outworkingn.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌwəːkɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌwərkɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, working n.

Etymology: < out- prefix + working n. With sense 1b compare outwork n. 4, outworker n., outworking adj. With sense 2 compare to work out at work v. Phrasal verbs 1, outwork v.

†a. The carrying out of farm or domestic work away from the main residence, as in an outhouse or outbuilding. (In quot. attributive). Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1649 W. Bullock Virginia impartially Examined 59 I do not advise that at any hand you suffer them [sc. Indians] to come into your house, or any further then your field or out-working houses.

b. The carrying out of work at a distance from an employer's premises. Cf. outwork n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > [noun] > other types of working

self-employment1834

sweating1843

homeworking1844

clock-watching1860

freelancing1879

guinea-pigging1887

outworking1918

sniping1951

sunlighting1961

temping1973

teleworking1981

hotelling1991

1918 Econ. Jrnl. 28 32 There are [tax] allowances (inter alia) for tools, explosives, clothes, and similar expenses; out-working and lodging money; subsistence and travelling expenses.

1944 Econ. Jrnl. 54 64 Outworking is spreading. As a rule, factories are not dealing directly with home-workers, but through contractors.

1974 Daily Tel. 12 Jan. 2/6 There are..areas of the country where ‘out-working’ has been traditional, as with lace at Nottingham.

1991 Independent 1 Nov. 17/3 The fabrics are washed, dyed, printed and ironed at the barn, then sent off to outworking units to be made into scarves, ties or shirts.

2. The action or process by which something is developed, manifested, or accomplished; the unfolding of events in accordance with a plan, or as the natural result or effect of an action, law, or principle. Also: the result of this; a practical effect or result.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > [noun]

workOE

operationa1393

workmanshipc1400

actionc1405

act?a1425

workinga1425

activityc1485

executiona1530

play1548

workfulness1570

inworking1587

acting1605

agency1606

operancea1625

transaction1663

operancyc1811

outworking1846

mediacy1854

functioning1856

1846 Southern Q. Rev. Apr. 511 A man who writes as he is moved from within, from the simple impulse of his genius, whose style is the eloquent outworking of fine thoughts and a warm heart, will be earnest, living and attractive.

1851 J. Hamilton Royal Preacher 149 A world of which the successive epochs shall only be the outworking of a purpose so wise and good from the first that it cannot be changed for the better.

1880 T. C. Murray Origin & Growth Psalms ix. 286 The outworking of this applied force in the physical phenomena of life.

1913 A. F. Irvine My Lady of Chimney-corner 112 I outlined an ambition, but its outworking was a problem. It was beyond his ken.

1958 Church Times 5 Dec. 1/3 If the outworking of apartheid policies meant such cruelty and callousness, then even the Slightest Smell of a Compulsory apartheid must be removed from our Churches.

1961 B. R. Wilson Sects & Society iii. xiv. 288 Christadelphians do take a keen interest in political events, as out-workings of biblical prophecy.

1991 Econ. Hist. Rev. 44 540 Spadafora cites progress in the economy as the visible outworking of the intellectual ideas with which he is primarily concerned.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

outworkingadj.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌwəːkɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈˌaʊtˈwərkɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, working adj.

Etymology: < out- prefix + working adj. Compare outwork n. 4, outworking n. 1b, outworker n.

Working away from an employer's premises; engaged in outwork. Formerly also: †that works outwardly or outwards, that has a practical operation or effect (obsolete).

ΚΠ

1832 W. H. Smith Let. 23 Oct. in Oxf. Econ. Papers (1958) 10 362 In a ‘manufacturing Town’ like Birmingham the deposits would greatly come..from out-working operatives, who..are many of them, almost void of work.

1848 Biblical Repertory Jan. 116 In God, he [sc. the Holy Spirit] is..the indwelling principle and the outworking agent of moral power and glory.

1860 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 277 It is an earnest plea against worldliness, formalism, rationalism, and extra-Christian spiritualism, and in favour of simplicity in worship, vital faith, and indwelling and outworking piety.

1913 Econ. Jrnl. 23 376 The outworking grinder either occupies his own shop..or rents a ‘Stellung’..from the proprietor of a tenement factory.

