outstandern.
/ˈaʊtˌstandə/, U.S. /ˈaʊtˌstændər/ A person who or thing which outstands; a dissenter; (Scottish History) an opponent of the National Covenant or its adherents.The National Covenant was an agreement drawn up by Scottish Churchmen in 1638. It rejected the attempt by Charles I and Archbishop Laud to impose English liturgical practices on the Church of Scotland.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > dissent or disagreement > [noun] > one who > stands out
outstandera1593
a1593 C. Marlowe Ovids Elegies (?1600) iii Troy had not yet bene ten yeares siege out-stander, When nimph-Neæra rapt thy lookes Scamander.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 153 To bring the Marques..and all vther outstanderis to cum in and subscrive thair covenant.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 285 He wes ane papist and out stander aganes the good causs.
1751 in Econ. Hist. Rev. (1946) 16 17 The whole was subscribed for by the chancellors friends in two days, which brought the foreigners and allmost all the Outstanders into the second reduction.
1818 Examiner 13 Sept. 577/1 The brave, though starving outstanders of Manchester should be avenged.
1862 Times 6 Oct. 6/5 A great battle in Hyde Park..was not a mere squabble..; the great area was all occupied. As you looked along over the heads of the outstanders you saw a great mound of men like the back of a tortoise.
1900 W. Watt Aberdeen & Banff xi. 267 The only important outstanders from the subscription to the promise of canonical obedience.
1935 E. MacNeill Early Irish Laws viii. 136 The only outstanders of importance were Ruaidhri, king of Connacht,..and the kings of Western Ulster.
1994 A. Burns & C. Scott Mother-headed Families 9 The other states soon followed California's lead... In 1985, South Dakota, the last outstander, added a consent clause to its various fault grounds.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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