palaestrapalestran.

Brit.

/pəˈliːstrə/,

/pəˈlʌɪstrə/, U.S.

/pəˈlɛstrə/

Inflections: Plural palaestrae, palaestras;

Forms:

α. late Middle English palastyr, late Middle English pallestre, late Middle English plastre, late Middle English–1500s palastre, late Middle English–1500s palestre, late Middle English–1500s palustre, 1500s palester.

β. 1500s 1700s– palestra, 1600s– palaestra, 1900s– palaistra.

N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English palester.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: French palestre; Latin palaestra; Greek παλαίστρα.

Etymology: In α. forms < Middle French palestre (c1160 in Old French in sense ‘combat, physical exercise’; 1547 in sense ‘place for combat’; French palestre) and its etymon classical Latin palaestra wrestling school, action or practice of wrestling (see below); in β. forms < classical Latin palaestra and its etymon ancient Greek παλαίστρα wrestling school < παλαίειν to wrestle, of uncertain origin + epenthetic -σ- + -τρα, suffix forming nouns. Compare Italian palestra (c1336), Spanish palestra (1422; 1400 as palestre), Old Occitan palestra (c1350). N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (pălī·stră, păle·stră) /pəˈliːstrə/ /pəˈlɛstrə/.

1. In ancient Greece and Rome: a place devoted to the public teaching and practice of wrestling and other athletic exercises; a wrestling school, a gymnasium. historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > [noun] > gymnasium

palaestrac1425

gymnase1598

gymnasium1598

gimnasse1652

gymnade1677

ephebeum1697

vaulting-school1699

gym1871

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > wrestling > [noun] > place for wrestling

palaestrac1425

wrestling placec1440

fighting-school1535

list1589

wrestling ring1695

akhara1832

wrestling school1835

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 801 In Martys honour þei wer dedicate; And in palestre, at wakys on þe nyȝt, Wern..pleies men tassay her myȝt.

1534 ( J. Lydgate tr. Life SS. Alban & Amphabel (Herford) sig. C.iv^v To haue in armes knightly excercise Our grene youthe and courages to amende To lerne the maner and the Romain guise In palestre, day by day to entende.

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 116^v To wrastle in the games of Olympia, or to fight at Barriers in Palestra.

1684 W. Bowles tr. Theocritus Idyll. in J. Dryden Misc. i. 243 To morrow I'll to the Palæstra go, And tell him he's unkind to use me so.

1742 G. Leoni Notes I. Jones in N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture (ed. 3) II. iv. 55/2 Laconic, the Sweating Room in the Palestræ.

1776 R. Chandler Trav. Greece xxiii. 112 Socrates passing from the Academy to the Lyceum..discovers..an inclosure..which was a palæstra or place for exercises lately built.

1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lvi. 143 Among his monuments were an arsenal,..a gymnasium, a palæstra, a stadium.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. v. 85 As well try to be a pentathlos and perform all the five feats of the palæstra with the limbs of a nymph.

1931 F. Reid Uncle Stephen xiii. 161 His statue [sc. Hermes] was put up beside that of Eros in the palaistra, as a kind of symbol of the relations that ought to rule there.

1996 Holiday Which? Mar. 78/2 The shadiest spots are beneath the laurel trees on the triangular forum, or between the large palaestra and amphitheatre.

2. In extended use: a place of combat, a battlefield; (also) a place to exercise one's intellectual skills, an arena for debate, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > battlefield > [noun]

fieldeOE

place?c1225

fletc1275

champ of battlec1300

champany?a1400

o laundon?a1400

palaestrac1425

battle-stead1487

fighting-stead1487

open fielda1500

spear-field1508

joining-place1513

camp1525

foughten field1569

battleground1588

Aceldama1607

champian?1611

field of honour1611

champaign1614

standing ground1662

fighting-field1676

battlefield1715

c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 6754 (MED) Vlixes rod to kyng Arastre; Thei fauȝt to-gedur In that plastre; Strong batayle was be-twix hem two.

c1450 J. Lydgate Ballade Our Lady (Sloane) 69 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 257 Lauriat coroun..To hem þat putte hem in palastyr for thi sake.

c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine (Arun. 396) (1893) iv. 830 (MED) Thei must come now to this palustre, On-to this place where þis conflicte shal bee.

