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单词 overtop
释义

overtopv.

Brit. /ˌəʊvəˈtɒp/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈtɑp/
Forms: see over- prefix and top v.1
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, top n.1 and adj.
Etymology: < over- prefix + top n.1 and adj. Compare top v.1
1.
a. transitive. To exceed or go beyond in any degree, quality, or quantity; to surpass.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > outdo or surpass [verb (transitive)]
overstyeOE
overshinec1175
overgoc1225
passc1225
surmountc1369
forpassc1374
overmatcha1375
overpassa1382
to pass overa1393
overcomec1400
outpass?a1425
exceedc1425
precedec1425
superexcelc1429
transcendc1430
precel?a1439
outcut1447
overgrowc1475
to come over ——a1479
excel1493
overleapa1500
vanquish1533
outweigh1534
prevent1540
better1548
preferc1550
outgo1553
surpassa1555
exsuperate1559
cote1566
overtop1567
outrun1575
outstrip1579
outsail1580
overruna1586
pre-excel1587
outbid1589
outbrave1589
out-cote1589
top1590
outmatch1593
outvie1594
superate1595
surbravec1600
oversile1608
over-height1611
overstride1614
outdoa1616
outlustrea1616
outpeera1616
outstrikea1616
outrival1622
antecede1624
out-top1624
antecell1625
out-pitch1627
over-merit1629
outblazea1634
surmatch1636
overdoa1640
overact1643
outact1644
worst1646
overspana1657
outsoar1674
outdazzle1691
to cut down1713
ding1724
to cut out1738
cap1821
by-pass1848
overtower1850
pretergress1851
outray1876
outreach1879
cut1884
outperform1937
outrate1955
one-up1963
1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. iv. f. 25v He woulde not onely compare, but also goe about to ouertoppe him in things vndecent.
1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xliii. 275 So the height of their argument ouertop not their power.
1627 T. Newman Andrian Woman i. i. 2 Crosse none, nor proudly seeke to ouertop His young companions: so that easily He got him friends and praise; yet without enuie.
a1680 S. Charnock Several Disc. Existence of God (1682) 591 None can over-top him in Goodness.
1709 Tatler No. 85. ⁋1 A distant Imitation of a forward Fop, and a Resolution to over-top him in his Way, are the distinguishing Marks of a Dapper.
1747 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. I. 176 This prince much over-topping the other Scotch chieftains in power.
1756 J. Brown Athelstan i. i. 2 Ere since I won full Glory from our Wars, He checks my Valour, left it should o'ertop, And shadow his.
1876 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. 2nd Ser. 276 In them the man somehow overtops the author.
1892 A. Conan Doyle Adventures Sherlock Holmes ii. 41 The comical side of the affair so completely overtopped every other consideration that we both burst out into a roar of laughter.
1943 J. W. Day Farming Adventure xvii. 192 All bids were overtopped by the undefeatable broad Norfolk of an aircraftman who bought recklessly.
1992 Weekly Law Rep. 11 Dec. 1043 The cost of providing a service is balanced or overtopped by amounts received for the service.
b. transitive. To rise above or exceed (a person or thing) in power or authority; to override; to overpower.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > [verb (transitive)] > prevail over by superior authority
overrule1576
overtop1584
predominate1590
oversway1593
monarch1600
predominize1648
to have the whip hand (of)1680
predominec1721
society > authority > lack of subjection > refuse to submit to [verb (transitive)] > set aside authority
recusea1387
unauthorize1554
overridec1565
overtop1584
to set aside1594
to ride over——1651
1584 B. R. tr. Herodotus Famous Hyst. i. f. 41v The Persians long since moued with disdayne to see themselues ouertopped and kept vnder by the Medes.
1587 in T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. (new ed.) iv. xi. f. 408v (margin) The time when the Pope began first to ouertop the emperour.
1596 A. Copley Fig for Fortune 12 What though he were a Traitor in so doing, Tis statelie done to ouer-top a King.
1601 F. Godwin Catal. Bishops of Eng. 121 By and by he ouertopped the Archbishop, and quickly wound him out of all authority.
1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxviii. 234 If Kings presume to overtopp the Law by which they raigne for the public good.
1660 R. Burney Κέρδιστον Δῶρον 80 He is curst in his Mothers Belly that would over-top such Princes, and bring their heads under his Girdle.
1853 G. Grote Hist. Greece XI. ii. lxxxv. 199 That intense antipathy against a despot who overtops and overrides the laws.
1881 H. James Portrait of Lady III. v. 64 What she wanted to learn now was whether Isabel had drawn herself up; it would give her immense pleasure to see Osmond overtopped.
1970 G. Woodcock Odysseus ever Returning 20 MacLennan suggests..the fear that always seems to overtop hope in the hearts of his Cape Bretoners.
2.
a. transitive. To rise higher than or over the top of; to exceed in height; to surmount; (spec. of water) to flow over the top of (a riverbank, barrier, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > vertical extent > make high(er) [verb (transitive)] > exceed in height
surmountc1374
overpassa1400
passc1400
overpeer1565
overcrop1567
overlook1567
overtop1578
top1582
superate1599
overtip?a1607
over-heighten?1611
out-topa1672
overtower1812
1578 W. Bourne Treasure for Traueilers i. viii. f. 16v You may knowe whether one ship be higher of boorde then the other, and also whether the one ship dooth ouertop the other ship,..by the quoting of the Horizon vpon both the ships.
1593 A. Chute Beawtie Dishonoured 46 So I vnto the low was made the nighest Whilst now I thought I ouertopt the highest.
1611 J. Davies in J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) 815 Lo heer, a Monvment admir'd of all..O'retopping Enuie's clowds.
1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea xxxiv. 84 The crabbed mountaines which over-topped it.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 222 When in the Dance the graceful Goddess leads The Quire of Nymphs, and overtops their Heads. Known by her Quiver, and her lofty Meen.
1740 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature III. i. 21 An oak..by the dropping of its seed..it produces a sapling below it, which..at last overtops and destroys the parent tree.
1785 W. Cowper Task i. 558 I see a column of slow-rising smoke O'ertop the lofty wood.
1789 R. Gough in tr. W. Camden Britannia III. 32 The castle is large, the outer walls standing on a pleasant ascent from the river, but much overtopt by an high hill.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xviii. 173 He..showed his brazen forehead, overtopped by a wig worth fifty guineas, in the ante-chambers.
1904 J. London Sea-wolf xvii. 163 The wave overtopped the Ghost, and I gazed sheer up and into it.
1987 Engin. News-Record (Nexis) 27 Aug. 15 The aim of the work is to ensure that a natural lake..does not overtop the dam and flood the area.
2002 Southland (N.Z.) Times (Nexis) 11 Dec. 12 Many older people lay in bed fearful the river would overtop the floodbanks that were built to protect the town.
b. intransitive. To rise over. rare.
ΚΠ
1870 M. Reid White Squaw ix. 33 In the centre of the group was a large building, which..far o'ertopped over the others.
2007 T. Q. Li et al. in J. M. Smith Coastal Engin. 2006 I. 674 The waves overtop over a vertical barrier in front of a pier.
3. transitive. To render top-heavy. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1643 J. Angier Lancashires Valley of Achor 2 If the height of the Sail did not overtop the Ship.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

