outliggern.¹

Brit.

/ˈaʊtlɪɡə/, U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌlɪɡər/

Forms:

α. Middle English outlygger, Middle English owtelygger, Middle English owtlegger, Middle English 1700s 1900s– outligger, 1500s outleger, 1600s–1700s outlager, 1700s outlayer, 1700s 1900s– outleager.

β. 1500s outlicar, 1600s outlooker, 1600s– outlicker, 1700s outleaker.

Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, ligger n.¹

Etymology: Probably < out- prefix + ligger n.¹ (compare forms at lie v.¹). Compare Dutch outlegger projecting construction at the bow of a ship (1671; also later as outligger), and also Middle Low German utligger, in the same sense in an isolated attestation.A derivation from Dutch has been suggested, but seems unlikely since the Dutch is much later in the related sense, and then refers consistently to projections from the bow, rather than the stern of the ship. Middle Dutch utelegger , Middle Low German utligger are attested earlier in the sense ‘(outlying) guard ship’. In sense 2, Dutch uitlegger is occasionally found in dictionaries from the 19th cent., but compare quot. 1697¹ at sense 2α. . The construction is described in Dutch works from c1600 without any name; in F. Valentijn Oud en Nieuw Oost Indien I. 2 (1724) it is called vlerk (i.e. ‘wing’); this term is also still current. In the course of the 18th cent., the English word began to be superseded by outrigger n., now the only current term.

Nautical. Now historical.

1. A spar projecting from a vessel to extend a sail, or to make a greater angle for a rope, etc.; esp.

a. a long, strong spar extended from the poop to haul down the mizen-sail.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > pole controlling position of sail > types of

portlof1432

outligger1481

bumkin?c1613

driver-boom1750

ringtail-boom1769

spanker-boom1813

swinging-boom1840

jackyard1862

whisker pole1954

wishbone1984

α.

1481–90 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 81 (MED) An out lygger, j tope mast.

1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 51 Outliggers..j, Bitakles..j, Pumps..ij.

1589 Voy. W. Towrson in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations i. 124 By the euill worke of his men the shippe fell aboorde of vs..and the shippes wailes were broken with her outleger.

1976 P. Kemp Oxf. Compan. Ships & Sea 620/2 Outlicker, outligger, or outleager, a short boom which was extended astern from the top of the poop in the older square-rigged ships.

β. 1599 N. Downton in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. ii. 200 Whereby the ship fell to the sterne of the out-licar of the Carack, which (being a piece of timber) so wounded her foresaile, that they sayd they could come no more to fight.a1625 H. Mainwaring Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. 2301) Ye Out-Licker. Is a small peece of timber (some two or three yardes long as they have occasion to vse it) and it is made fast to the top of the Poope and so standes right out asterne. [1644 H. Manwayring Sea-man's Dict. adds: ‘The use of this is to hale-downe the Missen’.]1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 29 Trie her with a crose jacke, bowse it vp with the outlooker.1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 511 Out-licker, a corruption of out-rigger.1976 P. Kemp Oxf. Compan. Ships & Sea 621/1 Most carracks and four-masted galleons fitted an outlicker.

†b. A spar to thrust out the breast-back-stays: = outrigger n. 2(c). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > spreader for shrouds > for breast-backstays

outligger1731

outrigger1768

1731 W. Wriglesworth MS Log-bk. of ‘Lyell’ 1 May This morning got outlickers out in the Tops, and the David out forward for a lower outlicker.

†2. A contrivance fixed to the side of a canoe or small boat to increase its stability under sail; = outrigger n. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > device to increase stability > outrigger

outligger1697

fargood1726

outrigger1748

α.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World x. 299 Along the belly-side of the Boat, parallel with it at about 6 or 7 foot distance, lies another..being a Log of very light Wood, almost as long as the great Boat,..and there are two Bamboas..by the help of which the little Boat is made firm and contiguous to the other. These are generally called by the Dutch, and by the English from them, Outlagers [1729 out-layers].

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xviii. 492 We had a good substantial Mast, and a mat Sail, and good Outlagers lasht very fast and firm on each side..made of strong poles.

1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies II. xxxviii. 71 Fitted them [sc. Canoaes] with Out-leagers to keep them from over-turning,..but in the Way one of the Boats lost her Out-leager, and drowned all her Crew.

1744 A. Dobbs Acct. Countries adjoining Hudson's Bay 68 To prevent even these Canoes from oversetting, by Outlagers or blown Bladders fixed to their Sides.

1755 T. Amory Mem. Ladies 407 This kind of boat is four foot broad,..the greatest danger is its oversetting, and this may always be prevented..by placing two men on the windward outlayer.

