outrunn.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtrʌn/, U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌrən/

Forms: see out- prefix and run n.²

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, run n.²

Etymology: < out- prefix + run n.² Compare earlier outrun v., outrunner n.², outrune n.In sense 4 after German Auslauf.

1. An outcome, a result. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [noun] > outcome or that which results

issuea1325

outcominga1382

conclusionc1384

endc1385

fruita1400

finec1405

termination?a1425

sumc1430

succession1514

sequel1524

game1530

success1537

event1539

pass1542

increase1560

outgate1568

exit1570

cropc1575

utmosta1586

upshoot1598

sequence1600

upshot1604

resultance1616

upshut1620

succedenta1633

apotelesm1636

come-off1640

conclude1643

prosult1647

offcome1666

resultant1692

outlet1710

period1713

outcome1788

outrun1801

outcome1808

upset1821

overcome1822

upping1828

summary1831

outgo1870

upcomec1874

out-turn1881

end-product1923

pay-off1926

wash-up1961

1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Proc. Parl. 34/1 A comparison of the revenues and charges of the year 1798–9 as estimated, and according to the actual out-run.

1910 J. Wanamaker in J. H. Appel Business Biogr. John Wanamaker (1930) p. viii Who can figure out the future of the outrun of what is still only in outline?

a. Chiefly Scottish and Australian. An outlying or distant piece of grazing land on a farm; outlying pasturage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > grassland > [noun] > pasture > other types of pasture

fritha1552

bruery1573

agistment1598

mountain1780

zuur-veldt1785

boosey pasture1794

rough grazing1802

outrun1870

1870 K. Murray in Trans. Highland & Agric. Soc. 12 (1880) 20 The hill sheep used to have outruns of heather or other coarse pasture.

1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer vi. 47 They'd come off a very far out-run.

1895 Daily News 3 Apr. 5/4 More attention is being paid to cultivation, to rotation of crops, to reclamation of outruns.

1911 A. Searey By Flood & Field xlii. 282 The McArthur River Station, at the head of Kilgour Creek, had an outrun about eighty miles distant, in charge of a stockman named McDonald.

1955 D. D. C. P. Mould Irish Pilgrimage ii. 7 The heathered hills provided and still provide a good outrun of rough grazing for cattle and sheep.

1997 Countryman Spring 149 ‘Crofts’, so-called for the Gaelic word croit, meaning a small area of enclosed land, with no outrun for the grazing of cattle which for long had been the mainstay of the Highland economy.

b. Scottish. The enclosed arable land belonging to a croft, as opposed to common pastureland.

ΚΠ

1898 Shetland News 3 Dec. 5/2 The ‘outrun’, or enclosed arable land which surrounds the homestead, and over which each crofter has exclusive rights.

1978 A. Fenton Island Blackhouse 49 The croft had only 0.4 ha of outrun.

3. The act or fact of running out; spec. the outward run of a sheepdog to gather sheep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > running out

outrun1884

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > actions of

eye1933

legging1933

outrun1938

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > [noun] > sheep herding > action of sheep-dog

penning1886

cast1933

fetch1938

outrun1938

lift1942

1884 American 8 308 To check the outrun of this.

1921 Kelso Chron. 12 Aug. 2 No. 16 was Fan, a nice stamp of a working collie. Her outrun was up to the mark.

1938 J. H. McCulloch Sheep Dogs iv. 35 (heading) Course [for qualifying trials]:..Gathering—400 yards. In outrun, dog may be directed on either side.

1955 Galloway Gaz. 1 Oct. 6 His dog ‘Garry’ won the Rosebowl for the best outrun and lift.

1982 E. Halsall Sheepdog Trials i. 14 The whole trial from outrun to finish had to be completed within thirty minutes.

4. Skiing. A level stretch at the foot of a ski run.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skiing > [noun] > ski-jumping > bottom end of run

outrun1913

1913 F. H. Harris Dartmouth out o' Doors 101 The ‘out-run’—the level stretch at the foot of the hill on which the jumpers check their speed.

1957 Encycl. Brit. XX. 749/2 He leans far forward over the points of his skis with arms outstretched, planing his body to increase his distance, lands with a slight give to his knees and speeds onto the outrun.

