packern.¹

Brit.

/ˈpakə/, U.S.

/ˈpækər/

Forms: see pack v.¹ and -er suffix¹; also Middle English pakkour.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pack v.¹, -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < pack v.¹ + -er suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin paccator person who packs (1275, 1419 in British sources), surveyor of packing (late 14th cent. in a British source), paccarius person who packs (1462, 1478 in British sources). Compare also Anglo-Norman pakker, Middle Dutch packer (Dutch pakker), German Packer.Uses as surname are found from the mid 13th cent. (e.g. Johannes le Pakkere (1254), Johannes Packer (1257)), but it is uncertain whether these should be taken as reflecting earlier currency of the English word or of one of its parallels. Compare also earlier woolpacker n.

1. An official responsible for the packing or supervision and regulation of the packing of certain goods, esp. those for export liable to custom (see package n. 1). Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trader > merchant > [noun] > importer or exporter > supervisor of export packing

packer1450

1450 Rolls of Parl. V. 200/1 Surveyours of the serche, Packers, or eny other Officers.

1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 336 (MED) Item, the same day my mastyr bout of the pakker of Yipswyche a brode clothe of blew, the prise therof xxx s.

1535 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. 14 §2 Euery porte..where no tellers nor packers at this present time be.

1606 Act Common-Council London 27 June in H. Mayhew London Labour (1861) III. 365/1 Porter to the packer for the said citie for strangers' goods.

1660 Bk. Gen. Lawes conc. Inhabitants Massachusets 10 It is Ordered, That in every Town, where any such goods are packed up for sale, the Gager or Packer of that Town..shall see that it be well and orderly performed.

1701 Abstr. or Abridgment of Laws made & past by William Penn 32 The County Court..shall yearly in every Town needful thereof, choose and appointa fit person or persons to be Gagers and Packers.

1979 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts Jan. 102/2 She was..a cousin of More's friends Francis Vincent, the Portugal packer of Lime Street in the City, and his brother.

a. More generally: a person who packs things; esp. one who packs goods for transportation and sale. Also: a company whose business is packing goods.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > who packs or packages

packer1598

packager1936

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > who packs or packages > for transportation

packer1598

1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Charter Edward IV in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 210 So many folders to fold their clothes, and so many packers to pack their packs.

1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 449 Severall bundles of cloaths..seized at a packers in Coleman street.

1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 389 They were..repack'd by..Packers of their own.

1749 Duke of Richmond Let. 14 July in Corr. Dukes of Richmond & Newcastle (1984) 284 A request..that whenever the Wardrobe is fix'd he may be recommended..to the Person that has that employment, for what they call Packer to the Wardrobe.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1175 Goods had been sent by orders from the vendee to a packer; the packer was considered as a middle man between the vendor and vendee.

1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal III. i. 2 Some valets are bad packers.

1949 Fishing Gaz. Oct. 92/1 Packers reported September, the first month of the oyster season, as being very good.

1994 Sci. Amer. May 6/1 The chemical shaving method, which has been adopted by meat packers, also saves processing time.

2002 Arkansas Democrat-Gaz. (Nexis) 8 Dec. 91 I, an inveterate light packer..never travel without tweezers and nail clippers.

b. A person who packs people into seats in a theatre, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > crowded condition or crowding > crowding things or people together > one who packs people in

packer1898

1898 Daily News 7 Nov. 2/3 The gentleman called the packer, whose business was to cry, ‘Move up, please; sit closer, please’.

1962 P. A. Lawlor More Wellington Days 45 When the gallery was charged to a point of suffocation along would come ‘the packers’, two hired men who would exhort the crowd in ungentlemanly terms to move up closer.

a. Chiefly North American, Australian, and New Zealand. A person who transports goods by means of pack animals. Also in extended use.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > conveyance by pack-animals > one who

sumpterc1290

mayoral1598

sumpter boya1616

packer1694

packhorse man1725

cargador1811

packman1828

1694 P. A. Motteux Wks. F. Rabelais (1737) V. 216 Burthen-Bearers, Packers.

1788 M. Cutler Jrnl. 6 Aug. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 402 Here we met a Packer with ten pack-horses.

