† outrancen.

Forms: late Middle English outraunce, late Middle English outtraunce, late Middle English owtraunce, late Middle English 1600s outterance, late Middle English–1800s outrance, 1500s oultrance, 1500s oultraunce; also Scottish pre-1700 outtrance. N.E.D. (1904) also records forms late Middle English oultraunce, late Middle English ultrance.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French oultrance.

Etymology: < Middle French oultrance, outrance, French outrance going beyond bounds, excess, extremity (13th cent. in Old French) < oultrer , outrer to pass beyond, surpass, conquer, drive out of bounds or to extremity (c1160 (compare Occitan ultrar , Italian oltrare to go beyond); < oltre , outre beyond (c1100; compare Italian oltra ) < classical Latin ultrā ultra prep.) + -ance -ance suffix. Compare utterance n.², apparently originally a variant of the present word (see discussion at that entry).With at (the) outrance , to (the) outrance compare later à outrance adv. and forms discussed at that entry. With the phrase to fight to (also at) (the) outrance compare Middle French combatre a outrance (late 14th cent.). N.E.D. (1904) indicates the stress as ˈoutrance.

Obsolete (archaic and historical in later use).

The greatest degree; a degree which goes beyond bounds or measure; extremity. to (also unto) (the) outrance: to the utmost, to the bitter end, to the death. at outrance: at the last extremity. to fight to (also at) (the) outrance: to fight to the death. Cf. à outrance adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [phrase] > thoroughly or to the utmost

to the uttermostc1400

to (also unto) (the) outrancec1425

up to the hilt ( hilts)1598

(up) to the handle1824

to the hilt1950

society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > fight [verb (intransitive)] > fight to the end

to fight to (also at) (the) outrancec1425

society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [phrase] > to the end or the death

to (also unto) (the) outrancec1425

à outrance1837

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > the end [phrase] > at the last extremity

at outrancec1425

society > armed hostility > war > types of war > [adverb] > of war: to the death

à outrance1600

at outrance1819

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 4487 (MED) Þi malys..hast on hem kyd þi felle myȝt, Of þi rancour hooly þe outtraunce.

?a1430 T. Hoccleve Balade to Virgin & Christ l. 48 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 68 The feend me assaille, & haue at the outrance.

1466 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Soc. (1907) 22 602 (MED) xv frenshemen..have nowe late Chalengid xv English men to the outraunce.

a1500 (c1380) G. Chaucer Ballade on Womanly Noblesse 628 Wommanly noblesse Shulde nat desire for to do the outrance Ther as she fyndeth non unbuxumnesse.

1538 S. Gardiner Let. 12 Feb. in Lisle Papers (P.R.O.: SP 3/8/67) f. 93 This next sondaye ij gentlemen shall fight at oultrance before the King.

c1550 R. Bieston Bayte Fortune A vj But poore men to punishe vnto the oultrance.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 280 As if sword-fencers were brought within the lists to fight at outterance.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xix. ii. 125 They were so stiffely set to fight to the outrance.

a1671 R. Knevet Combate in Shorter Poems (1966) 372 No Missions wee can here procure, The combate must to th' outrance dure.

1755 T. Smollett in tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. ii. v. 69 (note) To fight the owner to extremity or outrance.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. ix. 153 The combat was understood to be at outrance.

1825 W. Hazlitt Spirit of Age 48 Establishing the fallacy (if fallacy it be) of an old popular prejudice that the Just and True were one, by ‘championing it to the Outrance’.

1876 T. W. Robertson Caste ii. 22 I received order of my prince to keep this gate, and this gate I will keep to the outrance!

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	outrance
释义	† outrancen. Forms: late Middle English outraunce, late Middle English outtraunce, late Middle English owtraunce, late Middle English 1600s outterance, late Middle English–1800s outrance, 1500s oultrance, 1500s oultraunce; also Scottish pre-1700 outtrance. N.E.D. (1904) also records forms late Middle English oultraunce, late Middle English ultrance. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French oultrance. Etymology: < Middle French oultrance, outrance, French outrance going beyond bounds, excess, extremity (13th cent. in Old French) < oultrer , outrer to pass beyond, surpass, conquer, drive out of bounds or to extremity (c1160 (compare Occitan ultrar , Italian oltrare to go beyond); < oltre , outre beyond (c1100; compare Italian oltra ) < classical Latin ultrā ultra prep.) + -ance -ance suffix. Compare utterance n.², apparently originally a variant of the present word (see discussion at that entry).With at (the) outrance , to (the) outrance compare later à outrance adv. and forms discussed at that entry. With the phrase to fight to (also at) (the) outrance compare Middle French combatre a outrance (late 14th cent.). N.E.D. (1904) indicates the stress as ˈoutrance. Obsolete (archaic and historical in later use). The greatest degree; a degree which goes beyond bounds or measure; extremity. to (also unto) (the) outrance: to the utmost, to the bitter end, to the death. at outrance: at the last extremity. to fight to (also at) (the) outrance: to fight to the death. Cf. à outrance adv. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [phrase] > thoroughly or to the utmost to the uttermostc1400 to (also unto) (the) outrancec1425 up to the hilt ( hilts)1598 (up) to the handle1824 to the hilt1950 society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > fight [verb (intransitive)] > fight to the end to fight to (also at) (the) outrancec1425 society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [phrase] > to the end or the death to (also unto) (the) outrancec1425 à outrance1837 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > the end [phrase] > at the last extremity at outrancec1425 society > armed hostility > war > types of war > [adverb] > of war: to the death à outrance1600 at outrance1819 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 4487 (MED) Þi malys..hast on hem kyd þi felle myȝt, Of þi rancour hooly þe outtraunce. ?a1430 T. Hoccleve Balade to Virgin & Christ l. 48 in Minor Poems (1970) i. 68 The feend me assaille, & haue at the outrance. 1466 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Soc. (1907) 22 602 (MED) xv frenshemen..have nowe late Chalengid xv English men to the outraunce. a1500 (c1380) G. Chaucer Ballade on Womanly Noblesse 628 Wommanly noblesse Shulde nat desire for to do the outrance Ther as she fyndeth non unbuxumnesse. 1538 S. Gardiner Let. 12 Feb. in Lisle Papers (P.R.O.: SP 3/8/67) f. 93 This next sondaye ij gentlemen shall fight at oultrance before the King. c1550 R. Bieston Bayte Fortune A vj But poore men to punishe vnto the oultrance. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 280 As if sword-fencers were brought within the lists to fight at outterance. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xix. ii. 125 They were so stiffely set to fight to the outrance. a1671 R. Knevet Combate in Shorter Poems (1966) 372 No Missions wee can here procure, The combate must to th' outrance dure. 1755 T. Smollett in tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. ii. v. 69 (note) To fight the owner to extremity or outrance. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. ix. 153 The combat was understood to be at outrance. 1825 W. Hazlitt Spirit of Age 48 Establishing the fallacy (if fallacy it be) of an old popular prejudice that the Just and True were one, by ‘championing it to the Outrance’. 1876 T. W. Robertson Caste ii. 22 I received order of my prince to keep this gate, and this gate I will keep to the outrance! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.c1425
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