1963 Amer. Speech 38 206 Out run, in general, the bottom end of a ski run. In ski-jumping, the distance between the take-off and the landing point.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XVI. 836/2 After the slope levels off, the jumper stops by turning on the outrun.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

outrunv.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrʌn/, U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈrən/

Inflections: Past tense outran; past participle outrun;

Forms: see out- prefix and run v.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, run v.

Etymology: < out- prefix + run v. With sense 1 compare to run out (see run v.), and also Middle Dutch uterinnen, Middle High German ūzrinnen (German ausrinnen), Old Swedish utrinna (Swedish utrinna), Danish udrinde (16th cent.); also Old Frisian ūtrenna, Middle High German (rare) ūtrennen (German †ausrennen).

a. intransitive. To run out; to flow out. Also figurative. Now poetic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > out or escape

outruneOE

to run outeOE

avoid1483

extravasate1677

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xvii. 198 Þonne se swile tobyrst þonne bið seo micge lyswen swilce worms, gif he utyrnð þonne biþ þæt sar læsse.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) ii. 38 Wið þon þe man þurh hys argang blode ut yrne [?a1200 Harl. 6258B ut ryne].

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 2242 (MED) So harde leid he þer-on is onde þat sone þe lye out rende, & in-to ys berd sone it sprong & o syde þer-of hit brende.

c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2635 The ialous strokes on hir helmes byte; Out renneth blood on bothe hir sydes rede.

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 5297 (MED) Þe croun of thornes..was thrested On his heved fast, þat þe blode out rane.

a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 3866 (MED) This tame Tygre..Into the felde wildly out ran.

a1450 Late Middle Eng. Treat. on Horses (1978) 119 Þou moste schaue it aboute þe corn oþer þe swellynge, & þen schalt þou garce it with many smale pikes meneliche depe, þat þe brused blod may out ren.

a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 2743 (MED) Whanne..al þe blood is out renninge, So wexiþ the soule a feble þinge.

1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. cccl^v The Margarite is a lytel whyte perle... It is nedeful and noble in staunchyng of bloode, there els to moche wolde out ren.

1569 B. Googe Shippe of Safegarde l. 500 Good Moyses olde..Of whom a fame through all the world out ran.

1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 135 Hurryin' frae their doors [they] Out-ran in thousands to the Scores.

a1883 E. FitzGerald Agamemnon (1903) 338 The blood of Atreus is not all outrun With this slain King, but flowing in a son.

1916 C. M. Doughty Titans iii. 81 All on flint floor They tread, that hollow is, like to pan of ice; Wherefrom the water is outrun beneath.

†b. intransitive. Chiefly Scottish. Of a period or measure of time: to come to an end, run its course. Of a contract, lease, etc.: to expire. Obsolete.In quot. a1657 with reference to an hourglass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > spend time [verb (intransitive)] > expire or run out

to run outa1400

outrunc1425

to pass by1488

to draw by1850

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 1217 (MED) He..list..to don his dilligence Til þe trews fully wern oute ronne And þe werris new ageyn be-gonne.

1457 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 47/2 Efter that the saide ȝer be outrunyn.

1501 in J. A. Clyde Acta Dominorum Concilii (1943) 31 Considering that the termes of the sade assedacione war bigain and owtrunnyn.

1550 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 108 The xx^ty dayis..being outrunin.

1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie xliv Spiders begun: To reise rentes before: as leases did out run.

1566 J. Partridge Notable Hyst. Astianax & Polixena sig. A.iiii^v While all these things in Troian lande, were thus commit and done: Dauphebus in the Zodiacke, had more than halfe outrunne.

1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Recognition Vntill zeire and daie be out-run.

a1657 W. Mure Misc. Poems in Wks. (1898) I. xxi. 71 Long may thy subjects, ere thy glasse outrunne, Enjoy the light of thee, their glorious Sunne.

