5 in N. S. B. Gras Early Eng. Customs Syst. (1918) 379 (MED) Idem Petrus pro ferro de osmund.

1348 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 72 (MED) [The small pieces of iron called] bakyren, wrymond [and] osmond.

a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 8 (MED) Osemund, j barel, j d.

c1450 Treat. Fishing in J. McDonald et al. Origins of Angling (1963) 147 Ye schall make your hokes of steyl & of osmonde.

1479 W. Worcester Itineraries (Corpus Cambr. 210) (1969) 192 Revel..ibi est coper, osmond, gold syluer.

1488 Act 3 Hen. VII c. 9 §1 Other Stuff as Lynen Cloth..osmonde Iren Flax and Wax.

a1500 Tracts Eng. Weights & Meas. 18 in Camden Misc. (1929) XV (MED) Osmundus is sold by the barrell..xij barrell Osmond is a last in byenge and sellynge, and xiij barrell is a schyppe laste to freyte.

1594 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 132 To wair 8 gudlenis on pes or osmond iron.

1618 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 300 The good ship..loadit with twentie sexe last osemund irone.

1753 W. Maitland Hist. Edinb. iii. 248 For every cwt of Osmond brought into Leith 8 pennies.

1823 Mechanic's Mag. 27 Sept. 71 Comparative strength of Metals..Bar [Iron] 8·492, Oosement bar 8·142, Cable 7·752.

1864 J. Percy Metall.: Iron & Steel 619 Descriptions of other processes, such as the Sulu process, the Osemund process..will be found in various treatises.

1898 R. Åkerman in Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. No. 2. 9 In certain very remote parts of the country osmund iron, though in rather small quantity, was still produced from bog ore up to the end of the last century.

1932 Econ. Hist. Rev. 4 12 The Swedish iron made upon this direct process came to be called Osmound (Osmund) iron, a word of unknown origin.

1959 Economica 26 24 (caption) Prices of osmund iron, bricks, lime and naarden cloth.

1995 J. D. Fudge Cargoes, Embargoes, & Emissaries 30 The Prussian staple supplied hemp, flax, yarn, and Swedish bog iron called osmund.

2. As a count noun: a small bar or rod of osmund.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > bar of iron > other types of bar

osmund1428

nail bar1817

merchant bar1838

round1862

plating bar1879

osmund piece1898

1428 in J. Raine Vol. Eng. Misc. N. Counties Eng. (1890) 1 John Burn..cutted aboute xxvj peces of fals Inglysh iryn..and made yam in shappe of osmundes.

1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 14 Item for euery last of osmondes accomptyng .xiii. barrels for a last .viii.s.

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Agreement Henry IV in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 167 Halfe a last of osmundes.

1880 E. Peacock in Proc. Soc. Antiq. 22 Jan. 257 Osmunds were clearly..the very best iron,..probably used only for the finest purposes, such as arrow heads, fish hooks,..and the works of clocks.

1903 N.E.D. (at cited word) The osmunds were imported put up in sheaves, packed in barrels, 12 (or 13) of which made a last.

1998 M. Sjöberg & A. Tomilov in M. Ågren Iron-making Soc. ii. 35 The bergsmän produced—and sold—iron in lumps weighing a few ounces each, called ‘osmunds’, which the purchasers had to refine themselves.

Compounds

osmund furnace n. a small blast furnace for reducing bog iron ore to produce osmund, formerly used in the Baltic region.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > [noun] > furnaces for melting or refining metals > for roasting or calcining ores > for iron ore

run-out furnace1812

Catalan forge1839

run-out fire1854

osmund furnace1864

sinter plant1938

1864 J. Percy Metall.: Iron & Steel 320 I shall distinguish it by the name of the Osmund furnace, from the Swedish word osmund, which was applied to the bloom produced in this kind of furnace.