1749 B. Franklin Proposals rel. Educ. Youth in Writings (1987) 382 This properly belongeth to the Disputations which are Exercises of young Students, who are by these Velitations and in this Palaestra brought up to a more serious Search of Truth.

1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 254 Learn'd at the bar, in the palœstra bold.

1871 Harper's Mag. Aug. 337/1 Trained in the palestra of parliamentary struggle, he was ambitious to be a good debater rather than a great orator.

1893 Scribner's Mag. Feb. 223/2 Everyone strove for his own glorification, so that the wall became the palestra where an artist could exhibit his bravura, rather than contribute to the perfection of the whole.

1937 Dict. National Biogr. 1922–30 2/1 His sixth form became a most stimulating palaestra for eager and receptive spirits.

1989 Listener 4 May 41/2 Rules..close off sport..providing a..safe palaestra for the clash of personalities.

†3. The action or practice of wrestling; an instance of this; a bout of combat, a tournament. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > athletics > [noun]

palaestraa1500

athletic1605

agonistics1685

athletics1738

track and field1905

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > wrestling > [noun]

wraxlingc1000

wrestling?c1225

warslinga1450

palaestraa1500

wrestle1593

a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Visions of Tundale (1843) 96 Myghty champyons With won pallestre thorow hor hee renown.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. x. 86 The Palester of the Athletes, which is..the wrestling.

