† overholdv.

Forms: see over- prefix and hold v.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, hold v.

Etymology: < over- prefix + hold v. Compare ofhold v.A spurious example of Old English oferhealdan in sense 1b is provided by the antiquary and Anglo-Saxon scholar William Lambarde ( Archaionomia (1568) f. 57^v) from a legal text denominated Æðelstan's Almsgiving by F. Liebermann and accepted by him as a genuine transcript of a lost manuscript (see Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 148: Gif se gereafa ðis oferheald[e], gebete xxx scill.). However, this text has since been shown to be a 16th-cent. translation into Old English of the Latin Quadripartitus, probably by Laurence Nowell, the eminent Anglo-Saxon scholar and Lambarde's friend and teacher (see K. Sisam Stud. Hist. Old Eng. Lit. (1953) 232–58, and further P. Wormald ‘The Lambarde Problem’ in J. Roberts et al. Alfred the Wise (1997) 237–75).

Obsolete. rare.

a. transitive. To hold down, oppress.

ΚΠ

OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) ix. 162 Þæt is þonne se æresta deað..þæt se man..mid mænegum synnum oferhealden bið.

b. transitive. To hold back, withhold; to restrain. Cf. ofhold v.In quot. a1450: to withhold for too long.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)]

pindeOE

steerc950

hold971

forbidc1000

withstewc1175

withholdc1200

stewa1225

crempa1250

bistintc1300

i-stillc1315

withdraw1340

entemperc1380

rebukec1380

forfenda1382

refraina1382

refrainc1390

restraina1393

restayc1400

retainc1415

to hold abackc1440

overholda1450

reclaim?c1450

revokec1450

bedwynge1480

sniba1500

repressa1525

rein1531

inhibit1535

to keep back1535

cohibit1544

reprimec1550

lithe1552

to rein up1574

check1581

embridle1583

to rein in1593

retrench1594

refrenate1599

to hold back1600

snip1601

becheck1605

sneap1611

trasha1616

supersede1645

reprimand1689

snape1691

to clap a guy on1814

to pull up1861

to pull in1893

withstrain1904

a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 1371 (MED) Hast þow ouer-holde corne or ote, Or oþer þynge þat come neuer to note?

1627 R. Sanderson Serm. I. 258 It was God that over-held him from doing it.

1858 A. Trollope Three Clerks III. ix. 177 Pointing out under what circumstances..they [sc. the shares] should be overheld till the market had improved.

2. transitive (reflexive). To overextend oneself.

ΚΠ

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Cor. (Douce 369(2)) x. 14 Forsoth not as we not strecchinge to ȝou, ouerholden [v.r. ouerhelden; L. superextendimus] vs.

3. transitive. To overestimate; to hold at too high a rate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > misjudgement > misjudge [verb (transitive)] > over-estimate or overvalue

to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)c1395

to make of (also on)c1449

to make fair weather of1537

over-reckon1537

overmind1571

overween1588

overprize?1589

overcount1593

overvalue1597

overrate1599

wondernize1599

overhold1609

over-cess1611

overweight1613

overthinka1618

over-title1620

overcast1622

overmeasure1625

over-sum1628

overesteema1639

overproportion1642

outbid1688

overcharge1711

overestimate1797

overreach1822

overplay1835

maximize1866

maximate1881

out-reckon1898

fetishize1934

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 132 If he ouer-hold his price so much, Weele none of him.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	overhold
释义	† overholdv. Forms: see over- prefix and hold v. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, hold v. Etymology: < over- prefix + hold v. Compare ofhold v.A spurious example of Old English oferhealdan in sense 1b is provided by the antiquary and Anglo-Saxon scholar William Lambarde ( Archaionomia (1568) f. 57^v) from a legal text denominated Æðelstan's Almsgiving by F. Liebermann and accepted by him as a genuine transcript of a lost manuscript (see Gesetze der Angelsachsen (1903) I. 148: Gif se gereafa ðis oferheald[e], gebete xxx scill.). However, this text has since been shown to be a 16th-cent. translation into Old English of the Latin Quadripartitus, probably by Laurence Nowell, the eminent Anglo-Saxon scholar and Lambarde's friend and teacher (see K. Sisam Stud. Hist. Old Eng. Lit. (1953) 232–58, and further P. Wormald ‘The Lambarde Problem’ in J. Roberts et al. Alfred the Wise (1997) 237–75). Obsolete. rare. 1. a. transitive. To hold down, oppress. ΚΠ OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) ix. 162 Þæt is þonne se æresta deað..þæt se man..mid mænegum synnum oferhealden bið. b. transitive. To hold back, withhold; to restrain. Cf. ofhold v.In quot. a1450: to withhold for too long. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)] pindeOE steerc950 hold971 forbidc1000 withstewc1175 withholdc1200 stewa1225 crempa1250 bistintc1300 i-stillc1315 withdraw1340 entemperc1380 rebukec1380 forfenda1382 refraina1382 refrainc1390 restraina1393 restayc1400 retainc1415 to hold abackc1440 overholda1450 reclaim?c1450 revokec1450 bedwynge1480 sniba1500 repressa1525 rein1531 inhibit1535 to keep back1535 cohibit1544 reprimec1550 lithe1552 to rein up1574 check1581 embridle1583 to rein in1593 retrench1594 refrenate1599 to hold back1600 snip1601 becheck1605 sneap1611 trasha1616 supersede1645 reprimand1689 snape1691 to clap a guy on1814 to pull up1861 to pull in1893 withstrain1904 a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 1371 (MED) Hast þow ouer-holde corne or ote, Or oþer þynge þat come neuer to note? 1627 R. Sanderson Serm. I. 258 It was God that over-held him from doing it. 1858 A. Trollope Three Clerks III. ix. 177 Pointing out under what circumstances..they [sc. the shares] should be overheld till the market had improved. 2. transitive (reflexive). To overextend oneself. ΚΠ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Cor. (Douce 369(2)) x. 14 Forsoth not as we not strecchinge to ȝou, ouerholden [v.r. ouerhelden; L. superextendimus] vs. 3. transitive. To overestimate; to hold at too high a rate. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > misjudgement > misjudge [verb (transitive)] > over-estimate or overvalue to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)c1395 to make of (also on)c1449 to make fair weather of1537 over-reckon1537 overmind1571 overween1588 overprize?1589 overcount1593 overvalue1597 overrate1599 wondernize1599 overhold1609 over-cess1611 overweight1613 overthinka1618 over-title1620 overcast1622 overmeasure1625 over-sum1628 overesteema1639 overproportion1642 outbid1688 overcharge1711 overestimate1797 overreach1822 overplay1835 maximize1866 maximate1881 out-reckon1898 fetishize1934 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. iii. 132 If he ouer-hold his price so much, Weele none of him. View more context for this quotation This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < v.OE
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