overtopadv.

Brit. /ˌəʊvəˈtɒp/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈtɑp/
Forms: see over- prefix and top n.1 and adj.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: over- prefix, top n.1 and adj.
Etymology: < over- prefix + top n.1 and adj.
Now chiefly North American.
Over the top; overhead.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > high position > [adverb] > overhead
over a person's headOE
abovea1225
overheada1398
above-head1548
overtop1776
the world > space > relative position > high position > [adverb] > at or on the top > over the top
overtop1921
1776 W. Nimmo Hist. Stirlingshire (1880) I. xxi. 392 Trees, magnificent in foliage and limb, meet overtop.
1921 ‘J. O'Brien’ Around Boree Log (1937) 82 And every creek a banker ran, And dams filled overtop.
1960 J. Barth Sot-weed Factor ii. v. 156 'Tis e'er the pirates' wont to take their captives at the rail..whether bent on't backwards or triced hand to foot o'ertop.
1991 D. McBain Art Roebuck 136 Another time he had stabbed himself near the spleen with a jagged stick of snowfencing that had broken as he climbed overtop.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

overtopprep.

Brit. /ˌəʊvəˈtɒp/, /ˈəʊvətɒp/, U.S. /ˌoʊvərˈtɑp/, /ˈoʊvərˌtɑp/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: overtop adv.
Etymology: < overtop adv.
North American.
Over the top of; over.
ΚΠ
1978 N.Y. Times 13 Feb. d3 (advt.) Inside the seats are five separate layers of padding and lining, laid overtop a network of steel springs.
1991 D. McBain Art Roebuck 64 A fresh surge of river water came flushing around the horseshoe bend, spilling overtop the dyke.
2002 Chatelaine (Nexis) 1 Nov. 242 Spoon half of glaze overtop hot loaf or loaves in pan.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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v.1567adv.1776prep.1978
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