1902 B. H. Brough Let. 16 Apr. in N.E.D. (1903) Osmund furnaces were in operation in Jemtland in 1830, and in Finland even later.

osmund piece n. a small bar or rod of osmund.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > bar of iron > other types of bar

osmund1428

nail bar1817

merchant bar1838

round1862

plating bar1879

osmund piece1898

1898 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 2 No. 2. 7 In the Middle Ages and down to the 16th century, these osmund pieces were very commonly used as currency in the absence of the more precious metals.

† osmund stone n. Obsolete rare (apparently) a kind of (magnetic) ironstone (cf. osmond n.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > [noun] > soft stone

osmund stone1613

lard-stone1811

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > spinel group AB2 O4 > magnetite

quick irona1398

magnet1440

lodestone?1518

magnetes1579

osmund stone1613

magnetite1851

Heraclean stone1883

titanomagnetite1895

coulsonite1937

1613 M. Ridley Short Treat. Magneticall Bodies 3 This stone is called the Magnet..we call it the Load-stone... And it is well termed the Osmound Stone, because he is as it were Os Mundi, the bone of the world.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

osmundn.²

Brit.

/ˈɒzmənd/, U.S.

/ˈɑzmən(d)/

Forms: late Middle English omounde, late Middle English osemunde, late Middle English osmound, late Middle English osmounde, late Middle English osmwnd, late Middle English osymund, late Middle English–1500s osmonde, late Middle English–1500s osmunde, late Middle English–1600s osmond, late Middle English– osmund, 1500s osmende, 1600s osmon, 1600s usemond.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French osmonde.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman osmonde, osmounde, osmunde, omonde and Middle French, French osmonde (c1200 in Old French), of unknown origin. Compare post-classical Latin osmunda (from c1150 in British sources).

Now historical.

1. The royal fern, Osmunda regalis; (also) any fern of the genus Osmunda. In early use also: †any of several other ferns, esp. the male fern, Dryopteris filix-mas (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > names applied to various ferns

oak ferna1400

osmund?a1425

polytrich1526

rough spleenwort1597

parsley fern1777

sword-fern1829

bird's nest fern1831

resurrection fern1870

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > royal fern

everferneOE

ditch-fern14..

herb Christophera1450

osmund royal1548

osmund1578

Osmund the waterman1578

fern-osmund1614

stifling grass1692

osmunda1702

royal fern1781

bog onion1832

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 23 (MED) That oþer ferne is callid osmounde, and he growiþ in dichis and in grippis.

c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 192 Tak wermot,..weybrode þe rote of osmund [etc.].

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lx. 401 The Male Ferne..Of Mattheolus and Ruellius it is called Osmunde Royall.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxiii. 405 Considering the propertie of this herbe [sc. Dryopteris, white and black] in taking away heare, as also for a difference from the other Oke Fernes and Osmundes, we do thinke good to name this herbe..Osmunde Baldepate or Pylde Osmunde... The blacke..may be very wel called in our tongue, Small Osmunde, or Petie Ferne.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Feuchiere aquatique, Water Fearne, Osmund, Osmund royall, Osmund the Waterman, S. Christophers hearbe.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Feuchiere des chesnes, Oake-fearne, pettie fearne, mosse-fearne, pild Osmund.

1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 154 In the root of Osmond or Water fern, every eye may discern the form of a Half Moon.

1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 350 A particular sort of creeping Osmund or Flowring Fern.

c1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 62/1 at Osmunda (Spicant) or confluent leaved osmund.

1845 S. Judd Margaret ii. i. 188 Clusters of tall osmunds, straight as an arrow.

1945 A. B. Jackson Step's Wayside & Woodland Ferns (new. ed.) 101 In the shorter form of Osmund the later generic name was very early in use as a genuine folk-name.

