overliev.

Brit.

/ˌəʊvəˈlʌɪ/, U.S.

/ˌoʊvərˈlaɪ/

Inflections: Past tense overlay; past participle overlain;

Forms: see over- prefix and lie v.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, lie v.¹

Etymology: < over- prefix + lie v.¹ Compare Middle Dutch overliggen (Dutch overliggen ), Middle Low German ȫverliggen , Middle High German überligen (German überliegen ). Compare overlay v.The word seems to have become disused in the 17th and 18th centuries, when its function was largely performed by overlay v. (see branch II. s.v.), and was re-formed in the 19th cent.

a. transitive. To lie over or on top of, to cover. Also figurative. In early use occasionally intransitive.In quot. a1225 figurative in sense ‘to hoard (possessions)’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > high position > position upon > be upon (something) [verb (transitive)]

overlieeOE

ridec1460

to consist on?c1550

overlay1793

over-cap1839

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xlvii. 262 Lege on clað oþþe on fel þæt hit ealle þa sidan & þæt sar oferlicge.

OE Homily (Hatton 115) in D. G. Scragg Vercelli Homilies & Related Texts (1992) 181 Þeah smætegylden mor sy æt sunnan upgange on neorxnawonge, & se oferlicge ealle eorþan, [etc.].

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 53 Þeos ilke ehte þe þeos þus ouerliggeð.

c1450 J. Lydgate Secrees (Sloane 2464) 1489 The foure sesouns..ffirst veer and Estas next Autumpne with his greyn, Constreynt of wyntir with frostys ovir leyn.

1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. ccclviii Wel the hoter is the fyre, that with asshen it is ouerleyn.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Ouerlye, supercubo.

1581 J. Heywood tr. Seneca Thyestes (new ed.) v. iii, in T. Newton et al. tr. Seneca 10 Trag. f. 25 Thicker myst the world doth ouerly.

1849 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 139 134 It seems to be made up of a series of vesicles which overlie each other.

1892 J. C. R. Dorr Poems 161 The turf above you has grown so deep That its shadow overlies your past.

1968 Brain 91 566 It could also be secondary to a dilated diencephalic pouch which overlies the paraphysis and normally is of insignificant size.

1992 BBC Wildlife Jan. 25/2 These are the coarse outer hairs which overlie the thick insulating underfur.

b. transitive. Geology and Archaeology. Of a formation, stratum, deposit, etc.: to lie directly upon (another formation, etc.)

ΚΠ

1815 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. (ed. 2) xiv. 362 Beds..which are part of the regular coal formation, and overlie coal.

1874 Philos. Trans. 1873 (Royal Soc.) 163 561 The rubble beds which overly the raised beaches of Plymouth.

1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) i. 12 In a hilly district with many quarries..it may be easy to see clearly how one group of strata overlies another.

1991 Antiquity 65 860/1 Separating Levels 2 and 4 is a discontinuous and generally sterile sandy stratum, ‘Level 3’. It does not occur throughout the deposit; in some places, Level 2 immediately overlies Level 4.

a. transitive. To lie over or on top of (a child, etc.) so as to cause suffocation; to smother by lying on. Cf. overlay v. 7a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by smothering or suffocation

smorec725

athrysmc885

stranglea1300

overliea1382

forliea1400

to stop the breath (more rarely the wind) ofc1400

overlayc1425

querken1440

smoulder1481

suffoke1490

stiflea1535

smoor1535

smother1548

suffocate1599

asphyxiate1835

asphyxy1843

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 3 Kings iii. 9 Þe sone of þis womman ys dead to nyȝt, for sleepynge sche ouerlay [a1425 Corpus Oxf. ouerlaye; a1425 L.V. oppresside; L. oppressit] hym.

c1390 (c1350) Proprium Sanctorum in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1888) 81 301 Þis is aȝeyn þeos wymmen þat ouerliggen heor children.

c1400 (?c1280) Old Test. Hist. in F. J. Furnivall Adam Davy's 5 Dreams (1878) 97 (MED) In hire slep þat o womman her owen childe ouerlay.

a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 1657 Sende forth..to þe byschop..th.e modur þat þe chylde ouer-lyth.

a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 150 (MED) Fendys..make wymen to ouerlye hor children.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 648/1 I overlye, as an oversene noryce dothe her chylde.

1803 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 126 The mothers and the nurses who over-lie the children.

1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh iv. 137 The old idiot wretch Screamed feebly, like a baby overlain.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) Th' old zow 've a-bin and overlied one o' the little pigs.

1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage cxiii. 597 Accidents occurred often; mothers ‘overlay’ their babies, and perhaps errors of diet were not always the result of carelessness.