1840 T. P. Thompson Let. 24 June in Exercises (1842) V. 52 When the conduct of criminal justice is but a palæstra or course of exercise, to be turned on occasion against perhaps the most deserving members of the community.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	palaestra
释义	palaestrapalestran. Brit. /pəˈliːstrə/, /pəˈlʌɪstrə/, U.S. /pəˈlɛstrə/ Inflections: Plural palaestrae, palaestras; Forms: α. late Middle English palastyr, late Middle English pallestre, late Middle English plastre, late Middle English–1500s palastre, late Middle English–1500s palestre, late Middle English–1500s palustre, 1500s palester. β. 1500s 1700s– palestra, 1600s– palaestra, 1900s– palaistra. N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English palester. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: French palestre; Latin palaestra; Greek παλαίστρα. Etymology: In α. forms < Middle French palestre (c1160 in Old French in sense ‘combat, physical exercise’; 1547 in sense ‘place for combat’; French palestre) and its etymon classical Latin palaestra wrestling school, action or practice of wrestling (see below); in β. forms < classical Latin palaestra and its etymon ancient Greek παλαίστρα wrestling school < παλαίειν to wrestle, of uncertain origin + epenthetic -σ- + -τρα, suffix forming nouns. Compare Italian palestra (c1336), Spanish palestra (1422; 1400 as palestre), Old Occitan palestra (c1350). N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (pălī·stră, păle·stră) /pəˈliːstrə/ /pəˈlɛstrə/. 1. In ancient Greece and Rome: a place devoted to the public teaching and practice of wrestling and other athletic exercises; a wrestling school, a gymnasium. historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > [noun] > gymnasium palaestrac1425 gymnase1598 gymnasium1598 gimnasse1652 gymnade1677 ephebeum1697 vaulting-school1699 gym1871 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > wrestling > [noun] > place for wrestling palaestrac1425 wrestling placec1440 fighting-school1535 list1589 wrestling ring1695 akhara1832 wrestling school1835 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 801 In Martys honour þei wer dedicate; And in palestre, at wakys on þe nyȝt, Wern..pleies men tassay her myȝt. 1534 ( J. Lydgate tr. Life SS. Alban & Amphabel (Herford) sig. C.iv^v To haue in armes knightly excercise Our grene youthe and courages to amende To lerne the maner and the Romain guise In palestre, day by day to entende. 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 116^v To wrastle in the games of Olympia, or to fight at Barriers in Palestra. 1684 W. Bowles tr. Theocritus Idyll. in J. Dryden Misc. i. 243 To morrow I'll to the Palæstra go, And tell him he's unkind to use me so. 1742 G. Leoni Notes I. Jones in N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture (ed. 3) II. iv. 55/2 Laconic, the Sweating Room in the Palestræ. 1776 R. Chandler Trav. Greece xxiii. 112 Socrates passing from the Academy to the Lyceum..discovers..an inclosure..which was a palæstra or place for exercises lately built. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lvi. 143 Among his monuments were an arsenal,..a gymnasium, a palæstra, a stadium. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. v. 85 As well try to be a pentathlos and perform all the five feats of the palæstra with the limbs of a nymph. 1931 F. Reid Uncle Stephen xiii. 161 His statue [sc. Hermes] was put up beside that of Eros in the palaistra, as a kind of symbol of the relations that ought to rule there. 1996 Holiday Which? Mar. 78/2 The shadiest spots are beneath the laurel trees on the triangular forum, or between the large palaestra and amphitheatre. 2. In extended use: a place of combat, a battlefield; (also) a place to exercise one's intellectual skills, an arena for debate, etc. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > battlefield > [noun] fieldeOE place?c1225 fletc1275 champ of battlec1300 champany?a1400 o laundon?a1400 palaestrac1425 battle-stead1487 fighting-stead1487 open fielda1500 spear-field1508 joining-place1513 camp1525 foughten field1569 battleground1588 Aceldama1607 champian?1611 field of honour1611 champaign1614 standing ground1662 fighting-field1676 battlefield1715 c1425 (c1400) Laud Troy-bk. 6754 (MED) Vlixes rod to kyng Arastre; Thei fauȝt to-gedur In that plastre; Strong batayle was be-twix hem two. c1450 J. Lydgate Ballade Our Lady (Sloane) 69 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 257 Lauriat coroun..To hem þat putte hem in palastyr for thi sake. c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine (Arun. 396) (1893) iv. 830 (MED) Thei must come now to this palustre, On-to this place where þis conflicte shal bee. 1749 B. Franklin Proposals rel. Educ. Youth in Writings (1987) 382 This properly belongeth to the Disputations which are Exercises of young Students, who are by these Velitations and in this Palaestra brought up to a more serious Search of Truth. 1782 W. Cowper Conversation in Poems 254 Learn'd at the bar, in the palœstra bold. 1871 Harper's Mag. Aug. 337/1 Trained in the palestra of parliamentary struggle, he was ambitious to be a good debater rather than a great orator. 1893 Scribner's Mag. Feb. 223/2 Everyone strove for his own glorification, so that the wall became the palestra where an artist could exhibit his bravura, rather than contribute to the perfection of the whole. 1937 Dict. National Biogr. 1922–30 2/1 His sixth form became a most stimulating palaestra for eager and receptive spirits. 1989 Listener 4 May 41/2 Rules..close off sport..providing a..safe palaestra for the clash of personalities. †3. The action or practice of wrestling; an instance of this; a bout of combat, a tournament. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > athletics > [noun] palaestraa1500 athletic1605 agonistics1685 athletics1738 track and field1905 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > wrestling > [noun] wraxlingc1000 wrestling?c1225 warslinga1450 palaestraa1500 wrestle1593 a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Visions of Tundale (1843) 96 Myghty champyons With won pallestre thorow hor hee renown. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. x. 86 The Palester of the Athletes, which is..the wrestling. 1840 T. P. Thompson Let. 24 June in Exercises (1842) V. 52 When the conduct of criminal justice is but a palæstra or course of exercise, to be turned on occasion against perhaps the most deserving members of the community. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1425
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