ouzeln.

Brit.

/ˈuːzl/, U.S.

/ˈuz(ə)l/

Forms:

α. early Old English oslae, early Old English oslæ, Old English–early Middle English osle, Middle English hosel, Middle English nosul, Middle English nosyll, Middle English oosel, Middle English osel, Middle English osele, Middle English osil, Middle English osul, Middle English osulle, Middle English usel, Middle English–1500s osyll, Middle English–1500s owsill, Middle English–1600s owsell, 1500s oozel, 1500s osell, 1500s osill, 1500s ousil, 1500s ousyl, 1500s owsyl, 1500s owsyll, 1500s vssell, 1500s–1600s ousell, 1500s–1600s ouzell, 1500s–1700s owsel, 1500s– ousel, 1600s ousle, 1600s owsle, 1600s owzel, 1600s owzle, 1600s ozel, 1600s–1800s ouzle, 1600s– ouzel; English regional (northern) 1700s– oozle, 1700s– uzzle, 1800s ouizle, 1800s ouzell, 1800s– ussel; also Scottish pre-1700 osȝil, pre-1700 osil, pre-1700 osile, pre-1700 osill, 1800s ousel, 1900s– owsel; N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English osylle.

β. Middle English wesel (perhaps transmission error), 1600s woosel, 1600s woosell.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Middle Low German amsel , amstel , Old High German amsla (Middle High German amsel , German Amsel ); further etymology unknown: perhaps ultimately cognate with classical Latin merula merle n.¹The Middle English forms nosul , nosyll show metanalysis (see N n.).

a. The (European) blackbird, Turdus merula. More fully (English regional) black ouzel. Now archaic and regional.Some of these quots. may refer to the ring ouzel (sense 1b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Turdus (thrush) > turdus merula (blackbird)

ouzeleOE

blackbirdc1350

merula1398

merle1483

black-mack1519

blackie1841

eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 36 Merula, oslae.

eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 78/1 Merula, oslę.

eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in J. J. Quinn Minor Lat.-Old Eng. Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1956) 18 Merula, osle.

a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Cambr.) (1929) 711 (MED) En branche set le menue merle [glossed] osel [v.rr. hoselbrit, ooselbrid, oslebird, usel].

c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 24* (MED) Pardys plouer et merle, Partrik plouer and osele [glossed blacbrid].

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 187 (MED) Þe wesels be blak among vs; þere þey beeþ white.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 237 (MED) In toune as it longes Þe osul [L. merulus] twytereþ mery songes.

a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 18 (MED) Sperhaukes..moste haue tendere mete as Sparrous, eysoges, owsilles, and þresches, and oþer smale briddes.

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 86^v A Nosyll, quedam Auis, merulus, merula.

1492 tr. Dyalogus Salomon & Marcolphus sig. bii As the owsell whystelyth so answeryth the thrusshe.

1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 20 b Blacke byrdes or ousyls, amonge wylde fowle hath the chiefe prayse.

1594 R. Barnfield Affectionate Shepheard ii. x. sig. Ci Gins and wyles, the Oozels to beguile.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. i. 118 The Woosell cock, so blacke of hewe, With Orange tawny bill.

1632 R. Brome Northern Lasse iv. iv What an Owsell tis! shee meanes hee shall marry her for a Song.

1746 W. Thompson Hymn to May xxvii. 17 The ouzle sweetly shrill.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Gardener's Daughter in Poems (new ed.) II. 23 The mellow ouzel fluted in the elm.

1843 G. P. R. James Forest Days I. x. 190 It is difficult there to know a carrion crow from an ousel.

1875 Lanc. Gloss. Black-ousel, the blackbird.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 147/2 Uzzle, ussel, ouzel, or blackussel, the blackbird.

1952 R. S. Thomas Acre of Land 13 The ousel singing in the woods of Cilgwri, Tirelessly as a stream over the mossed stones.

1966 Jrnl. Lancs. Dial. Soc. Jan. 12 Children round Accrington sixty years ago believed that the male and female were separated species—the Black Ouzel and the Brown Ouzel.