†b. transitive. To have sexual intercourse with (a woman). Cf. overlay v. 7b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > have sexual intercourse with > specifically of a man

jape1382

overliec1400

swivec1405

foilc1440

overlay?a1475

bed1548

possess1592

knock1598

to get one's leg over1599

enjoy1602

poke1602

thrum1611

topa1616

riga1625

swingea1640

jerk1650

night-work1654

wimble1656

roger1699

ruta1706

tail1778

to touch up1785

to get into ——c1890

root1922

to knock up1934

lay1934

pump1937

prong1942

nail1948

to slip (someone) a length1949

to knock off1953

thread1958

stuff1960

tup1970

nut1971

pussy1973

service1973

c1400 Brut (Rawl. B. 171) 44 (MED) He and his company wolde haue ham ouerlayne and bynome here maydenhode.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 160 (MED) Absolon..ouer-lay his fadyr Concubynes.

1520 Chron. Eng. iv. f. 35/2 Whan he sawe them so fayre he and his company wolde have overlayne them.

†3. transitive. To oppress; to overcome, vanquish. Also in passive: to be hard-pressed in battle; to be beset. Cf. overlay v. 4a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)]

ofsiteOE

forthringOE

overlayOE

ofsetOE

to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175

overseta1200

defoulc1300

oppressa1382

overpressa1382

overchargec1390

overleadc1390

overliea1393

thringa1400

overcarkc1400

to grind the faces (occasionally face) ofa1425

press?a1425

downthringc1430

vicea1525

tread1526

to hold (also keep, bring, put) one's nose to the grindstonea1533

tyrannizea1533

wring1550

downpress1579

bepress1591

defoil1601

ingrate1604

crush1611

grinda1626

macerate1637

trample1646

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 3930 (MED) The comun poeple is overlein And hath the kinges Senne aboght.

c1400 Prose Versions New Test.: 2 Peter (Selwyn) (1904) ii. 7 (MED) Þe ryȝtwyse Loth þat wiþ þe wickede was ouerlyen [L. oppressum] & holdun dowen wiþ here vnriȝtwyse lyfynge, God..delyuerede.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vi. 179 No man so..is..with dispeir or wanhope ouerleyn But that ther is sum hope lefft, certeyn.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 648/2 I overlye, as a tyranne or myghty man overlayeth his subjectes.