1998 Telecommunications (Internat. ed.) (Nexis) Dec. 79 Two thirds of non-teleworking managerial staff..said teleworking would be against company policy, rather than the more traditional reason, lack of trust by the organisation of its outworking staff.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	outworking
释义	outworkingn. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌwəːkɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈaʊtˌwərkɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, working n. Etymology: < out- prefix + working n. With sense 1b compare outwork n. 4, outworker n., outworking adj. With sense 2 compare to work out at work v. Phrasal verbs 1, outwork v. 1. †a. The carrying out of farm or domestic work away from the main residence, as in an outhouse or outbuilding. (In quot. attributive). Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1649 W. Bullock Virginia impartially Examined 59 I do not advise that at any hand you suffer them [sc. Indians] to come into your house, or any further then your field or out-working houses. b. The carrying out of work at a distance from an employer's premises. Cf. outwork n. 4. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > [noun] > other types of working self-employment1834 sweating1843 homeworking1844 clock-watching1860 freelancing1879 guinea-pigging1887 outworking1918 sniping1951 sunlighting1961 temping1973 teleworking1981 hotelling1991 1918 Econ. Jrnl. 28 32 There are [tax] allowances (inter alia) for tools, explosives, clothes, and similar expenses; out-working and lodging money; subsistence and travelling expenses. 1944 Econ. Jrnl. 54 64 Outworking is spreading. As a rule, factories are not dealing directly with home-workers, but through contractors. 1974 Daily Tel. 12 Jan. 2/6 There are..areas of the country where ‘out-working’ has been traditional, as with lace at Nottingham. 1991 Independent 1 Nov. 17/3 The fabrics are washed, dyed, printed and ironed at the barn, then sent off to outworking units to be made into scarves, ties or shirts. 2. The action or process by which something is developed, manifested, or accomplished; the unfolding of events in accordance with a plan, or as the natural result or effect of an action, law, or principle. Also: the result of this; a practical effect or result. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > [noun] workOE operationa1393 workmanshipc1400 actionc1405 act?a1425 workinga1425 activityc1485 executiona1530 play1548 workfulness1570 inworking1587 acting1605 agency1606 operancea1625 transaction1663 operancyc1811 outworking1846 mediacy1854 functioning1856 1846 Southern Q. Rev. Apr. 511 A man who writes as he is moved from within, from the simple impulse of his genius, whose style is the eloquent outworking of fine thoughts and a warm heart, will be earnest, living and attractive. 1851 J. Hamilton Royal Preacher 149 A world of which the successive epochs shall only be the outworking of a purpose so wise and good from the first that it cannot be changed for the better. 1880 T. C. Murray Origin & Growth Psalms ix. 286 The outworking of this applied force in the physical phenomena of life. 1913 A. F. Irvine My Lady of Chimney-corner 112 I outlined an ambition, but its outworking was a problem. It was beyond his ken. 1958 Church Times 5 Dec. 1/3 If the outworking of apartheid policies meant such cruelty and callousness, then even the Slightest Smell of a Compulsory apartheid must be removed from our Churches. 1961 B. R. Wilson Sects & Society iii. xiv. 288 Christadelphians do take a keen interest in political events, as out-workings of biblical prophecy. 1991 Econ. Hist. Rev. 44 540 Spadafora cites progress in the economy as the visible outworking of the intellectual ideas with which he is primarily concerned. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). outworkingadj. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌwəːkɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈˌaʊtˈwərkɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, working adj. Etymology: < out- prefix + working adj. Compare outwork n. 4, outworking n. 1b, outworker n. Working away from an employer's premises; engaged in outwork. Formerly also: †that works outwardly or outwards, that has a practical operation or effect (obsolete). ΚΠ 1832 W. H. Smith Let. 23 Oct. in Oxf. Econ. Papers (1958) 10 362 In a ‘manufacturing Town’ like Birmingham the deposits would greatly come..from out-working operatives, who..are many of them, almost void of work. 1848 Biblical Repertory Jan. 116 In God, he [sc. the Holy Spirit] is..the indwelling principle and the outworking agent of moral power and glory. 1860 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 277 It is an earnest plea against worldliness, formalism, rationalism, and extra-Christian spiritualism, and in favour of simplicity in worship, vital faith, and indwelling and outworking piety. 1913 Econ. Jrnl. 23 376 The outworking grinder either occupies his own shop..or rents a ‘Stellung’..from the proprietor of a tenement factory. 1998 Telecommunications (Internat. ed.) (Nexis) Dec. 79 Two thirds of non-teleworking managerial staff..said teleworking would be against company policy, rather than the more traditional reason, lack of trust by the organisation of its outworking staff. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1649adj.1832
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