1658 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 405 That such maried officiares..quha sall lack houssis..and beis removed before the tym outrun they tak the saides houssis..the towne is to [etc.].

a. transitive. To outdo in running; to run faster or further than. Also: to leave behind by greater speed; to escape, elude.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind by superior speed

outrunc1460

to show (a person) a (clean or fair) pair of heels (also one's heels)1595

to have (also get) the heels of1649

to throw out1682

distance1691

to throw off1695

lose1709

to gain ground of1719

to gain from1805

the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip > by running

of-runOE

overruna1425

outrunc1460

fore-run1513

to have (also get) the heels of1649

to have the legs of (also on)1861

to give a stone and a beating to1885

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)] > contrive to escape or evade

fleec1175

shunc1275

forgoc1305

passc1330

escapea1340

beglidea1350

voidc1380

shuntc1400

missa1522

evade1535

delude1536

to dally out1548

illude1553

prevent1598

outruna1616

to fail of1624

elude1634

subterfugea1643

shoot1685

shift1724

to get out of ——a1817

win by…1816

c1460 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Harl. 1239) (1895) iv. 1456 Men may the wyse oute-Renne, but not oute-Ryde.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xx. f. cl^v They ranne bothe to gether, and that other disciple did out runne Peter, and cam fyrst to the sepulcre.

1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. Eiij When thou hast on foote the purblind hare, Marke..How he outruns the wind.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. i. 166 If these men haue defeated the Law, and outrunne Natiue punishment.

a1649 W. Drummond Poems (1656) 147 To pierce the Mountaine-Wolfe with feather'd Dart;..Out-run the wind-out-running Dædale Hare.

1711 London Gaz. No. 4887/3 We chased them till Ten..they out-running us so very much, that [etc.].

1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 78 He could outrun the rein-deer, and outbound the antelope.

1834 W. G. Simms Guy Rivers I. viii. 102 Six feet in stocking-foot, sound in wind and limb—could outrun, outjump..and outdo anyhow, any lad of my inches in the whole district.

1858 E. H. Sears Athanasia ii. ii. 188 John outruns the sturdy Peter.

1906 J. London White Fang v. ii. 284 Collie blocked White Fang's way. He tried to outrun her by leaving the drive and circling across the lawn.

1947 R. Bedichek Adventures with Texas Naturalist xiii. 158 Oblivious to the fact that the automobile is tied to the pavement, this fleet hare undertakes to outrun it straightaway.

1990 Sun (Brisbane) 12 Nov. 13/5 She took flight and nearly outran one [gentleman] who had a gammy knee.

b. transitive. figurative. To outstrip or get ahead of (another).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > advance (a proceeding) from previous stage [verb (transitive)] > make more progress than

outrun1575

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)]

overstyeOE

overshinec1175

overgoc1225

passc1225

surmountc1369

forpassc1374

overmatcha1375

overpassa1382

to pass overa1393

overcomec1400

outpass?a1425

exceedc1425

precedec1425

superexcelc1429

transcendc1430

precel?a1439

outcut1447

overgrowc1475

to come over ——a1479

excel1493

overleapa1500

vanquish1533

outweigh1534

prevent1540

better1548

preferc1550

outgo1553

surpassa1555

exsuperate1559

cote1566

overtop1567

outrun1575

outstrip1579

outsail1580

overruna1586

pre-excel1587

outbid1589

outbrave1589

out-cote1589

top1590

outmatch1593

outvie1594

superate1595

surbravec1600

oversile1608

over-height1611

overstride1614

outdoa1616

outlustrea1616

outpeera1616

outstrikea1616

outrival1622

antecede1624

out-top1624

antecell1625

out-pitch1627

over-merit1629

outblazea1634

surmatch1636

overdoa1640

overact1643

outact1644

worst1646

overspana1657

outsoar1674

outdazzle1691

to cut down1713

ding1724

to cut out1738

cap1821

by-pass1848

overtower1850

pretergress1851

outray1876

outreach1879

cut1884

outperform1937

outrate1955

one-up1963

1575 G. Gascoigne Ferdinando Ieronomi & Leonora de Valasco 22 It is but fame that outruns all, and gets the goal I weene.

a1593 C. Marlowe Edward II (1594) sig. H ‘How say yong Prince, what thinke you of the match?’ ‘I thinke king Edward will out run vs all.’

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) i. ii. 14 By giuing the House of Lancaster leaue to breathe, It will out-runne you, Father, in the end.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 39 Our forward young men out-run their years.

1726 T. Southerne Money the Mistress iii. i. 31 We may out-run Consequences for a time, but they will come up with us in the end.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. xi. 278 The increase of stock and the improvement of land are two events..of which the one can no where much out-run the other.