1859 Brit. Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 6 June 2/3 The arrival of over one hundred pack mules from the Chilliwak country, where they have been wintering, and offers by the packers to take freight to Lytton City for eighteen cents, has failed to revive trade.

1881 Chequered Career 76 A packer offered me higher wages to drive pack-horses down the south coast.

a1918 G. Stuart 40 Years on Frontier (1925) I. 80 The packers swore that they would not make another trip that winter.

1952 H. Innes Campbell's Kingdom 22 I was wakened with the news that the packer was in from Come Lucky and would be leaving after lunch. I was taken out and introduced to a great ox of a man who was loading groceries into an ex-army truck.

1992 R. M. Bone Geogr. Canad. North i. iii. 58 The Chilkoot, Chilkat, and related Indians..now began to make money as packers, carrying loads over the pass as they had always done.

b. North American. A person who carries or conveys supplies in a pack on his or her back; a porter.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > by a person > person who

bearereOE

portera1382

carriera1398

load-man1487

coal-heaver1654

light porter1772

toter1817

packer1871

society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > [noun] > one going on foot > for exercise or recreation > rambler or hiker > back-packer

packer1871

backpacker1946

1871 Ladies' Repository Aug. 120/2 The packers usually stoop very forward as they walk, and often carry a stick in each hand.

1892 E. S. Brookes Frontier Life xiii. 117 I have often watched the packers, who would carry a load of seventy-five pounds on their backs, through a rough survey line for six or seven weeks.

1921 A. Heming Drama of Forests 320 Upon the first his companion placed two more packs; then, stooping beneath the weight of 240 pounds, the packers at a jog-trot set off uphill.

1998 Smithsonian (Nexis) May 74 On portages, he could carry 200 pounds, the normal tumpline load for a seasoned packer.

c. Australian and North American. An animal used to carry packs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > work animals > beast of burden

widgeeOE

beastc1300

jument1382

aver?a1513

sumpter1526

sumpture1567

beast of carriage1586

beast of burden1740

sumpter1821

pack animal1846

shavetail1846

baggage-animal1852

baggager1859

pack1866

packer1875

1875 S. Wood & H. Lapham Waiting for Mail 59 A horse, some old packer he looked like.

1890 Argus (Melbourne) 7 June 4/1 Starting back..from one of the Flemington hotels with his saddle horses and packers.

1908 A. C. Laut Conquest Great Northwest II. 270 Getting two or three of the wise old bell-mares, that are in every string of packers, at the end of a long rope, the canoemen shot across the whirl of mid-stream and got footing on the opposite shore.

1944 J. Martin Canad. Wilderness Trapping 13 In spring and fall when it is impossible to haul your supplies, dogs come in handy as packers.

4. A machine for packing things.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > packing, stuffing, or filling equipment

pack-sheet1533

packing sheet1545

packer1846

shim1860

parcelling machine1875

stuffer1875

woolpacker1875

filler1895

bagger1896

shimmer-

1846 R. F. W. Allston Rice Plant 343 An improved tide-mill, being furnished with rolling screen, elevators, packers, etc.

1894 Labour Commission Gloss. Packers², laths used for packing calicoes in bales.

1983 Current Digest Soviet Press (Nexis) 14 Sept. 11 Plants..have not begun the centralized production of packaging equipment and automatic packers.

2002 India Business Insight (Nexis) 31 Oct. The cement industry now uses mechanical packers for filling cement in the bags.

5. Originally U.S. A device inserted into an annular space in an oil well (such as that between the casing and the tubing) in order to block the flow of oil, gas, or water.Recorded earliest in water packer n. at water n. Compounds 7.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > blocking device

packer1870

storm choke1966

1870 U.S. Patent 105,156 1/1 The object of my invention is to cut the casing or tubing in oil-wells, so as to relieve them from the seed-bag water-packers, or other obstructions.

1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 718/1 An indiarubber packer is then attached in such a manner that within it the pipe that is above it slides in that which is below it, and the rubber is forced against the sides of the drill-hole.