2. Osmund the waterman, the royal fern, Osmunda regalis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > royal fern

everferneOE

ditch-fern14..

herb Christophera1450

osmund royal1548

osmund1578

Osmund the waterman1578

fern-osmund1614

stifling grass1692

osmunda1702

royal fern1781

bog onion1832

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxi. 402 We may cal it..Osmonde the Waterman, Waterferne, and Saint Christophers herbe.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Feuchiere aquatique, Water Fearne, Osmund, Osmund royall, Osmund the Waterman, S. Christophers hearbe.

1728 R. Bradley Dict. Botanicum Osmunda Regulis,..in English, Osmund Fern, Water Fern, Osmund the Waterman, and Flowering Fern.

1945 A. B. Jackson Step's Wayside & Woodland Ferns (new. ed.) 101 It also appeared as Osmund Royal, Osmund the Waterman, and the Heart of Osmund.

Compounds

osmund royal n. †(a) the male fern, Dryopteris filix-mas (obsolete); (b) the royal fern, Osmunda regalis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > royal fern

everferneOE

ditch-fern14..

herb Christophera1450

osmund royal1548

osmund1578

Osmund the waterman1578

fern-osmund1614

stifling grass1692

osmunda1702

royal fern1781

bog onion1832

1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Dryopteris, is an herbe, which groweth on old oken trees..lyke to ferne:..Some call it Osmende royall.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lx. 401 The Male Ferne..Of Mattheolus and Ruellius it is called Osmunde Royall.

1597 W. Langham Garden of Health 230 The root of male Fearne, called Osmund roial.

1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. An hearbe called Usemond Royall, or Oke-ferne.

1714 Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 177 Osmund Royal, or Flowring Fern.

1757 Philos. Trans. 1756 (Royal Soc.) 49 854 Water Fern or flowering Fern, or Osmund Royal. In moist woods, boggy grounds, and marshes, flowering in June and July.

1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 763 Osmund Royal. Flowering Fern. Royal Moonwort.

1856 P. H. Gosse Tenby xxii. 206 The Osmund Royal, throwing up its flowering spike like a tall pyramid of chestnut-coloured blossom,..the noblest of our cryptogamous plants.