1991 Guardian (Nexis) 8 Aug. ‘A black ousel!’ he [sc. the young D. H. Lawrence] would say. ‘There is such a thing. It's a blackbird. I looked ousel up.’

1994 A. Kellett Yorks. Dict. 192/2 Uzzle, blackbird.

b. The ring ouzel, Turdus torquatus (see ring ouzel n.). Also more fully (English regional) crag ouzel, mountain ouzel, rock ouzel, tor ouzel.The earlier quots. under sense 1a may have included this. In the following quots. it is distinguished from the blackbird or otherwise identified.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Turdus (thrush) > turdus torquatus (ring-ouzel)

ouzela1525

ring ouzel1673

heath-throstle1676

mountain ouzel1678

rock ouzel1678

amsela1705

tor ouzel1770

ring thrush1785

blackbird1802

Michaelmas blackbird1802

heath-thrush1804

ring blackbird1817

ringed thrush1817

moor blackbird1837

a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 713 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 117 The maviss and ye merle syngis Osillis and stirlingis.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 31 The maueis maid myrtht, for to mok the merle..the lyntquhit sang cuntirpoint quhen the osȝil ȝelpit.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. x. xxiv. 284 Ousles, Throstles, Blackbirds, and Stares,..depart aside from us, but goe not farre.

a1705 J. Ray Synopsis Avium & Piscium (1713) i. 65 Merula torquata, The Ring-Ouzel or Amzel.

1768 G. White Let. 8 Oct. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 57 The ousel is larger than a blackbird, and feeds on haws.

1772 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 62 266 The Royston Crow, and Rock Ouzel, furnish instances of such a regular migration.

1885 C. Swainson Provinc. Names Brit. Birds 8 Ring ouzel... So called from the white gorget on the bird's breast... Names given to it from the nature of its favourite haunts... Tor ouzel (Devon). Rock, or crag ouzel (Craven)... Mountain ouzel.

1992 Outdoor Action (BNC) Nov. 36 An RSPB survey show..ouzel numbers have crashed by 70% to just 18 pairs.

2001 Scotsman (Nexis) 12 May 17 He said he heard the first ouzel in mid-March, singing at 5 am during a snowstorm.

†c. In extended use: a person, probably one of dark hair or complexion. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > darkness > [noun] > person

brownetta1582

ouzel1600

tawny1660

brunet1671

brunette1709

brune1828

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 7 Sha. And how doth..your fairest daughter and mine, my god-daughter Ellen? Si. Alas, a blacke woosel [1623 Ouzell] .

1629 J. Ford Lovers Melancholy ii. 27 Rhet... What new Owzle's this? Tham... This stranger,..Deserues a deare respect.

2. Any of several birds thought to resemble the blackbird, esp. a dipper. Usually with distinguishing word. Now chiefly North American (applied to the North American dipper Cinclus mexicanus).brook, rose, rose-coloured, water ouzel: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > non-arboreal (larks, etc.) > [noun] > family Cinclidae > cinclus mexicanus

ouzel1611

water ouzel1622

water witch1709

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Mere des cailles, a Rayle; or, a brooke-Owsell.

1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. xviii. 194 This bird [sc. the rose-coloured starling] our Fowlers call, the Sea-Starling... To me it seems rather to be a kind of Ouzel [i.e. Merula] than Starling.

1869 Amer. Naturalist 3 32 I was surprised to find this Ouzel [sc. Cinclus mexicanus] scarce in the Rocky Mountains.

1874 J. A. Allen in E. Coues Birds N.W. 12 The American Ouzel (Cinclus mexicanus) is doubtless a frequent inhabitant of nearly all the mountain-streams of Colorado.