1798 M. Wollstonecraft Maria I. iv To Darnford she had not shown a decided affection; the fear of outrunning his, a sure proof of love, made her often assume a coldness.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. viii. 347 The zeal of the flocks outran that of the pastors.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 232 The power of analysis had outrun the means of knowledge.

1946 Fortune Aug. 94/2 Though many of [these instruments]..reached an ingenuity and complexity that outruns even the latest equipment, they were not in the continuous-flow line.

1992 New Builder 13 Feb. 21 (advt.) The..comparison between proprietary plasterboards and Fermacell gypsum-fibreboards... Or why we're outrunning the competition.

3. transitive. figurative. To run beyond the fixed limit or point of; to go beyond or exceed (a circumscribed thing) in action.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > go beyond (bounds)

transcenda1340

exceedc1374

overwenda1375

overpassa1382

passc1390

to pass beyond ——1429

outreacha1568

overlash1581

pretergress1583

outrun1589

overslipa1592

surpass1592

to step over ——1599

outstep?1611

outstrip1612

overrun1612

outpass1635

pose1636

over-burst1856

overact1858

overstride1925

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > rush out

outfling?c1450

bolta1522

breakc1540

outrush1563

expire1626

outrun1819

1589 Mar-Martine 5 For men of litrature t'endite so fast, them doth not sitte, Enaunter in them, as in thee, thair pen outrun thair witt.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. xi. 168 Those who formerly had out-runne the Canons with their additionall conformitie.

1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing vii. 67 They must needs transcend, and out-run our faculties.

1725 J. Glanvill tr. Horace in Poems 200 Drink Man, nor let extended Hopes outrun Poor Human Life's contracted Space.

1747 G. G. Beekman Let. 17 Mar. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 17 Being young and frolicksom I believe he has out Run his fortune.

a1797 H. Walpole Mem. George II (1847) III. i. 6 In general, his friends outran his intentions.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. iii. 62 Silence, maiden; thy tongue outruns thy discretion.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets i. 10 The poet's imagination had probably outrun the fact.

1918 W. Cather My Ántonia ii. xiii. 262 Tony was breathing hard, as she always did when her feelings outran her language.

1937 Dict. National Biogr. 1922–30 at Alexandra Caroline Mary Charlotte Louise Julia A malicious rumour spread that the Prince and Princess of Wales had outrun their income.

1991 Classical Q. New Ser. 41 284 Laughter..has an intrinsic capacity to breach limits imposed upon it, or to outrun a permitted field of play.

†4. transitive. To run to the end of; to exhaust, use up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)]

overdoOE

adreeOE

wreaka1300

to draw forthc1300

dispend1340

pass1340

drivea1375

wastec1381

occupyc1384

overpassa1387

to pass over ——a1393

usec1400

spend1423

contrive?a1475

overdrive1487

consumea1500

to pass forth1509

to drive off1517

lead1523

to ride out1529

to wear out, forth1530

to pass away?1550

to put offc1550

shiftc1562

to tire out1563

wear1567

to drive out1570

entertainc1570

expire1589

tire1589

outwear1590

to see out1590

outrun1592

outgo1595

overshoot1597

to pass out1603

fleeta1616

elapse1654

term1654

trickle1657

to put over1679

absorb1686

spin1696

exercise1711

kill1728

to get through ——1748

to get over ——1751

tickc1870

fill1875

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to waste away > wear away or down > wear out > specific clothes and the like

overwear1415

wastec1480

outrun1592

1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 106 My latest time was doon, My oyle all spent, and hastie course out run.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. ix. 302/2 Ethelrik..hauing outrun his youth in pernicious obscuritie, attained in his old yeeres to the gouernment of both the Prouinces.

1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron II. vii. v. f. 34 Thus she resolued to outrun the rest of her wearisome dayes.