1880 W. B. Dawkins Early Man in Brit. vi. 125 In the marshes there were alders, osmund royal, and marsh trefoil.

1945 A. B. Jackson Step's Wayside & Woodland Ferns (new. ed.) 101 It also appeared as Osmund Royal, Osmund the Waterman, and the Heart of Osmund.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	osmund
释义	osmundn.¹ Brit. /ˈɒzmənd/, U.S. /ˈɑzmən(d)/ Forms: Middle English 1600s 1800s osemund, Middle English–1500s osmonde, Middle English–1500s osmunde, Middle English–1600s osemond, Middle English–1700s osmond, Middle English– osmund, 1600s 1900s– osmound, 1800s oosement; Scottish pre-1700 oisment, pre-1700 oismond, pre-1700 oismont, pre-1700 oismound, pre-1700 osemond, pre-1700 osmont, pre-1700 osmound, pre-1700 osmounde, pre-1700 osmwnde, pre-1700 oysment, pre-1700 oysmond, pre-1700 ozmund, pre-1700 1700s osmond, pre-1700 1700s– osmund. Origin: Perhaps of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Swedish. Perhaps partly a borrowing from Middle Low German. Perhaps partly a borrowing from Dutch. Etymons: Swedish osmunder; Middle Low German ōsemunt; Dutch ōsemont. Etymology: Ultimately < Old Swedish osmunder (Swedish osmund; compare also Old Swedish osmundsiärn osmund iron (Swedish osmundsjärn)), probably partly via Middle Low German ōsemunt, ōsemont, (Westphalia) ōsemund, or Middle Dutch ōsemont, ōsmont, ōsemund, themselves also borrowings from Old Swedish. Compare Old Icelandic ásmundr (in late sources; Icelandic ásmundur), Old Danish osmund (Danish osmund), also borrowings from Old Swedish. The origin of the Old Swedish word is uncertain; probably the same word as the Scandinavian personal name represented by Old Icelandic Ásmundr, Old Swedish Asmunder, and originating in a place name based on this, perhaps where the iron was first produced. Compare Anglo-Norman osmond, post-classical Latin osemondum, osemundum, osmondum, osmundum (from 1280 in British sources); compare also post-classical Latin ferrum Normannicum, lit. ‘Northmen's iron’, in the same sense (1281). Any influence of Middle Low German or Middle Dutch on the English word is probably as a result of the mediation of Hanseatic traders.It is possible that quots. 1295, 1324-5, and 1348 at sense 1 may represent examples of unattested Anglo-Norman forms rather than English. With the folk etymology deriving the word from Latin os mundi , lit. ‘bone of the world’ (compare quot. 1613 for osmund stone n. at Compounds) compare the giving of the name bonewort to the plant osmund n.² (compare quot. a1300 at bonewort n.). Now historical. 1. A type of high-quality iron formerly produced in the Baltic region from bog iron ore, imported in very small bars or rods, and used for the manufacture of arrowheads, fish hooks, etc., and for hardening the edges of tools and weapons. Also osmund iron. Hence more widely: any iron produced from bog iron ore. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > type of iron > bar-iron > types of osmund1295 ozimus1550 nail-rod1774 bolt-iron1793 hoop-iron1820 hooping1823 mill bar1839 larget1852 wire iron1952 1295 in Antiquaries Jrnl. (1927) 7 428 (MED) In..viii. garbis ferri quod dicitur Osemund. 1324–5 in N. S. B. Gras Early Eng. Customs Syst. (1918) 379 (MED) Idem Petrus pro ferro de osmund. 1348 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 72 (MED) [The small pieces of iron called] bakyren, wrymond [and] osmond. a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 8 (MED) Osemund, j barel, j d. c1450 Treat. Fishing in J. McDonald et al. Origins of Angling (1963) 147 Ye schall make your hokes of steyl & of osmonde. 1479 W. Worcester Itineraries (Corpus Cambr. 210) (1969) 192 Revel..ibi est coper, osmond, gold syluer. 1488 Act 3 Hen. VII c. 9 §1 Other Stuff as Lynen Cloth..osmonde Iren Flax and Wax. a1500 Tracts Eng. Weights & Meas. 18 in Camden Misc. (1929) XV (MED) Osmundus is sold by the barrell..xij barrell Osmond is a last in byenge and sellynge, and xiij barrell is a schyppe laste to freyte. 1594 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 132 To wair 8 gudlenis on pes or osmond iron. 1618 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 300 The good ship..loadit with twentie sexe last osemund irone. 1753 W. Maitland Hist. Edinb. iii. 248 For every cwt of Osmond brought into Leith 8 pennies. 1823 Mechanic's Mag. 27 Sept. 71 Comparative strength of Metals..Bar [Iron] 8·492, Oosement bar 8·142, Cable 7·752. 1864 J. Percy Metall.: Iron & Steel 619 Descriptions of other processes, such as the Sulu process, the Osemund process..will be found in various treatises. 1898 R. Åkerman in Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. No. 2. 