1950 Ecol. Monogr. 20 128/2 In western streams there are few dragonflies in the swifter parts preferred by ouzels.

1985 New Yorker 26 Aug. 67/2 The ouzel, or dipper, is truly an amazing bird.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ouzel
释义	ouzeln. Brit. /ˈuːzl/, U.S. /ˈuz(ə)l/ Forms: α. early Old English oslae, early Old English oslæ, Old English–early Middle English osle, Middle English hosel, Middle English nosul, Middle English nosyll, Middle English oosel, Middle English osel, Middle English osele, Middle English osil, Middle English osul, Middle English osulle, Middle English usel, Middle English–1500s osyll, Middle English–1500s owsill, Middle English–1600s owsell, 1500s oozel, 1500s osell, 1500s osill, 1500s ousil, 1500s ousyl, 1500s owsyl, 1500s owsyll, 1500s vssell, 1500s–1600s ousell, 1500s–1600s ouzell, 1500s–1700s owsel, 1500s– ousel, 1600s ousle, 1600s owsle, 1600s owzel, 1600s owzle, 1600s ozel, 1600s–1800s ouzle, 1600s– ouzel; English regional (northern) 1700s– oozle, 1700s– uzzle, 1800s ouizle, 1800s ouzell, 1800s– ussel; also Scottish pre-1700 osȝil, pre-1700 osil, pre-1700 osile, pre-1700 osill, 1800s ousel, 1900s– owsel; N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English osylle. β. Middle English wesel (perhaps transmission error), 1600s woosel, 1600s woosell. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Middle Low German amsel , amstel , Old High German amsla (Middle High German amsel , German Amsel ); further etymology unknown: perhaps ultimately cognate with classical Latin merula merle n.¹The Middle English forms nosul , nosyll show metanalysis (see N n.). 1. a. The (European) blackbird, Turdus merula. More fully (English regional) black ouzel. Now archaic and regional.Some of these quots. may refer to the ring ouzel (sense 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Turdus (thrush) > turdus merula (blackbird) ouzeleOE blackbirdc1350 merula1398 merle1483 black-mack1519 blackie1841 eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 36 Merula, oslae. eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 78/1 Merula, oslę. eOE Cleopatra Gloss. in J. J. Quinn Minor Lat.-Old Eng. Glossaries in MS Cotton Cleopatra A.III (Ph.D. diss., Stanford Univ.) (1956) 18 Merula, osle. a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Cambr.) (1929) 711 (MED) En branche set le menue merle [glossed] osel [v.rr. hoselbrit, ooselbrid, oslebird, usel]. c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 24* (MED) Pardys plouer et merle, Partrik plouer and osele [glossed blacbrid]. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 187 (MED) Þe wesels be blak among vs; þere þey beeþ white. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 237 (MED) In toune as it longes Þe osul [L. merulus] twytereþ mery songes. a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 18 (MED) Sperhaukes..moste haue tendere mete as Sparrous, eysoges, owsilles, and þresches, and oþer smale briddes. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 86^v A Nosyll, quedam Auis, merulus, merula. 1492 tr. Dyalogus Salomon & Marcolphus sig. bii As the owsell whystelyth so answeryth the thrusshe. 1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 20 b Blacke byrdes or ousyls, amonge wylde fowle hath the chiefe prayse. 1594 R. Barnfield Affectionate Shepheard ii. x. sig. Ci Gins and wyles, the Oozels to beguile. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. i. 118 The Woosell cock, so blacke of hewe, With Orange tawny bill. 1632 R. Brome Northern Lasse iv. iv What an Owsell tis! shee meanes hee shall marry her for a Song. 1746 W. Thompson Hymn to May xxvii. 17 The ouzle sweetly shrill. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Gardener's Daughter in Poems (new ed.) II. 23 The mellow ouzel fluted in the elm. 1843 G. P. R. James Forest Days I. x. 190 It is difficult there to know a carrion crow from an ousel. 1875 Lanc. Gloss. Black-ousel, the blackbird. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 147/2 Uzzle, ussel, ouzel, or blackussel, the blackbird. 1952 R. S. Thomas Acre of Land 13 The ousel singing in the woods of Cilgwri, Tirelessly as a stream over the mossed stones. 