-ficationsuffix

Primary stress is attracted to the second syllable of this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Forms: Middle English -fficacion, Middle English -ffycacyoun, Middle English -ficacione, Middle English -ficacionne, Middle English -ficacioun, Middle English -ficaciun, Middle English -ficacyone, Middle English -ficacyoun, Middle English -fycacioun, Middle English -fycaciown, Middle English -fycacyoun, Middle English -fycasion, Middle English–1500s -ficacyon, Middle English–1500s -fycacion, Middle English–1500s -fycacyon, Middle English–1500s -fycatyon, Middle English–1600s -ficacion, Middle English– -fication, 1500s -ffycasyon, 1500s -ficatione, 1500s -ficatyon, 1500s -fycatyon, 1500s–1600s -fycation; Scottish pre-1700 -fecatione, pre-1700 -ficacion, pre-1700 -ficacione, pre-1700 -ficacioun, pre-1700 -ficacioune, pre-1700 -ficatioun, pre-1700 -ficatioune, pre-1700 -ficatiovn, pre-1700 -ficatiounn, pre-1700 -ficatyown, pre-1700 -ficatyowne, pre-1700 1700s -ficatione, pre-1700 1700s– -fication.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French -fication; Latin -ficātiō.

Etymology: < Middle French -fication and its etymon classical Latin -ficātiōn-, -ficātiō < -ficāt- , past participial stem of verbs in -ficāre (see -fy suffix.) + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -ation suffix. Many Latin words of this formation (chiefly post-classical) were adopted in French with their related verbs, the nouns in learned form with the suffix -fication , and the verbs in semi-popular form with the suffix -fier ; on the analogy of these many new formations with these suffixes arose in French. From the 14th cent. French verbs in -fier with their corresponding agent-nouns in -fication have been freely introduced into English, as purify v., purification n., sanctify v., sanctification n.

Representing Latin -ficātiōn-em, the regular formative of nouns of action (see -ation suffix) from verbs in -ficāre: see -fy suffix. The suffix -fication has become the recognized means of forming nouns of action corresponding to verbs in -fy, except such as represent Latin verbs in -facĕre (see -faction comb. form). In general, however, such nouns of action are (unless as mere nonce-words) formed only on assumable modern Latin types; but beautification has been in use since 17th cent., and words like Frenchification, transmogrification, uglification may occasionally be met with. In scientific language the suffix forms many nouns (some of which have no corresponding vb.); examples are acetification, acidification, chylification, dentification, ossification, etc.

ΚΠ

1799 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 85 Excuse the damned city-country-fication of that word [cottage].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	-fication
释义	-ficationsuffix Primary stress is attracted to the second syllable of this suffix and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Forms: Middle English -fficacion, Middle English -ffycacyoun, Middle English -ficacione, Middle English -ficacionne, Middle English -ficacioun, Middle English -ficaciun, Middle English -ficacyone, Middle English -ficacyoun, Middle English -fycacioun, Middle English -fycaciown, Middle English -fycacyoun, Middle English -fycasion, Middle English–1500s -ficacyon, Middle English–1500s -fycacion, Middle English–1500s -fycacyon, Middle English–1500s -fycatyon, Middle English–1600s -ficacion, Middle English– -fication, 1500s -ffycasyon, 1500s -ficatione, 1500s -ficatyon, 1500s -fycatyon, 1500s–1600s -fycation; Scottish pre-1700 -fecatione, pre-1700 -ficacion, pre-1700 -ficacione, pre-1700 -ficacioun, pre-1700 -ficacioune, pre-1700 -ficatioun, pre-1700 -ficatioune, pre-1700 -ficatiovn, pre-1700 -ficatiounn, pre-1700 -ficatyown, pre-1700 -ficatyowne, pre-1700 1700s -ficatione, pre-1700 1700s– -fication. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French -fication; Latin -ficātiō. Etymology: < Middle French -fication and its etymon classical Latin -ficātiōn-, -ficātiō < -ficāt- , past participial stem of verbs in -ficāre (see -fy suffix.) + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -ation suffix. Many Latin words of this formation (chiefly post-classical) were adopted in French with their related verbs, the nouns in learned form with the suffix -fication , and the verbs in semi-popular form with the suffix -fier ; on the analogy of these many new formations with these suffixes arose in French. From the 14th cent. French verbs in -fier with their corresponding agent-nouns in -fication have been freely introduced into English, as purify v., purification n., sanctify v., sanctification n. Representing Latin -ficātiōn-em, the regular formative of nouns of action (see -ation suffix) from verbs in -ficāre: see -fy suffix. The suffix -fication has become the recognized means of forming nouns of action corresponding to verbs in -fy, except such as represent Latin verbs in -facĕre (see -faction comb. form). In general, however, such nouns of action are (unless as mere nonce-words) formed only on assumable modern Latin types; but beautification has been in use since 17th cent., and words like Frenchification, transmogrification, uglification may occasionally be met with. In scientific language the suffix forms many nouns (some of which have no corresponding vb.); examples are acetification, acidification, chylification, dentification, ossification, etc. ΚΠ 1799 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 85 Excuse the damned city-country-fication of that word [cottage]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < suffix1799
随便看	this day, monday, monday was , etc fortnight this day, monday, monday was a, etc fortnight this earthly round this effect this ender day, night, year this evening this gallant this gate this gear cottons this globe this half this hanging this hinder day this hinder night this is it this is news to me this is news to me etc this is news to me her this is news to me him this is no nay this is none nay this is the life this is to say this is where we came in this kind of thing