outholdv.
/ˌaʊtˈhəʊld/, U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhoʊld/ 1. † a. transitive. To keep out, ward off. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > holding out or making stand > hold [verb (transitive)] > resist
outholda1460
answer1468
receive1477
resist1533
out-ward1596
oppugn1636
a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 1897 (MED) And rare, an ooste if thaduersary seeth, He breketh on with hurt peraventure, Wher thicke outholdeth him ayenst his teeth.
1607 in Trans. Buchan Field Club 4 185 Ordainit to get a common man to outhad strange beggars.
b. transitive. To withhold, retain. Cf. to hold out at hold v. Phrasal verbs. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > retain or keep [verb (transitive)] > keep what is due to or desired by another
ofholdOE
withholdc1200
abstaina1387
keep?1463
to hold up?1499
refrain?1504
outhold1512
detainc1535
to keep back1535
subtracta1538
substract1542
to hold out1907
1512 Ordinance Drapers' Co. Newcastle in J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle (1789) II. 690 Unto ye tyme yt he have fully payed such dewtes as he owthalds of the said felishyp.
1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 27/3 (advt.) These are a quality corset [sic] of finest materials and workmanship that will outhold their shape and outwear far more expensive models.
c. transitive. To hold out, extend.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of stretching body > stretch [verb (transitive)] > specific part of body > in some direction, purposefully
to put forthc1300
thrustc1374
to put outa1382
proferc1400
outstretcha1425
to hold out1535
outhold1550
push1581
intend1601
stick1607
protrude1638
poke1700
blurt1818
1550 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 107 All the saidis personis..be himselff, hes uthalden his hand to the Quenis Grace.
a1844 T. Campbell Power of Russia in Compl. Poet. Wks. (1907) 225 And colder still Polonia's children find The sympathetic hands that we outhold.
1876 J. G. Holland Every-day Topics 310 The man who sells intoxicating liquors contrary to law could never sell a glass..but for the bribe outheld in the palm of his customer.
1972 E. B. Daryush Sel. Poems 11 Would that I might be summoner of the charms Of scented may, what time no more she warms Out-holding to the sun her long white arms.
2000 Daily Town Talk (Alexandria, LA) (Nexis) 16 Mar. 1 d Judy..comes forward with eager step, her hands outheld for a clasp of welcome.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > continue to
outhold1884
1884 J. Miller Memorie & Rime 192 The same broad hollow of God's hand That held you ever, outholds still.
Derivatives
ˈoutheld adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of stretching body > [adjective] > specific part of body
extent1436
outstretched1535
wide1707
outflung1830
outheld1872
1872 Appletons' Jrnl. 25 May 566/2 ‘Let me say good-night, Olive,’ he began, approaching me with outheld hand.
1930 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ Compl. Poems (1993) I. 199 Why your body's graces all appear Like lines of destiny on an outheld palm.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > retaining > [noun] > keeping what is due to or desired by another
withholdingc1386
outholding1465
substraction1536
withholdment1640
1465 MS Rec. Aberdeen V. i. 540 Throw the outhaldin of his gudis out of his schip.
1512 Ordinance Drapers' Co. Newcastle in J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle (1789) II. 690 Ye fornamed stewards..shall forfett to the felishipp of the Drappers for ye owthaldyng of the said money..26sh. 8d.
1624 in W. Cramond Ann. Banff (1891) I. 53 For preservation of the burghe and outhalding of strangeris.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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