1687 London Gaz. No. 2276/5 The Spahi's having out-run all their Equipage, would not be in a condition of Service.

5. transitive to outrun the constable: see constable n. 6.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	outrun
释义	outrunn. Brit. /ˈaʊtrʌn/, U.S. /ˈaʊtˌrən/ Forms: see out- prefix and run n.² Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, run n.² Etymology: < out- prefix + run n.² Compare earlier outrun v., outrunner n.², outrune n.In sense 4 after German Auslauf. 1. An outcome, a result. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [noun] > outcome or that which results issuea1325 outcominga1382 conclusionc1384 endc1385 fruita1400 finec1405 termination?a1425 sumc1430 succession1514 sequel1524 game1530 success1537 event1539 pass1542 increase1560 outgate1568 exit1570 cropc1575 utmosta1586 upshoot1598 sequence1600 upshot1604 resultance1616 upshut1620 succedenta1633 apotelesm1636 come-off1640 conclude1643 prosult1647 offcome1666 resultant1692 outlet1710 period1713 outcome1788 outrun1801 outcome1808 upset1821 overcome1822 upping1828 summary1831 outgo1870 upcomec1874 out-turn1881 end-product1923 pay-off1926 wash-up1961 1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Proc. Parl. 34/1 A comparison of the revenues and charges of the year 1798–9 as estimated, and according to the actual out-run. 1910 J. Wanamaker in J. H. Appel Business Biogr. John Wanamaker (1930) p. viii Who can figure out the future of the outrun of what is still only in outline? 2. a. Chiefly Scottish and Australian. An outlying or distant piece of grazing land on a farm; outlying pasturage. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > grassland > [noun] > pasture > other types of pasture fritha1552 bruery1573 agistment1598 mountain1780 zuur-veldt1785 boosey pasture1794 rough grazing1802 outrun1870 1870 K. Murray in Trans. Highland & Agric. Soc. 12 (1880) 20 The hill sheep used to have outruns of heather or other coarse pasture. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer vi. 47 They'd come off a very far out-run. 1895 Daily News 3 Apr. 5/4 More attention is being paid to cultivation, to rotation of crops, to reclamation of outruns. 1911 A. Searey By Flood & Field xlii. 282 The McArthur River Station, at the head of Kilgour Creek, had an outrun about eighty miles distant, in charge of a stockman named McDonald. 1955 D. D. C. P. Mould Irish Pilgrimage ii. 7 The heathered hills provided and still provide a good outrun of rough grazing for cattle and sheep. 1997 Countryman Spring 149 ‘Crofts’, so-called for the Gaelic word croit, meaning a small area of enclosed land, with no outrun for the grazing of cattle which for long had been the mainstay of the Highland economy. b. Scottish. The enclosed arable land belonging to a croft, as opposed to common pastureland. ΚΠ 1898 Shetland News 3 Dec. 5/2 The ‘outrun’, or enclosed arable land which surrounds the homestead, and over which each crofter has exclusive rights. 1978 A. Fenton Island Blackhouse 49 The croft had only 0.4 ha of outrun. 3. The act or fact of running out; spec. the outward run of a sheepdog to gather sheep. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > running out outrun1884 the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Canidae > sheepdog > [noun] > actions of eye1933 legging1933 outrun1938 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > [noun] > sheep herding > action of sheep-dog penning1886 cast1933 fetch1938 outrun1938 lift1942 1884 American 8 308 To check the outrun of this. 1921 Kelso Chron. 12 Aug. 2 No. 16 was Fan, a nice stamp of a working collie. Her outrun was up to the mark. 1938 J. H. McCulloch Sheep Dogs iv. 35 (heading) Course [for qualifying trials]:..Gathering—400 yards. In outrun, dog may be directed on either side. 1955 Galloway Gaz. 1 Oct. 6 His dog ‘Garry’ won the Rosebowl for the best outrun and lift. 1982 E. Halsall Sheepdog Trials i. 14 The whole trial from outrun to finish had to be completed within thirty minutes. 4. Skiing. A level stretch at the foot of a ski run. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skiing > [noun] > ski-jumping > bottom end of run outrun1913 1913 F. H. Harris Dartmouth out o' Doors 101 The ‘out-run’—the level stretch at the foot of the hill on which the jumpers check their speed. 1957 Encycl. Brit. XX. 749/2 He leans far forward over the points of his skis with arms outstretched, planing his body to increase his distance, lands with a slight give to his knees and speeds onto the outrun. 1963 Amer. Speech 38 206 Out run, in general, the bottom end of a ski run. In ski-jumping, the distance between the take-off and the landing point. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XVI. 836/2 After the slope levels off, the jumper stops by turning on the outrun. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). outrunv. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrʌn/, U.S. /ˌaʊtˈrən/ Inflections: Past tense outran; past participle outrun; Forms: see out- prefix and run v. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, run v. Etymology: < out- prefix + run v. With sense 1 compare to run out (see run v.), and also Middle Dutch uterinnen, Middle High German ūzrinnen (German ausrinnen), Old Swedish utrinna (Swedish utrinna), Danish udrinde (16th cent.); also Old Frisian ūtrenna, Middle High German (rare) ūtrennen (German †ausrennen). 1. a. intransitive. To run out; to flow out. Also figurative. Now poetic and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > out or escape outruneOE to run outeOE avoid1483 extravasate1677 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xvii. 198 Þonne se swile tobyrst þonne bið seo micge lyswen swilce worms, gif he utyrnð þonne biþ þæt sar læsse. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) ii. 38 Wið þon þe man þurh hys argang blode ut yrne [?a1200 Harl. 6258B ut ryne]. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 2242 (MED) So harde leid he þer-on is onde þat sone þe lye out rende, & in-to ys berd sone it sprong & o syde þer-of hit brende. c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2635 The ialous strokes on hir helmes byte; Out renneth blood on bothe hir sydes rede. a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 5297 (MED) Þe croun of thornes..was thrested On his heved fast, þat þe blode out rane. a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 3866 (MED) This tame Tygre..Into the felde wildly out ran. a1450 Late Middle Eng. Treat. on Horses (1978) 119 Þou moste schaue it aboute þe corn oþer þe swellynge, & þen schalt þou garce it with many smale pikes meneliche depe, þat þe brused blod may out ren. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 2743 (MED) Whanne..al þe blood is out renninge, So wexiþ the soule a feble þinge. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. cccl^v The Margarite is a lytel whyte perle... It is nedeful and noble in staunchyng of bloode, there els to moche wolde out ren. 1569 B. Googe Shippe of Safegarde l. 500 Good Moyses olde..Of whom a fame through all the world out ran. 1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 135 Hurryin' frae their doors [they] Out-ran in thousands to the Scores. a1883 E. FitzGerald Agamemnon (1903) 338 The blood of Atreus is not all outrun With this slain King, but flowing in a son. 1916 C. M. Doughty Titans iii. 81 All on flint floor They tread, that hollow is, like to pan of ice; Wherefrom the water is outrun beneath. †b. intransitive. Chiefly Scottish. Of a period or measure of time: to come to an end, run its course. Of a contract, lease, etc.: to expire. Obsolete.In quot. a1657 with reference to an hourglass. ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > spend time [verb (intransitive)] > expire or run out to run outa1400 outrunc1425 to pass by1488 to draw by1850 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 1217 (MED) He..list..to don his dilligence Til þe trews fully wern oute ronne And þe werris new ageyn be-gonne. 1457 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 47/2 Efter that the saide ȝer be outrunyn. 1501 in J. A. Clyde Acta Dominorum Concilii (1943) 31 Considering that the termes of the sade assedacione war bigain and owtrunnyn. 1550 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 108 The xx^ty dayis..being outrunin. 1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie xliv Spiders begun: To reise rentes before: as leases did out run. 1566 J. Partridge Notable Hyst. Astianax & Polixena sig. A.iiii^v While all these things in Troian lande, were thus commit and done: Dauphebus in the Zodiacke, had more than halfe outrunne. 1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Recognition Vntill zeire and daie be out-run. a1657 W. Mure Misc. Poems in Wks. (1898) I. xxi. 71 Long may thy subjects, ere thy glasse outrunne, Enjoy the light of thee, their glorious Sunne. 1658 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 405 That such maried officiares..quha sall lack houssis..and beis removed before the tym outrun they tak the saides houssis..the towne is to [etc.]. 2. a. transitive. To outdo in running; to run faster or further than. Also: to leave behind by greater speed; to escape, elude. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away from [verb (transitive)] > leave behind by superior speed outrunc1460 to show (a person) a (clean or fair) pair of heels (also one's heels)1595 to have (also get) the heels of1649 to throw out1682 distance1691 to throw off1695 lose1709 to gain ground of1719 to gain from1805 the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip > by running of-runOE overruna1425 outrunc1460 fore-run1513 to have (also get) the heels of1649 to have the legs of (also on)1861 to give a stone and a beating to1885 the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)] > contrive to escape or evade fleec1175 shunc1275 forgoc1305 passc1330 escapea1340 beglidea1350 voidc1380 shuntc1400 missa1522 evade1535 delude1536 to dally out1548 illude1553 prevent1598 outruna1616 to fail of1624 elude1634 subterfugea1643 shoot1685 shift1724 to get out of ——a1817 win by…1816 c1460 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Harl. 1239) (1895) iv. 1456 Men may the wyse oute-Renne, but not oute-Ryde. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xx. f. cl^v They ranne bothe to gether, and that other disciple did out runne Peter, and cam fyrst to the sepulcre. 1594 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis (new ed.) sig. Eiij When thou hast on foote the purblind hare, Marke..How he outruns the wind. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. i. 166 If these men haue defeated the Law, and outrunne Natiue punishment. View more context for this quotation a1649 W. Drummond Poems (1656) 147 To pierce the Mountaine-Wolfe with feather'd Dart;..Out-run the wind-out-running Dædale Hare. 1711 London Gaz. No. 4887/3 We chased them till Ten..they out-running us so very much, that [etc.]. 1769 H. Brooke Fool of Quality IV. xvii. 78 He could outrun the rein-deer, and outbound the antelope. 1834 W. G. Simms Guy Rivers I. viii. 102 Six feet in stocking-foot, sound in wind and limb—could outrun, outjump..and outdo anyhow, any lad of my inches in the whole district. 1858 E. H. Sears Athanasia ii. ii. 188 John outruns the sturdy Peter. 1906 J. London White Fang v. ii. 284 Collie blocked White Fang's way. He tried to outrun her by leaving the drive and circling across the lawn. 1947 R. Bedichek Adventures with Texas Naturalist xiii. 158 Oblivious to the fact that the automobile is tied to the pavement, this fleet hare undertakes to outrun it straightaway. 1990 Sun (Brisbane) 12 Nov. 13/5 She took flight and nearly outran one [gentleman] who had a gammy knee. b. transitive. figurative. To outstrip or get ahead of (another). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > advance (a proceeding) from previous stage [verb (transitive)] > make more progress than outrun1575 the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] overstyeOE overshinec1175 overgoc1225 passc1225 surmountc1369 forpassc1374 overmatcha1375 overpassa1382 to pass overa1393 overcomec1400 outpass?a1425 exceedc1425 precedec1425 superexcelc1429 transcendc1430 precel?a1439 outcut1447 overgrowc1475 to come over ——a1479 excel1493 overleapa1500 vanquish1533 outweigh1534 prevent1540 better1548 preferc1550 outgo1553 surpassa1555 exsuperate1559 cote1566 overtop1567 outrun1575 outstrip1579 outsail1580 overruna1586 pre-excel1587 outbid1589 outbrave1589 out-cote1589 top1590 outmatch1593 outvie1594 superate1595 surbravec1600 oversile1608 over-height1611 overstride1614 outdoa1616 outlustrea1616 outpeera1616 outstrikea1616 outrival1622 antecede1624 out-top1624 antecell1625 out-pitch1627 over-merit1629 outblazea1634 surmatch1636 overdoa1640 overact1643 outact1644 worst1646 overspana1657 outsoar1674 outdazzle1691 to cut down1713 ding1724 to cut out1738 cap1821 by-pass1848 overtower1850 pretergress1851 outray1876 outreach1879 cut1884 outperform1937 outrate1955 one-up1963 1575 G. Gascoigne Ferdinando Ieronomi & Leonora de Valasco 22 It is but fame that outruns all, and gets the goal I weene. a1593 C. Marlowe Edward II (1594) sig. H ‘How say yong Prince, what thinke you of the match?’ ‘I thinke king Edward will out run vs all.’ a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) i. ii. 14 By giuing the House of Lancaster leaue to breathe, It will out-runne you, Father, in the end. View more context for this quotation a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 39 Our forward young men out-run their years. 1726 T. Southerne Money the Mistress iii. i. 31 We may out-run Consequences for a time, but they will come up with us in the end. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. xi. 278 The increase of stock and the improvement of land are two events..of which the one can no where much out-run the other. View more context for this quotation 1798 M. Wollstonecraft Maria I. iv To Darnford she had not shown a decided affection; the fear of outrunning his, a sure proof of love, made her often assume a coldness. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. viii. 347 The zeal of the flocks outran that of the pastors. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 232 The power of analysis had outrun the means of knowledge. 1946 Fortune Aug. 94/2 Though many of [these instruments]..reached an ingenuity and complexity that outruns even the latest equipment, they were not in the continuous-flow line. 1992 New Builder 13 Feb. 21 (advt.) The..comparison between proprietary plasterboards and Fermacell gypsum-fibreboards... Or why we're outrunning the competition. 3. transitive. figurative. To run beyond the fixed limit or point of; to go beyond or exceed (a circumscribed thing) in action. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)] > go beyond (bounds) transcenda1340 exceedc1374 overwenda1375 overpassa1382 passc1390 to pass beyond ——1429 outreacha1568 overlash1581 pretergress1583 outrun1589 overslipa1592 surpass1592 to step over ——1599 outstep?1611 outstrip1612 overrun1612 outpass1635 pose1636 over-burst1856 overact1858 overstride1925 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > rush out outfling?c1450 bolta1522 breakc1540 outrush1563 expire1626 outrun1819 1589 Mar-Martine 5 For men of litrature t'endite so fast, them doth not sitte, Enaunter in them, as in thee, thair pen outrun thair witt. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. xi. 168 Those who formerly had out-runne the Canons with their additionall conformitie. 1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing vii. 67 They must needs transcend, and out-run our faculties. 1725 J. Glanvill tr. Horace in Poems 200 Drink Man, nor let extended Hopes outrun Poor Human Life's contracted Space. 1747 G. G. Beekman Let. 17 Mar. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 17 Being young and frolicksom I believe he has out Run his fortune. a1797 H. Walpole Mem. George II (1847) III. i. 6 In general, his friends outran his intentions. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. iii. 62 Silence, maiden; thy tongue outruns thy discretion. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets i. 10 The poet's imagination had probably outrun the fact. 1918 W. Cather My Ántonia ii. xiii. 262 Tony was breathing hard, as she always did when her feelings outran her language. 1937 Dict. National Biogr. 1922–30 at Alexandra Caroline Mary Charlotte Louise Julia A malicious rumour spread that the Prince and Princess of Wales had outrun their income. 1991 Classical Q. New Ser. 41 284 Laughter..has an intrinsic capacity to breach limits imposed upon it, or to outrun a permitted field of play. †4. transitive. To run to the end of; to exhaust, use up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > spending time > spend time or allow time to pass [verb (transitive)] overdoOE adreeOE wreaka1300 to draw forthc1300 dispend1340 pass1340 drivea1375 wastec1381 occupyc1384 overpassa1387 to pass over ——a1393 usec1400 spend1423 contrive?a1475 overdrive1487 consumea1500 to pass forth1509 to drive off1517 lead1523 to ride out1529 to wear out, forth1530 to pass away?1550 to put offc1550 shiftc1562 to tire out1563 wear1567 to drive out1570 entertainc1570 expire1589 tire1589 outwear1590 to see out1590 outrun1592 outgo1595 overshoot1597 to pass out1603 fleeta1616 elapse1654 term1654 trickle1657 to put over1679 absorb1686 spin1696 exercise1711 kill1728 to get through ——1748 to get over ——1751 tickc1870 fill1875 the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to waste away > wear away or down > wear out > specific clothes and the like overwear1415 wastec1480 outrun1592 1592 W. Wyrley Lord Chandos in True Vse Armorie 106 My latest time was doon, My oyle all spent, and hastie course out run. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vii. ix. 302/2 Ethelrik..hauing outrun his youth in pernicious obscuritie, attained in his old yeeres to the gouernment of both the Prouinces. 1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron II. vii. v. f. 34 Thus she resolued to outrun the rest of her wearisome dayes. 1687 London Gaz. No. 2276/5 The Spahi's having out-run all their Equipage, would not be in a condition of Service. 5. transitive to outrun the constable: see constable n. 6. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1801v.eOE
随便看	mechanoelectrical mechanoelectronic mechanograph mechanographia mechanographic mechanographist mechanography mechanoid mechanology mechanomorphic mechanomorphism mechanoreception mechanoreceptions mechanoreceptive mechanoreceptor mechanoreceptors mechanosensitive mechanosensitivity mechanosensory mechanotherapeutic mechanotherapies mechanotherapy mechanurgy mechation mechatronic