1922 D. T. Day Handbk. Petroleum Industry I. 291 The fundamental principle of all types of packers embodies the vertical compression and lateral expansion of a resilient substance..between casing or tubing and the wall of the hole, between two strings of casing, or between tubing and casing.

1960 C. Gatlin Petroleum Engin. xiii. 256/1 The ratio of hole diameter to unexpanded packer diameter is kept as low as possible, and commonly ranges from 1·1 to 1·2.

1990 Reader's Digest June 174/2 The fire went out. His men stuffed a packer into the well and quickly pumped in sea water, then cement, to finish it off.

Derivatives

ˈpackership n. now historical the office of packer (see sense 1).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > imposition or collecting of duties on goods > [noun] > superintendent of packing > office of packer

packership1495

1495 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1912) L. 310 (heading) Tho offices of Pakkershipe and Gawgershippe of the Citee of London.

1898 Dict. National Biogr. LVI. 366/1 In June 1552 he was released on paying a heavy fine and surrendering the patent of the packership of London and his lease of the Savoy Hospital.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	packer
释义	packern.¹ Brit. /ˈpakə/, U.S. /ˈpækər/ Forms: see pack v.¹ and -er suffix¹; also Middle English pakkour. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pack v.¹, -er suffix¹. Etymology: < pack v.¹ + -er suffix¹. Compare post-classical Latin paccator person who packs (1275, 1419 in British sources), surveyor of packing (late 14th cent. in a British source), paccarius person who packs (1462, 1478 in British sources). Compare also Anglo-Norman pakker, Middle Dutch packer (Dutch pakker), German Packer.Uses as surname are found from the mid 13th cent. (e.g. Johannes le Pakkere (1254), Johannes Packer (1257)), but it is uncertain whether these should be taken as reflecting earlier currency of the English word or of one of its parallels. Compare also earlier woolpacker n. 1. An official responsible for the packing or supervision and regulation of the packing of certain goods, esp. those for export liable to custom (see package n. 1). Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trader > merchant > [noun] > importer or exporter > supervisor of export packing packer1450 1450 Rolls of Parl. V. 200/1 Surveyours of the serche, Packers, or eny other Officers. 1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 336 (MED) Item, the same day my mastyr bout of the pakker of Yipswyche a brode clothe of blew, the prise therof xxx s. 1535 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. 14 §2 Euery porte..where no tellers nor packers at this present time be. 1606 Act Common-Council London 27 June in H. Mayhew London Labour (1861) III. 365/1 Porter to the packer for the said citie for strangers' goods. 1660 Bk. Gen. Lawes conc. Inhabitants Massachusets 10 It is Ordered, That in every Town, where any such goods are packed up for sale, the Gager or Packer of that Town..shall see that it be well and orderly performed. 1701 Abstr. or Abridgment of Laws made & past by William Penn 32 The County Court..shall yearly in every Town needful thereof, choose and appointa fit person or persons to be Gagers and Packers. 1979 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts Jan. 102/2 She was..a cousin of More's friends Francis Vincent, the Portugal packer of Lime Street in the City, and his brother. 2. a. More generally: a person who packs things; esp. one who packs goods for transportation and sale. Also: a company whose business is packing goods. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > who packs or packages packer1598 packager1936 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > who packs or packages > for transportation packer1598 1598 R. Hakluyt tr. Charter Edward IV in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) I. 210 So many folders to fold their clothes, and so many packers to pack their packs. 1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 449 Severall bundles of cloaths..seized at a packers in Coleman street. 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 389 They were..repack'd by..Packers of their own. 1749 Duke of Richmond Let. 14 July in Corr. Dukes of Richmond & Newcastle (1984) 284 A request..that whenever the Wardrobe is fix'd he may be recommended..to the Person that has that employment, for what they call Packer to the Wardrobe. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1175 Goods had been sent by orders from the vendee to a packer; the packer was considered as a middle man between the vendor and vendee. 