9 In certain very remote parts of the country osmund iron, though in rather small quantity, was still produced from bog ore up to the end of the last century. 1932 Econ. Hist. Rev. 4 12 The Swedish iron made upon this direct process came to be called Osmound (Osmund) iron, a word of unknown origin. 1959 Economica 26 24 (caption) Prices of osmund iron, bricks, lime and naarden cloth. 1995 J. D. Fudge Cargoes, Embargoes, & Emissaries 30 The Prussian staple supplied hemp, flax, yarn, and Swedish bog iron called osmund. 2. As a count noun: a small bar or rod of osmund. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > bar of iron > other types of bar osmund1428 nail bar1817 merchant bar1838 round1862 plating bar1879 osmund piece1898 1428 in J. Raine Vol. Eng. Misc. N. Counties Eng. (1890) 1 John Burn..cutted aboute xxvj peces of fals Inglysh iryn..and made yam in shappe of osmundes. 1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 14 Item for euery last of osmondes accomptyng .xiii. barrels for a last .viii.s. 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Agreement Henry IV in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 167 Halfe a last of osmundes. 1880 E. Peacock in Proc. Soc. Antiq. 22 Jan. 257 Osmunds were clearly..the very best iron,..probably used only for the finest purposes, such as arrow heads, fish hooks,..and the works of clocks. 1903 N.E.D. (at cited word) The osmunds were imported put up in sheaves, packed in barrels, 12 (or 13) of which made a last. 1998 M. Sjöberg & A. Tomilov in M. Ågren Iron-making Soc. ii. 35 The bergsmän produced—and sold—iron in lumps weighing a few ounces each, called ‘osmunds’, which the purchasers had to refine themselves. Compounds osmund furnace n. a small blast furnace for reducing bog iron ore to produce osmund, formerly used in the Baltic region. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > [noun] > furnaces for melting or refining metals > for roasting or calcining ores > for iron ore run-out furnace1812 Catalan forge1839 run-out fire1854 osmund furnace1864 sinter plant1938 1864 J. Percy Metall.: Iron & Steel 320 I shall distinguish it by the name of the Osmund furnace, from the Swedish word osmund, which was applied to the bloom produced in this kind of furnace. 1902 B. H. Brough Let. 16 Apr. in N.E.D. (1903) Osmund furnaces were in operation in Jemtland in 1830, and in Finland even later. osmund piece n. a small bar or rod of osmund. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > bar of iron > other types of bar osmund1428 nail bar1817 merchant bar1838 round1862 plating bar1879 osmund piece1898 1898 Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. 2 No. 2. 7 In the Middle Ages and down to the 16th century, these osmund pieces were very commonly used as currency in the absence of the more precious metals. † osmund stone n. Obsolete rare (apparently) a kind of (magnetic) ironstone (cf. osmond n.). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > [noun] > soft stone osmund stone1613 lard-stone1811 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > spinel group AB2 O4 > magnetite quick irona1398 magnet1440 lodestone?1518 magnetes1579 osmund stone1613 magnetite1851 Heraclean stone1883 titanomagnetite1895 coulsonite1937 1613 M. Ridley Short Treat. Magneticall Bodies 3 This stone is called the Magnet..we call it the Load-stone... And it is well termed the Osmound Stone, because he is as it were Os Mundi, the bone of the world. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). osmundn.² Brit. /ˈɒzmənd/, U.S. /ˈɑzmən(d)/ Forms: late Middle English omounde, late Middle English osemunde, late Middle English osmound, late Middle English osmounde, late Middle English osmwnd, late Middle English osymund, late Middle English–1500s osmonde, late Middle English–1500s osmunde, late Middle English–1600s osmond, late Middle English– osmund, 1500s osmende, 1600s osmon, 1600s usemond. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French osmonde. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman osmonde, osmounde, osmunde, omonde and Middle French, French osmonde (c1200 in Old French), of unknown origin. Compare post-classical Latin osmunda (from c1150 in British sources). Now historical. 