1592 in J. Crossley Autobiogr. Tracts John Dee (1851) I. 43 To helpe me upon foote againe, who have had so great a fall, and have so longe been kept downe, by some men's first tripping of my fate, and by others afterwardes overlying me by worldly policy, subtile practise, and rigorous advantages sought for and used.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	overlie
释义	overliev. Brit. /ˌəʊvəˈlʌɪ/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈlaɪ/ Inflections: Past tense overlay; past participle overlain; Forms: see over- prefix and lie v.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, lie v.¹ Etymology: < over- prefix + lie v.¹ Compare Middle Dutch overliggen (Dutch overliggen ), Middle Low German ȫverliggen , Middle High German überligen (German überliegen ). Compare overlay v.The word seems to have become disused in the 17th and 18th centuries, when its function was largely performed by overlay v. (see branch II. s.v.), and was re-formed in the 19th cent. 1. a. transitive. To lie over or on top of, to cover. Also figurative. In early use occasionally intransitive.In quot. a1225 figurative in sense ‘to hoard (possessions)’. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > high position > position upon > be upon (something) [verb (transitive)] overlieeOE ridec1460 to consist on?c1550 overlay1793 over-cap1839 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) ii. xlvii. 262 Lege on clað oþþe on fel þæt hit ealle þa sidan & þæt sar oferlicge. OE Homily (Hatton 115) in D. G. Scragg Vercelli Homilies & Related Texts (1992) 181 Þeah smætegylden mor sy æt sunnan upgange on neorxnawonge, & se oferlicge ealle eorþan, [etc.]. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 53 Þeos ilke ehte þe þeos þus ouerliggeð. c1450 J. Lydgate Secrees (Sloane 2464) 1489 The foure sesouns..ffirst veer and Estas next Autumpne with his greyn, Constreynt of wyntir with frostys ovir leyn. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer iii. f. ccclviii Wel the hoter is the fyre, that with asshen it is ouerleyn. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Ouerlye, supercubo. 1581 J. Heywood tr. Seneca Thyestes (new ed.) v. iii, in T. Newton et al. tr. Seneca 10 Trag. f. 25 Thicker myst the world doth ouerly. 1849 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 139 134 It seems to be made up of a series of vesicles which overlie each other. 1892 J. C. R. Dorr Poems 161 The turf above you has grown so deep That its shadow overlies your past. 1968 Brain 91 566 It could also be secondary to a dilated diencephalic pouch which overlies the paraphysis and normally is of insignificant size. 1992 BBC Wildlife Jan. 25/2 These are the coarse outer hairs which overlie the thick insulating underfur. b. transitive. Geology and Archaeology. Of a formation, stratum, deposit, etc.: to lie directly upon (another formation, etc.) ΚΠ 1815 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. (ed. 2) xiv. 362 Beds..which are part of the regular coal formation, and overlie coal. 1874 Philos. Trans. 1873 (Royal Soc.) 163 561 The rubble beds which overly the raised beaches of Plymouth. 1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) i. 12 In a hilly district with many quarries..it may be easy to see clearly how one group of strata overlies another. 1991 Antiquity 65 860/1 Separating Levels 2 and 4 is a discontinuous and generally sterile sandy stratum, ‘Level 3’. It does not occur throughout the deposit; in some places, Level 2 immediately overlies Level 4. 2. a. transitive. To lie over or on top of (a child, etc.) so as to cause suffocation; to smother by lying on. Cf. overlay v. 7a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by smothering or suffocation smorec725 athrysmc885 stranglea1300 overliea1382 forliea1400 to stop the breath (more rarely the wind) ofc1400 overlayc1425 querken1440 smoulder1481 suffoke1490 stiflea1535 smoor1535 smother1548 suffocate1599 asphyxiate1835 asphyxy1843 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 3 Kings iii. 9 Þe sone of þis womman ys dead to nyȝt, for sleepynge sche ouerlay [a1425 Corpus Oxf. ouerlaye; a1425 L.V. oppresside; L. oppressit] hym. c1390 (c1350) Proprium Sanctorum in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1888) 81 301 Þis is aȝeyn þeos wymmen þat ouerliggen heor children. c1400 (?c1280) Old Test. Hist. in F. J. Furnivall Adam Davy's 5 Dreams (1878) 97 (MED) In hire slep þat o womman her owen childe ouerlay. a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 1657 Sende forth..to þe byschop..th.e modur þat þe chylde ouer-lyth. a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 150 (MED) Fendys..make wymen to ouerlye hor children. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 648/1 I overlye, as an oversene noryce dothe her chylde. 1803 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 126 The mothers and the nurses who over-lie the children. 1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh iv. 137 The old idiot wretch Screamed feebly, like a baby overlain. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) Th' old zow 've a-bin and overlied one o' the little pigs. 1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage cxiii. 597 Accidents occurred often; mothers ‘overlay’ their babies, and perhaps errors of diet were not always the result of carelessness. †b. transitive. To have sexual intercourse with (a woman). Cf. overlay v. 7b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > have sexual intercourse with > specifically of a man jape1382 overliec1400 swivec1405 foilc1440 overlay?a1475 bed1548 possess1592 knock1598 to get one's leg over1599 enjoy1602 poke1602 thrum1611 topa1616 riga1625 swingea1640 jerk1650 night-work1654 wimble1656 roger1699 ruta1706 tail1778 to touch up1785 to get into ——c1890 root1922 to knock up1934 lay1934 pump1937 prong1942 nail1948 to slip (someone) a length1949 to knock off1953 thread1958 stuff1960 tup1970 nut1971 pussy1973 service1973 c1400 Brut (Rawl. B. 171) 44 (MED) He and his company wolde haue ham ouerlayne and bynome here maydenhode. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 160 (MED) Absolon..ouer-lay his fadyr Concubynes. 1520 Chron. Eng. iv. f. 35/2 Whan he sawe them so fayre he and his company wolde have overlayne them. †3. transitive. To oppress; to overcome, vanquish. Also in passive: to be hard-pressed in battle; to be beset. Cf. overlay v. 4a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > oppression > oppress [verb (transitive)] ofsiteOE forthringOE overlayOE ofsetOE to tread down, under foot, in the mire, to the ground, to piecesc1175 overseta1200 defoulc1300 oppressa1382 overpressa1382 overchargec1390 overleadc1390 overliea1393 thringa1400 overcarkc1400 to grind the faces (occasionally face) ofa1425 press?a1425 downthringc1430 vicea1525 tread1526 to hold (also keep, bring, put) one's nose to the grindstonea1533 tyrannizea1533 wring1550 downpress1579 bepress1591 defoil1601 ingrate1604 crush1611 grinda1626 macerate1637 trample1646 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 3930 (MED) The comun poeple is overlein And hath the kinges Senne aboght. c1400 Prose Versions New Test.: 2 Peter (Selwyn) (1904) ii. 7 (MED) Þe ryȝtwyse Loth þat wiþ þe wickede was ouerlyen [L. oppressum] & holdun dowen wiþ here vnriȝtwyse lyfynge, God..delyuerede. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) vi. 179 No man so..is..with dispeir or wanhope ouerleyn But that ther is sum hope lefft, certeyn. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 648/2 I overlye, as a tyranne or myghty man overlayeth his subjectes. 1592 in J. Crossley Autobiogr. Tracts John Dee (1851) I. 43 To helpe me upon foote againe, who have had so great a fall, and have so longe been kept downe, by some men's first tripping of my fate, and by others afterwardes overlying me by worldly policy, subtile practise, and rigorous advantages sought for and used. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.eOE
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