1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal III. i. 2 Some valets are bad packers. 1949 Fishing Gaz. Oct. 92/1 Packers reported September, the first month of the oyster season, as being very good. 1994 Sci. Amer. May 6/1 The chemical shaving method, which has been adopted by meat packers, also saves processing time. 2002 Arkansas Democrat-Gaz. (Nexis) 8 Dec. 91 I, an inveterate light packer..never travel without tweezers and nail clippers. b. A person who packs people into seats in a theatre, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > crowded condition or crowding > crowding things or people together > one who packs people in packer1898 1898 Daily News 7 Nov. 2/3 The gentleman called the packer, whose business was to cry, ‘Move up, please; sit closer, please’. 1962 P. A. Lawlor More Wellington Days 45 When the gallery was charged to a point of suffocation along would come ‘the packers’, two hired men who would exhort the crowd in ungentlemanly terms to move up closer. 3. a. Chiefly North American, Australian, and New Zealand. A person who transports goods by means of pack animals. Also in extended use. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > conveyance by pack-animals > one who sumpterc1290 mayoral1598 sumpter boya1616 packer1694 packhorse man1725 cargador1811 packman1828 1694 P. A. Motteux Wks. F. Rabelais (1737) V. 216 Burthen-Bearers, Packers. 1788 M. Cutler Jrnl. 6 Aug. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 402 Here we met a Packer with ten pack-horses. 1859 Brit. Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 6 June 2/3 The arrival of over one hundred pack mules from the Chilliwak country, where they have been wintering, and offers by the packers to take freight to Lytton City for eighteen cents, has failed to revive trade. 1881 Chequered Career 76 A packer offered me higher wages to drive pack-horses down the south coast. a1918 G. Stuart 40 Years on Frontier (1925) I. 80 The packers swore that they would not make another trip that winter. 1952 H. Innes Campbell's Kingdom 22 I was wakened with the news that the packer was in from Come Lucky and would be leaving after lunch. I was taken out and introduced to a great ox of a man who was loading groceries into an ex-army truck. 1992 R. M. Bone Geogr. Canad. North i. iii. 58 The Chilkoot, Chilkat, and related Indians..now began to make money as packers, carrying loads over the pass as they had always done. b. North American. A person who carries or conveys supplies in a pack on his or her back; a porter. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > by a person > person who bearereOE portera1382 carriera1398 load-man1487 coal-heaver1654 light porter1772 toter1817 packer1871 society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > [noun] > one going on foot > for exercise or recreation > rambler or hiker > back-packer packer1871 backpacker1946 1871 Ladies' Repository Aug. 120/2 The packers usually stoop very forward as they walk, and often carry a stick in each hand. 1892 E. S. Brookes Frontier Life xiii. 117 I have often watched the packers, who would carry a load of seventy-five pounds on their backs, through a rough survey line for six or seven weeks. 1921 A. Heming Drama of Forests 320 Upon the first his companion placed two more packs; then, stooping beneath the weight of 240 pounds, the packers at a jog-trot set off uphill. 1998 Smithsonian (Nexis) May 74 On portages, he could carry 200 pounds, the normal tumpline load for a seasoned packer. c. Australian and North American. An animal used to carry packs. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > work animals > beast of burden widgeeOE beastc1300 jument1382 aver?a1513 sumpter1526 sumpture1567 beast of carriage1586 beast of burden1740 sumpter1821 pack animal1846 shavetail1846 baggage-animal1852 baggager1859 pack1866 packer1875 1875 S. Wood & H. Lapham Waiting for Mail 59 A horse, some old packer he looked like. 1890 Argus (Melbourne) 7 June 4/1 Starting back..from one of the Flemington hotels with his saddle horses and packers. 1908 A. C. Laut Conquest Great Northwest II. 270 Getting two or three of the wise old bell-mares, that are in every string of packers, at the end of a long rope, the canoemen shot across the whirl of mid-stream and got footing on the opposite shore. 1944 J. Martin Canad. Wilderness Trapping 13 In spring and fall when it is impossible to haul your supplies, dogs come in handy as packers. 4. A machine for packing things. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > packing, stuffing, or filling equipment pack-sheet1533 packing sheet1545 packer1846 shim1860 parcelling machine1875 stuffer1875 woolpacker1875 filler1895 bagger1896 shimmer- 1846 R. F. W. Allston Rice Plant 343 An improved tide-mill, being furnished with rolling screen, elevators, packers, etc. 1894 Labour Commission Gloss. Packers², laths used for packing calicoes in bales. 1983 Current Digest Soviet Press (Nexis) 14 Sept. 11 Plants..have not begun the centralized production of packaging equipment and automatic packers. 2002 India Business Insight (Nexis) 31 Oct. The cement industry now uses mechanical packers for filling cement in the bags. 5. Originally U.S. A device inserted into an annular space in an oil well (such as that between the casing and the tubing) in order to block the flow of oil, gas, or water.Recorded earliest in water packer n. at water n. Compounds 7. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > blocking device packer1870 storm choke1966 1870 U.S. Patent 105,156 1/1 The object of my invention is to cut the casing or tubing in oil-wells, so as to relieve them from the seed-bag water-packers, or other obstructions. 1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 718/1 An indiarubber packer is then attached in such a manner that within it the pipe that is above it slides in that which is below it, and the rubber is forced against the sides of the drill-hole. 1922 D. T. Day Handbk. Petroleum Industry I. 291 The fundamental principle of all types of packers embodies the vertical compression and lateral expansion of a resilient substance..between casing or tubing and the wall of the hole, between two strings of casing, or between tubing and casing. 1960 C. Gatlin Petroleum Engin. xiii. 256/1 The ratio of hole diameter to unexpanded packer diameter is kept as low as possible, and commonly ranges from 1·1 to 1·2. 1990 Reader's Digest June 174/2 The fire went out. His men stuffed a packer into the well and quickly pumped in sea water, then cement, to finish it off. Derivatives ˈpackership n. now historical the office of packer (see sense 1). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > imposition or collecting of duties on goods > [noun] > superintendent of packing > office of packer packership1495 1495 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1912) L. 310 (heading) Tho offices of Pakkershipe and Gawgershippe of the Citee of London. 1898 Dict. National Biogr. LVI. 366/1 In June 1552 he was released on paying a heavy fine and surrendering the patent of the packership of London and his lease of the Savoy Hospital. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). packern.² Brit. /ˈpakə/, U.S. /ˈpækər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pack v.², -er suffix¹. Etymology: < pack v.² + -er suffix¹. Now rare. 1. A person who shuffles or arranges cards in a fraudulent way; a person who packs juries, etc. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card-sharping or cheating > [noun] > card-sharper Greek1528 cheaterc1555 packer1586 palmer1671 operator1731 card sharp1840 card-sharper1841 mechanic1897 sharpie1942 card shark2002 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > collusion, intrigue > [noun] > practitioner > who packs juries packer1905 1586 T. Newton tr. L. Daneau Dice-play vi As many foysting coseners and deceiptfull packers in playing..use to do. 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. at Barajador A packer of cards, a shufler of cards. 1807 E. S. Barrett Rising Sun I. 95 Associating with Coggers of dice, packers of Cards. 1905 W. O'Brien Recoll. 295 Mr. Peter O'Brien..afterwards earned the titles of Lord O'Brien of Kilfenora and..‘Pether the Packer’. †2. Obsolete. A confederate in an illicit or underhand plan; a conspirator, a plotter. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > collusion, intrigue > [noun] > practitioner insidiator1539 collusioner1562 night-crow1570 coviner1593 confident person1621 conjunct person1621 colluder1645 intriguer1667 packer1771 intriguist1830 1771 Hist. Sir William Harrington II. xlii. 175 A packer is one who is in league with a parcel of smart young fellows that are rather destitute of fortune, and for that reason are pushing for everything which can make it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1450n.²1586
随便看	fisherkeel fisherman fisherman apostle fisherman pilot fisherman's bend fisherman's daughter fisherman's knit fisherman's knot fisherman's nightingale fisherman's ring fisherman's seal fisherman's walk fisherman-diver fishermandiver fishermen fishernet fisherpan fisherpeople fishers fishership fisherstall fisherswain fishertown fishertrain fisherwife

packern.1

Derivatives

packern.2

packern.¹

packern.²