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单词 batuque
释义

batuquen.

Brit. /baˈtuːkə/, /baˈtuːki/, U.S. /bəˈtukə/, /bəˈtuki/
Forms: 1800s baduca, 1800s batucca, 1800s batuka, 1800s–1900s baducca, 1800s– batuque, 1900s– batuco, 1900s– batuko.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Cape Verdean Creole. Partly a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly a borrowing from German. Etymons: Cape Verdean Creole batuco; Portuguese batuque; German †Baduca.
Etymology: < Cape Verdean Creole batuco, batuku and Brazilian and Cape Verdean Portuguese batuque, denoting a particular kind of dance, in Brazil also used to denote dances of African origin more generally (1770), in Brazil subsequently also used to denote various religious movements with African roots (compare sense 2), further etymology uncertain, probably < an African language, although no etymon has been traced. In quots. 1820 and 1851 via German †Baduca, †Baducca (1820 in the passage translated in quot. 1820; now re-borrowed as Batuque).The Portuguese verb batucar ‘to dance the batuque’ is from the noun, and a suggested relationship with bater to beat, strike (see bate v.1) is apparently based on folk etymology.
1. In early use: an Afro-Brazilian round dance, the forerunner of the samba. Later more generally: any of various folk dances performed in the Cape Verde Islands and among black people in Brazil, typically having a rhythmic clapping or slapping accompaniment; (now esp.) music accompanying such dances.
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society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > round dance > [noun] > specific
rayc1450
Sellenger's round1567
miller's round1579
roundelay1589
cushion-dance1607
prinkum-prankuma1635
roundabout1766
pillow dance1811
batuque1820
walkround1861
hora1878
kissing dance1899
maxixe1909
garba1920
raas garba1935
1820 tr. Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied Trav. Brazil vii. 91 in R. Phillips New Voy. & Trav. III. The young people danced the Baduca [Ger. die Baduca], in which the body undergoes various contorsions, beating the time with their hands, and snapping two fingers of each hand alternately.
1851 S. F. Baird tr. J. G. Heck Iconogr. Encycl. III. 280 Their [sc. Brazilians'] national dance is called baducca, and performed by but one man and one woman, who, snapping their fingers, trip with unrestrained movements.
1942 D. Pierson Negroes in Brazil ix. 249 The samba, or samba batida, a regional form of the old batuque, although it has now been taken over by the upper classes.
1991 P. Sweeney Virgin Directory World Music 234 Many of the African rhythms are connected with dance forms such as the batuques and baianos.
2007 Times (Nexis) 27 Sept. 32 The young Cape Verdean singer..begins to beat out a rhythm from her home islands... The batuque beat she is tapping into comes from a Cape Verdean dance.
2. In certain parts of Brazil, esp. in the extreme south: an Afro-Brazilian folk religion or cult combining elements of Brazilian Roman Catholicism and spiritualism with traditional African religious practices. Also: a ceremonial ritual of this cult. Cf. candomblé n., macumba n., Shango n.
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1943 Amer. Anthropologist 45 498 As elsewhere in Brazil, cult-life in Porto Alegre centers about the cult-house, the residence of the priest or priestess who heads the group... The word used by cult-members to designate these centers and their rituals is pará, though batuque, employed by outsiders is more often encountered.
1964 S. Leacock in Amer. Anthropologist 66 354 The term ‘Batuque’ has been chosen as a general name for the Belém cults.
2016 M. Gidal Spirit Song ii. 41 Music provides a participatory mode of expression and appears to help mediums receive their..divinities in Batuque.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1820
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