1966 Jrnl. Lancs. Dial. Soc. Jan. 12 Children round Accrington sixty years ago believed that the male and female were separated species—the Black Ouzel and the Brown Ouzel. 1991 Guardian (Nexis) 8 Aug. ‘A black ousel!’ he [sc. the young D. H. Lawrence] would say. ‘There is such a thing. It's a blackbird. I looked ousel up.’ 1994 A. Kellett Yorks. Dict. 192/2 Uzzle, blackbird. b. The ring ouzel, Turdus torquatus (see ring ouzel n.). Also more fully (English regional) crag ouzel, mountain ouzel, rock ouzel, tor ouzel.The earlier quots. under sense 1a may have included this. In the following quots. it is distinguished from the blackbird or otherwise identified. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Turdus (thrush) > turdus torquatus (ring-ouzel) ouzela1525 ring ouzel1673 heath-throstle1676 mountain ouzel1678 rock ouzel1678 amsela1705 tor ouzel1770 ring thrush1785 blackbird1802 Michaelmas blackbird1802 heath-thrush1804 ring blackbird1817 ringed thrush1817 moor blackbird1837 a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 713 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 117 The maviss and ye merle syngis Osillis and stirlingis. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 31 The maueis maid myrtht, for to mok the merle..the lyntquhit sang cuntirpoint quhen the osȝil ȝelpit. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. x. xxiv. 284 Ousles, Throstles, Blackbirds, and Stares,..depart aside from us, but goe not farre. a1705 J. Ray Synopsis Avium & Piscium (1713) i. 65 Merula torquata, The Ring-Ouzel or Amzel. 1768 G. White Let. 8 Oct. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 57 The ousel is larger than a blackbird, and feeds on haws. 1772 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 62 266 The Royston Crow, and Rock Ouzel, furnish instances of such a regular migration. 1885 C. Swainson Provinc. Names Brit. Birds 8 Ring ouzel... So called from the white gorget on the bird's breast... Names given to it from the nature of its favourite haunts... Tor ouzel (Devon). Rock, or crag ouzel (Craven)... Mountain ouzel. 1992 Outdoor Action (BNC) Nov. 36 An RSPB survey show..ouzel numbers have crashed by 70% to just 18 pairs. 2001 Scotsman (Nexis) 12 May 17 He said he heard the first ouzel in mid-March, singing at 5 am during a snowstorm. †c. In extended use: a person, probably one of dark hair or complexion. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > darkness > [noun] > person brownetta1582 ouzel1600 tawny1660 brunet1671 brunette1709 brune1828 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 7 Sha. And how doth..your fairest daughter and mine, my god-daughter Ellen? Si. Alas, a blacke woosel [1623 Ouzell] . View more context for this quotation 1629 J. Ford Lovers Melancholy ii. 27 Rhet... What new Owzle's this? Tham... This stranger,..Deserues a deare respect. 2. Any of several birds thought to resemble the blackbird, esp. a dipper. Usually with distinguishing word. Now chiefly North American (applied to the North American dipper Cinclus mexicanus).brook, rose, rose-coloured, water ouzel: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > non-arboreal (larks, etc.) > [noun] > family Cinclidae > cinclus mexicanus ouzel1611 water ouzel1622 water witch1709 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Mere des cailles, a Rayle; or, a brooke-Owsell. 1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. xviii. 194 This bird [sc. the rose-coloured starling] our Fowlers call, the Sea-Starling... To me it seems rather to be a kind of Ouzel [i.e. Merula] than Starling. 1869 Amer. Naturalist 3 32 I was surprised to find this Ouzel [sc. Cinclus mexicanus] scarce in the Rocky Mountains. 1874 J. A. Allen in E. Coues Birds N.W. 12 The American Ouzel (Cinclus mexicanus) is doubtless a frequent inhabitant of nearly all the mountain-streams of Colorado. 1950 Ecol. Monogr. 20 128/2 In western streams there are few dragonflies in the swifter parts preferred by ouzels. 1985 New Yorker 26 Aug. 67/2 The ouzel, or dipper, is truly an amazing bird. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.eOE
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