1. The royal fern, Osmunda regalis; (also) any fern of the genus Osmunda. In early use also: †any of several other ferns, esp. the male fern, Dryopteris filix-mas (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > names applied to various ferns oak ferna1400 osmund?a1425 polytrich1526 rough spleenwort1597 parsley fern1777 sword-fern1829 bird's nest fern1831 resurrection fern1870 the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > royal fern everferneOE ditch-fern14.. herb Christophera1450 osmund royal1548 osmund1578 Osmund the waterman1578 fern-osmund1614 stifling grass1692 osmunda1702 royal fern1781 bog onion1832 ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 23 (MED) That oþer ferne is callid osmounde, and he growiþ in dichis and in grippis. c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 192 Tak wermot,..weybrode þe rote of osmund [etc.]. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lx. 401 The Male Ferne..Of Mattheolus and Ruellius it is called Osmunde Royall. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxiii. 405 Considering the propertie of this herbe [sc. Dryopteris, white and black] in taking away heare, as also for a difference from the other Oke Fernes and Osmundes, we do thinke good to name this herbe..Osmunde Baldepate or Pylde Osmunde... The blacke..may be very wel called in our tongue, Small Osmunde, or Petie Ferne. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Feuchiere aquatique, Water Fearne, Osmund, Osmund royall, Osmund the Waterman, S. Christophers hearbe. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Feuchiere des chesnes, Oake-fearne, pettie fearne, mosse-fearne, pild Osmund. 1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 154 In the root of Osmond or Water fern, every eye may discern the form of a Half Moon. 1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 350 A particular sort of creeping Osmund or Flowring Fern. c1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 62/1 at Osmunda (Spicant) or confluent leaved osmund. 1845 S. Judd Margaret ii. i. 188 Clusters of tall osmunds, straight as an arrow. 1945 A. B. Jackson Step's Wayside & Woodland Ferns (new. ed.) 101 In the shorter form of Osmund the later generic name was very early in use as a genuine folk-name. 2. Osmund the waterman, the royal fern, Osmunda regalis. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > royal fern everferneOE ditch-fern14.. herb Christophera1450 osmund royal1548 osmund1578 Osmund the waterman1578 fern-osmund1614 stifling grass1692 osmunda1702 royal fern1781 bog onion1832 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxi. 402 We may cal it..Osmonde the Waterman, Waterferne, and Saint Christophers herbe. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Feuchiere aquatique, Water Fearne, Osmund, Osmund royall, Osmund the Waterman, S. Christophers hearbe. 1728 R. Bradley Dict. Botanicum Osmunda Regulis,..in English, Osmund Fern, Water Fern, Osmund the Waterman, and Flowering Fern. 1945 A. B. Jackson Step's Wayside & Woodland Ferns (new. ed.) 101 It also appeared as Osmund Royal, Osmund the Waterman, and the Heart of Osmund. Compounds osmund royal n. †(a) the male fern, Dryopteris filix-mas (obsolete); (b) the royal fern, Osmunda regalis. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > royal fern everferneOE ditch-fern14.. herb Christophera1450 osmund royal1548 osmund1578 Osmund the waterman1578 fern-osmund1614 stifling grass1692 osmunda1702 royal fern1781 bog onion1832 1548 T. Cooper Bibliotheca Eliotæ (rev. ed.) Dryopteris, is an herbe, which groweth on old oken trees..lyke to ferne:..Some call it Osmende royall. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lx. 401 The Male Ferne..Of Mattheolus and Ruellius it is called Osmunde Royall. 1597 W. Langham Garden of Health 230 The root of male Fearne, called Osmund roial. 1647 H. Hexham Copious Eng. & Netherduytch Dict. An hearbe called Usemond Royall, or Oke-ferne. 1714 Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 177 Osmund Royal, or Flowring Fern. 1757 Philos. Trans. 1756 (Royal Soc.) 49 854 Water Fern or flowering Fern, or Osmund Royal. In moist woods, boggy grounds, and marshes, flowering in June and July. 1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 763 Osmund Royal. Flowering Fern. Royal Moonwort. 1856 P. H. Gosse Tenby xxii. 206 The Osmund Royal, throwing up its flowering spike like a tall pyramid of chestnut-coloured blossom,..the noblest of our cryptogamous plants. 1880 W. B. Dawkins Early Man in Brit. vi. 125 In the marshes there were alders, osmund royal, and marsh trefoil. 1945 A. B. Jackson Step's Wayside & Woodland Ferns (new. ed.) 101 It also appeared as Osmund Royal, Osmund the Waterman, and the Heart of Osmund. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1295n.²?a1425
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osmundn.1

Compounds

osmundn.2

Compounds

osmundn.¹

osmundn.²