β. 1707 W. Funnell Voy. round World viii. 229 They had two long Poles put out of one side..at the end of which was a long piece of Plank..of the same shape, and about one fourth..of the bigness of the bottom of the Boat. This piece..altogether, is called the Out-leaker. This is always the Weather-side; and the use of it, is to keep the Boat from over-setting.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	outligger
释义	outliggern.¹ Brit. /ˈaʊtlɪɡə/, U.S. /ˈaʊtˌlɪɡər/ Forms: α. Middle English outlygger, Middle English owtelygger, Middle English owtlegger, Middle English 1700s 1900s– outligger, 1500s outleger, 1600s–1700s outlager, 1700s outlayer, 1700s 1900s– outleager. β. 1500s outlicar, 1600s outlooker, 1600s– outlicker, 1700s outleaker. Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, ligger n.¹ Etymology: Probably < out- prefix + ligger n.¹ (compare forms at lie v.¹). Compare Dutch outlegger projecting construction at the bow of a ship (1671; also later as outligger), and also Middle Low German utligger, in the same sense in an isolated attestation.A derivation from Dutch has been suggested, but seems unlikely since the Dutch is much later in the related sense, and then refers consistently to projections from the bow, rather than the stern of the ship. Middle Dutch utelegger , Middle Low German utligger are attested earlier in the sense ‘(outlying) guard ship’. In sense 2, Dutch uitlegger is occasionally found in dictionaries from the 19th cent., but compare quot. 1697¹ at sense 2α. . The construction is described in Dutch works from c1600 without any name; in F. Valentijn Oud en Nieuw Oost Indien I. 2 (1724) it is called vlerk (i.e. ‘wing’); this term is also still current. In the course of the 18th cent., the English word began to be superseded by outrigger n., now the only current term. Nautical. Now historical. 1. A spar projecting from a vessel to extend a sail, or to make a greater angle for a rope, etc.; esp. a. a long, strong spar extended from the poop to haul down the mizen-sail. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > pole controlling position of sail > types of portlof1432 outligger1481 bumkin?c1613 driver-boom1750 ringtail-boom1769 spanker-boom1813 swinging-boom1840 jackyard1862 whisker pole1954 wishbone1984 α. 1481–90 Naval Acct. in B. Sandahl Middle Eng. Sea Terms (1958) II. 81 (MED) An out lygger, j tope mast. 1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 51 Outliggers..j, Bitakles..j, Pumps..ij. 1589 Voy. W. Towrson in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations i. 124 By the euill worke of his men the shippe fell aboorde of vs..and the shippes wailes were broken with her outleger. 1976 P. Kemp Oxf. Compan. Ships & Sea 620/2 Outlicker, outligger, or outleager, a short boom which was extended astern from the top of the poop in the older square-rigged ships. β. 1599 N. Downton in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. ii. 200 Whereby the ship fell to the sterne of the out-licar of the Carack, which (being a piece of timber) so wounded her foresaile, that they sayd they could come no more to fight.a1625 H. Mainwaring Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. 2301) Ye Out-Licker. Is a small peece of timber (some two or three yardes long as they have occasion to vse it) and it is made fast to the top of the Poope and so standes right out asterne. [1644 H. Manwayring Sea-man's Dict. adds: ‘The use of this is to hale-downe the Missen’.]1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 29 Trie her with a crose jacke, bowse it vp with the outlooker.1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 511 Out-licker, a corruption of out-rigger.1976 P. Kemp Oxf. Compan. Ships & Sea 621/1 Most carracks and four-masted galleons fitted an outlicker. †b. A spar to thrust out the breast-back-stays: = outrigger n. 2(c). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > spar > [noun] > spreader for shrouds > for breast-backstays outligger1731 outrigger1768 1731 W. Wriglesworth MS Log-bk. of ‘Lyell’ 1 May This morning got outlickers out in the Tops, and the David out forward for a lower outlicker. †2. A contrivance fixed to the side of a canoe or small boat to increase its stability under sail; = outrigger n. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > device to increase stability > outrigger outligger1697 fargood1726 outrigger1748 α. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World x. 299 Along the belly-side of the Boat, parallel with it at about 6 or 7 foot distance, lies another..being a Log of very light Wood, almost as long as the great Boat,..and there are two Bamboas..by the help of which the little Boat is made firm and contiguous to the other. These are generally called by the Dutch, and by the English from them, Outlagers [1729 out-layers]. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xviii. 492 We had a good substantial Mast, and a mat Sail, and good Outlagers lasht very fast and firm on each side..made of strong poles. 1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies II. xxxviii. 71 Fitted them [sc. Canoaes] with Out-leagers to keep them from over-turning,..but in the Way one of the Boats lost her Out-leager, and drowned all her Crew. 1744 A. Dobbs Acct. Countries adjoining Hudson's Bay 68 To prevent even these Canoes from oversetting, by Outlagers or blown Bladders fixed to their Sides. 1755 T. Amory Mem. Ladies 407 This kind of boat is four foot broad,..the greatest danger is its oversetting, and this may always be prevented..by placing two men on the windward outlayer. β. 1707 W. Funnell Voy. round World viii. 229 They had two long Poles put out of one side..at the end of which was a long piece of Plank..of the same shape, and about one fourth..of the bigness of the bottom of the Boat. This piece..altogether, is called the Out-leaker. This is always the Weather-side; and the use of it, is to keep the Boat from over-setting. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † outliggern.² Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, ligger n.¹ Etymology: < out- prefix + ligger n.¹ Compare outligging adj. Agriculture. Obsolete. rare. A reaper who makes bands for the sheaves, and lays the corn in them for the binder. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > corn in sheaves > binder or band-maker binder?1611 outliggera1642 bandstera1794 sheaf-binder1866 roller1892 a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 51 An outligger carryeth but onely one loome to the fielde and that is..an outligginge rake or a gatheringe rake. a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 51 A good outligger is knowne by followinge close unto him that shee gathereth after, and likewise by makinge of her bandes, for some outliggers twine theire bandes and others againe make them of pulled corne. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.¹1481n.²a1642
随便看	rake it in rake of the rudder rake off rake out rake out a fire rake out hell rake over old coals rake over the coals rake shaft rake shank rake staff rake teeth rake tine rake wheel rake's progress rake-backed rake-comb rake-fetter rake-head rake-hook rake-kennel rake-lean rake-like rake-man rake-mould

outliggern.1

† outliggern.2

outliggern.¹

† outliggern.²